摘要:

AbstractThe characterization and estimation of the manifold properties of environmental chemicals become more and more important for the protection of environment, and so of waters, too. For that reason, since 1975 the “Catalogue of Harmful Water Pollutants” has been edited by the Institute of Water Management, Berlin, GDR. Hitherto four deliveries came out, which comprise the parameters of a total of 700 substances and commercial products. The properties of the harmful water pollutants are described and assessed by 13 different criteria and measures. After the compilation of the results each pollutant is assigned to one of the following three categories:I: Very dangerous water pollutantII: Dangerous water pollutantII: Less dangerous water pollutant.By selected examples from the work of Public Water Control (Staatliche Gewässeraufsicht) the importance of the Catalogue of harmful water pollutants for the practice of the protection of waters and drinking water will be demonstrated. At present the Catalogue is used by nearly 1,200 firms, managements and institutions in the GDR as well as in 39 other states of the world. The second edition will contain an extension of the spectrum of criteria and measures as well as the result of a general revision of all the parame

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160602

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160603

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation gives the turnover value and productivity of macrophytes likeEichhornia crassipes, Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton crispusandAzolla pinnatafor the year 1978 at Koylaghat site of the Champanala channel, a southern side spill channel of the river Ganges. The average annual production of all the macrophytes comes to 3.925 g/m2· d, which is better than the world average of rice cultivated fields. All the important macrophytes in the present investigation are replaced annually. In contrast to pond and reservoir ecosystems, where the productivity of macrophytes is highest in the rainy season, in the Champanala channel the most of the macrophytes are absent from July to December and maximal productivity was about 4 g/m2· d from February to April. The difference in the development of macrophytes in standing and flowing waters results from the fact that in the rainy season increasing flow velocity, sudden fluctuations in water column depth and other destabilising factors produce unfavourable conditions for macrophytes in flowing water

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160604

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hydrochemical fundamentals of the origination of high concentrations of iron and sulphate at an acid reaction of ground waters of exhausted open‐cast coal mines are explained, and a technique based on representative sampling and oxidative treatment of aqueous suspensions with atmospheric oxygen for predicting the average load over years and decades on the basis of the analytical values has been developed and tested in the Central German area. Experimentally obtained relationships (weatherable pyrite/reaction rate, pH‐variation/buffering capacity of soil, total iron content/pH‐value) are s

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160605

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe following possible techniques of nitrate removal from drinking water are compared with respect to their efficiency: reserved osmosis, electrodialysis and ion exchange. It can be shown by test products that it is possible, in principle, to synthesize nitrate‐selective anion exchange resins. Today it is assumed that from this a preferential position of the technology of ion exchange can be expected for the elimination of nitrate from drinking wate

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160606

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA pilot plant study and a full scale plant study were conducted to determine the feasibility of using contact oxidation followed by activated carbon adsorption process in textile wastewater treatment, and to determine the effects of types of packing media in the contact oxidation tank and types of aeration process on the treatment performance. Results indicated that contact oxidation followed by activated carbon adsorption process was effective in removing organics and color from textile wastewaters. Types of packing media and types of aeration processes had little effect on the treatment performance. The pilot plant performance was found to perform slightly better than the performance of the full scale plant.

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160607

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160608

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe general assumption that the quantity of the formazan formed is linearly proportional to the time of incubation cannot be confirmed in practice. A formation of formazan which is too low initially is due to the initially passive transport of TTC to the sites of action. A formazan formation which is initially very high occurs through non‐enzymatic reduction of TTC by reducing substances in the environment outside the bacterial cells. During longer periods of incubation, especially during toxicological tests, the substrate may get exhausted, so that less formazan will be formed. For the correct determination of the dehydrogenase activity by means of TTC it is necessary to determine the period of incubation within which the increase of formazan is linearly proportional to time. The dehydrogenase activity can be exactly determined only from this period of time of incubatio

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160609

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160610

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe toxicity of some oil constituents, viz., benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, dimethylnaphthalenes, trimethylnaphthalene, phenol, cresol, aniline and toluidine towardsS. capricornutumwas investigated. All constituents exerted detrimental effects on algal growth and toxicity depended inter alia on the number of methyl groups in the test chemicals. Aniline, toluidine and alkylnaphthalenes were most toxic to test alga and if present at a high concentration in an oil, the toxic effects of that oil would be very severe.

ISSN:0323-4320    

DOI:10.1002/aheh.19880160611

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY