摘要:

AbstractNa‐triglycyl‐(8‐lysine)‐vasopressin (TGLVP) was administered intravenously to pregnant guinea pigs and the effect on regional blood flow examined by the radioactive microsphere technique. A dose of 10 μg/kg TGLVP caused an elevation of the mean arterial blood pressure, from 6.4 to 11.1 kPa, a significant reduction in blood flow to the gut, skin and skeletal muscle and a significant increase in blood flow to the spleen. The number of 15 ± 5 urn microspheres reaching the lungs diminished significantly after 10 μg/kg TGLVP, indicating that this dose constricted arterio‐venous short circuits in the systemic circulation. There was also a decrease in blood flow to the urogenital tract, including the placentae. When 3 μg/kg TGLVP was injected, the mean arterial blood pressure rose from 6.5 to 8.7 kPa and there was no longer any consistent effect on maternal placental blood flow. It is suggested that pregnancy constitutes a contraindication for TGLVP, since a reduction in uterine and maternal placental blood flow might occur with clinically r

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of acebutolol a p‐adrenergic receptor blocking agent was tested on the dog heartin situ.The drug decreased heart rate, and caused a reduction in the conduction velocity and a significant increase in the functional refractory period of the atrioventricular node. The functional and the effective refractory period of the right atrium was increased by acebutolol. During sinus rhythm, the drug did not affect conduction velocity in the rest of the conduction pathway. During atrial pacing, however, the intra‐atrial and His‐Purkinje conduction times were slightly increased. The plasma concentrations of acebutolol were in the range between 0.09 and 0.5 μg/ml, which is far below those values expected to cause a membrane‐stabilizing or quinidine‐like effect. The clinical applications of the results are

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFollowing the addition of carbachol or acetylcholine to microsomal fractions isolated from rabbit colon which were preloaded with Ca, the ions were rapidly released. In the 35‐45% fraction Ca was completely released within 10 min., but in the 35 % fraction only 30 % was released. Carbachol reduced the adenylate cyclase activity of the 35‐45 % fraction. Both these effects were blocked by atropine. Exogenous cyclic AMP completely inhibited the Ca‐releasing action of carbachol in the 35 % fraction and markedly reduced it in the 35‐45 % fraction. Imidazole released Ca from the 35‐45 % fraction and stimulated its phosphodiesterase activity. It is suggested that the microsomal fractions are parts of a Ca‐sequestering system in smooth muscle which are able to bind Ca and which on the addition of some contracting drugs release the ions and thereby activate the contractile system. The release of Ca may partly at least be due to a reduction of the adenylate cyclase activity, although other mechanisms must also be

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFenfluramine stimulates the glucose uptake of the isolated hemi‐diaphragm from normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats in the presence of insulin. The drug does not cause an increased storage of glycogen. During hind leg perfusion of the dog fenfluramine stimulated peripheral glucose uptake. No increase in lactate or in free fatty acids release was observed during prolonged infusions of the drug. Fenfluramine caused an improvement of glucose tolerance in normal glucose‐primed rats. A single dose of fenfluramine significantly lowered the blood glucose levels in streptozotocin diabetic rats and in diabetic dogs treated with insulin. Prolonged treatment with fenfluramine of streptozotocin diabetic rats had no significant effect on blood glucose levels. Additional treatment for one week of insulin dependent diabetic dogs with small non‐anorexic doses of fenfluramine resulted in slightly decreased blood glucose levels. The dogs could not be maintained on fenfluramine alone (without ins

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHypermotility in rats produced by various subcutaneous doses of apo‐morphine (ap) was studied. The neuroleptics chlorpromazine, perphenazine, thioridazine and melperone were administered subcutaneously 30 minutes before ap. The four neuroleptics were found to inhibit ap‐induced hypermotility. When the dose of ap was increased, higher doses of the neuroleptics were required to inhibit the hypermotility. By varying the dose of chlorpromazine, thioridazine and melperone partial ap‐antagonism was found, but increase of the perphen‐azine‐dose resulted in complete ap‐inhibition. Hypermotility produced by ap is presumably dependent on direct stimulation of dopamine (DA)‐receptors. Neuroleptics blocking some, but not all, DA‐receptors may cause no, or weak parkinsoni

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBumetanide (0.25 mg/kg intravenously) increases kidney volume by 20 % at maximal diuresis in anaesthetized dogs. The kidney expansion is initially accompanied by a 2‐4 fold increase in the subcapsular pressure, which is normalized at a time when kidney volume is still considerably increased. Renal blood flow and urinary kinin excretion are enhanced parallel to kidney volume. Renal prostaglandin E activity decreases. The increase in renal blood flow and urinary kinin excretion are inhibited by indomethacin pretrcatment. The results leads to the conclusion that the kinins mediate the vascular response of bumetanide. The results also suggest that the subcapsular/interstitial pressure might affect the prostaglandin level of activity after bumetanide while factors related to tubular volume activate the kallikrein‐kinin sys

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChanges in endogenous concentrations of 5‐HT and 5‐HIAA as well as the turnover rate of 5‐HT was studied in rat brain after treatment with a new potent and selective inhibitor of the neuronal 5‐HT reuptake mechanism, Lu 10‐171 (1‐(3‐(dimethylamino)propyl)‐1‐(p‐fluorophenyl)‐5‐phthalancarbonitrile). After a single dose of Lu 10‐171 the concentration of 5‐HIAA was reduced from 1 to 24 hours after treatment, whereas that of 5‐HT was practically unchanged, indicating decreased turnover of 5‐HT in the brain. This was confirmed using three different methods for measuring 5‐HT turnover. Thus the rate of 5‐HIAA accumulation in the brain after probenecid was reduced after Lu 10–171. Likewise treatment with Lu 10‐171 led to a decreased fall in 5‐HT and an increased fall in 5‐HIAA after inhibition of 5‐HT synthesis with parachloro‐phenylalanine (PCPA). Unexpectedly Lu 10‐171 did not change either the accumulation of 5‐HT or the decrease in 5‐HIAA after inhibition of MAO with pargyline. By and large the results are consistent with the proposed negative feed‐back regulation of 5‐HT neuronal firing rate due to the abundance of 5‐HT at postsy

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe antidiuretic and urinary cyclic AMP response to supramaximal vasopressin infusion was studied in normal rats and in rats with lithium‐polyuria. The animals were anaesthetized and then infused with a solution designed to produce excessive water diuresis and to lower basal cyclic AMP excretion. In 6 control animals not infused with vasopressin (I) urinary cyclic AMP excretion decreased during the infusion period. Vasopressin infusion (300 μU/min.) con‐sistantly induced antidiuresis in all of 13 control rats (II); but the urinary cyclic AMP response varied individually from a significant increase in 6 animals to either no change or to a decrease in the remaining animals. The antidiuretic response to vasopressin was inhibited by 85 % in 10 animals with marked polyuria induced by lithium administration (III). None of the animals in this group showed a significant increase of cyclic AMP excretion in response to vasopressin. The average rate of cyclic AMP excretion, which was equal in the two groups before vasopressin, was signifimantly lower in group III than in group II during vasopressin infusion. It is suggested that the increase in cyclic AMP excretion during vasopressin antidiuresis, although not consistant, most likely reflects hormone‐induced changes of intracellular cyclic AMP levels in the renal medulla. Thus, the data suggest that the nephrogenic diabetes insipidus syndrome produced by lithium is associated with a defect in the renal formation of cyclic AMP in reponse to vasop

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02098.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY