摘要:

AbstractThe distributions of copper and zinc in the soluble proteins from goat liver after gel filtration were determined. Samples from normal slaughtered animals as well as from experimentally copper‐loaded goats were tested. The copper‐ and zinc‐binding proteins were mainly separated into 3 different fractions. The approximate molecular weights were>65,000, 35,000 and 10,000. Varying amounts of zinc were eluted in a fourth fraction of molecular weight less than 2000. The results indicate that the distribution of copper and zinc among soluble metal‐binding proteins are highly dependent on the total liver zinc concentration. In the majority of samples, with zinc levels within 20 to 45 γg/g wet weight, the dominating copper‐ and zinc‐binding protein fraction was the high‐molecular weight fraction. This did not seem to be influenced by the total liver copper level. In the samples with high total liver zinc levels (>60 pg/g w.w.) there was a shift in protein distribution of both metals toward the low‐molecular

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe CK activity was measured in muscle tissue taken from the injected area (dorsal longissimus muscle) and the contralateral side of the injection site 72 hours after intramuscular injection into rabbits of 1 ml of different dilutions of propylene glycol orglycerol formal in distilled water or 0.9% saline. The total loss of CK activity from the injection site was calculated as the difference between the CK concentration in the normal muscle tissue and that of the injection site from the same animal. From the results the arbitrary amount of muscle tissue depleted of CK activity was further calculated and compared with the severity of the gross pathological findings. A large necrotic area at the injection site was present in all samples with more than 1 g of muscle tissue depleted of CK activity. Minor and probably acceptable pathological changes were found in samples with less than 1 g of muscle tissue depleted of CK activity. The local damaging effect of drug preparations for intramuscular use can thus be evaluated from the calculated amount of muscle tissue depleted of CK activity.

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inhibitory potencies of 27 compounds on the accumulation of3H‐dopamine (DA) in synaptosome‐rich striatal homogenates of normal and reserpinized rats were determined. It was found that some compounds, e.g. amphetamine derivatives, phenmetrazine, phenethylamine derivatives and tryptamine derivatives were considerably more potent in the reserpinized preparation than in the normal one. Other compounds, e.g. amfonelic acid, mazindol, EXP 561, benztropine, pipradrol, nomifensine, methylphenidate and cocaine had similar potencies in the two preparations. It is suggested that the compounds enhanced by reserpine are more potent as DA releasing agents than as inhibitors of the DA uptake, whereas the compounds in the other group are most potent as uptake inhibitors. Interestingly, these two groups completely agree with the two groups of central stimulatory agents, viz. the amphetamine‐like and the methylphenidate‐lik

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A previously described experimental model for studying the effect of industrial solvents on the vestibular system of rabbits has been applied to trichloroethylene. Estimation of trichloroethylene and its metabolites in blood and cerebrospinal fluid was performed by gas chromatography. Vestibular function was studied by recording nystagmus, induced by positional changes or accelerated rotation. At blood levels of trichloroethylene above 30 p.p.m. “positional nystagmus” develops. Two metabolites of trichloroethylene, chloral hydrate and trichloro‐ethanol, which are known as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, did not induce this abnormal nystagmus. However, α‐chloralose, a derivative of chloral hydrate, induced positional nystagmus and also a markedly exaggerated nystagmus developed during rotatory acceleration. It is suggested that solvents like trichloroethylene elicit vestibular disturbances by stimulation of central subcortical vestibulo‐oculomotor connections. The stimulation may be caused by a blockage of inhibito

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02340.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract4‐Aminopyridine (4‐AP) potentiates transmitter release from motor nerve terminals by increasing the quantum content (m) of endplate potentials. Estimates of the binomial parameters of transmitter release shows that 4‐AP enhances m by increasing n and

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSix mM fluoride had no effect on lactate production in LS cells incubated in Eagle's minimum essential medium. In Krebs‐Ringer phosphate buffer with 10 mM glucose inhibition was found with 3mM fluoride. The fluoride effect was similar in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Twelve mM fluoride had no inhibitory effect on ATP levels in LS cell

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02342.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSodium fluoride exhibited a dose dependent inhibitory effect on protein and DNA synthesis at concentrations from 1.3 mM in growing LS cells. The activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) was slightly stimulated by 0.5 mM‐NaF, but inhibited at 1.3 mM and above. The reduced enzyme activity seemed to be due to a reducedde novoformation of the enzyme caused by an inhibition of the protein synthesis. In spite of a reduction in ODC‐activity, fluoride had no effect on the cellular polyamine content during the experimental period (10 hou

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02343.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFluoride decreased the initial uptake of 2‐aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) in LS cells only in high (supralethal) concentrations and after several hours of exposure. The steady state level of AIB seemed somewhat more sensitive as it was halved after 23 hours exposure to 6 mM‐NaF. The cellular levels of some natural amino acids were also reduced by fluoride. However, cells resistant to fluoride showed equally lowered levels of amino acids, indicating that the observed effect of fluoride on cellular amino acid levels may be of little importa

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02344.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study describes the effects of tetraethyl lead on various drug metabolizing enzymes in different tissues of the rat. Tetraethyl lead was administered intraperitoneally to rats (250 γmol/kg) on two consecutive days. The animals were killed on day 3. Tetraethyl lead‐treatment decreased the concentration of hepatic cytochrome P‐450 (to 45 per cent of the control), the hepatic activity of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (to 41 per cent of the control) and ethoxycoumarin deethylase (to 45 per cent of the control). Epoxide hydratase activity was enhanced in the liver (1.3‐fold), kidney (3.3‐fold), and small intestinal rnucosa (4.7‐fold). The activity of glutathione S‐transferase decreased in the liver (to 69 per cent of the control) but increased in the kidney (1.5‐fold) and small intestinal mucosa (1.7‐fold). The glucuronidation of o‐aminophenol was enhanced (2.2‐fold) in the kidney of tetraethyl lead treated rats. It is concluded that exposure to tetraethyl lead brings about widespread changes in the ability of mammals to detoxi

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwelve pretrained healthy students ingested temazepam, nitrazepam, and placebo, each double blind at one‐week intervals in randomized order. Reactive and co‐ordinative skills and critical flicker fusion were measured before each drug intake and 1,2,3,6 and 8 hours after it. Short‐term memory and paired association learning were measured at 1, 3 and 8 hours. The psychomotor responses to drugs were modified by a sequence effect (not at zero tests) which effect varied depending on the drug and parameter. In multivariance analysis it was included to reveal drug effects. Nitrazepam 10 mg increased reaction and co‐ordination errors and also impaired learning and memory. Temazepam 10 mg impaired co‐ordinative skills; on a whole it differed from nitrazepam but hardly from placebo. Temazepam 20 mg impaired co‐ordination, and learning and memory. Both temazepam 20 mg and nitrazepam were experienced sedative. All drug effects were clearest during the first 3 hours, nitrazepam also impaired learning at 8 hours. Temazepam 20 mg seems suitable as

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02346.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY