摘要:

Abstract:In the present study the hypothesis is tested that long‐term lithium administration produces a general lowering of hormone responses that are mediated via the adenyl cyclase‐cyclic AMP systems. Rats were given lithium in the food for more than one month before the experiments, and the serum lithium concentration was maintained at a level of 0.7–0.9 mM. Lithium administration did not lower the response to 33 or 100 U/kg b.wt. of parathyroid hormone as measured by the decrease in the urinary excretion of calcium and by an increase in urinary excretion of phosphate and cyclic AMP; on the contrary, the effects of parathyroid hormone were higher in the lithium than in the control group. Lithium did not lower the response to 200 μg/kg b.wt. glucagon as measured by liver glycogen breakdown. The liver glycogen concentration was equal in the lithium and in the control group before the hormone was administered; one hour after its administration the liver glycogen concentration was reduced by about 40 per cent in both groups. Lithium led to a significant increase in the response to glucagon as measured by the increase in the urinary excretion of cyclic AMP. On the basis of the data obtained the hypothesis under investigation must be re

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The metabolic effects of phenformin and phenformin‐ethanol were studied in isolated perfused liver preparations from fed rats. Whether phenformin was given alone or together with ethanol, the hepatic oxygen consumption decreased and the lactate production increased. Phenformin caused a decrease in ethanol elimination. The mitochondrial redox level was reduced by phenformin in all types of experiments, but a significant reduction of the cytoplasmic redox level was seen only when phenformin and ethanol were given together. The findings indicate that phenformin, in addition to an inhibitory effect on oxidative phosphorylation, impairs the transport of reducing equivalents across the mitochondrial membrane. This effect may be secondary to a lack of energy in the transport syste

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Guinea‐pigs injected with phenobarbital subcutaneously or given the drug in the drinking water for 6–10 days were significantly more sensitive to inhaled histamine than corresponding control groups. Despite this induced hypersensitivity, the phenobarbital pretreatment did not diminish the protecting activity of terbuline against the histamine bronchosp

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Bile components Cd2+and Hg2+binding was followed up by the chromatographic fractionation on Sephadex G‐100 of bile from rats that were given CdCl2or HgCl2intravenously. Mercury was bound with the high molecular weight fraction while cadmium was bound with both the high (>100,000) and the low molecular weight fraction. The change in bile composition after CdCl2or HgCl2administration was observed; a new fraction containing yellow pigments of low molecular weight and virtually no proteins was identifie

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The elimination of intravenously injected125I‐toluidine blue was studied in rabbits. Within 5 minutes after the injection, approximately 80% of the dye had been metabolized, being present in the plasma and urine in a colourless state. As much as 99% of the label was recovered in the urine and faeces within 3 days. It is therefore assumed that in future clinical parathyroid scintigraphy, the absorbed radiation dose with radioiodinated dye will be smaller than with75Se‐selenomethionine, the currently used radiopharmaceutic compound for the parathyro

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The binding of digoxin to human albumin was studied under various conditions with regard to electrolytes and pH. For relevant clinical concentrations of digoxin and albumin the binding was not influenced by variations in the concentration of Na, K, Ca and Mg. On the assumption of one binding site per molecule, variations in pH from 5 to 9 decreased the association constant at 37° from 8×102 liter/mol to 1 × 102 liter/mol. The binding of digoxin to other serum proteins was insignifica

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The inhibitory effect of terbutaline and isoprenaline on the anaphylactic release of spasmogens from the lung tissue of the ovalbumin‐sensitized guinea‐pig was investigated. In the tested concentrations 2 × 10‐9‐2 × 10‐5M terbutaline showed a dose‐dependent inhibition in all except the lowest concentration. Isoprenaline was about twenty times as potent as terbutaline in preventing the release

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03523.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Some experimental conditions in connection with the ovalbumin‐stimulated release of histamine from the actively sensitized guinea‐pig lungin vitroand the influence of isoprenaline on this release have been studied. At 37° the release process was completed within 15 minutes. Incubation did not change the tissue content of histamine extractable by boiling. Isoprenaline, 2×10‐8M, inhibited 50–60 per cent of the control release of histamine. The effect was fully blocked by propranolol, 10‐7M. The inhibitory effect of isoprenaline was found to be restricted to the calcium‐dependent release of histamine. The preincubation time of isoprenaline was not critical. An increase in the dose of antigen did not impair the ability of isoprenaline to inhibit the release

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03524.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:The protein‐bound fraction of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, phenylbutazone, diphenylhydantoin, sulphadiazine and thiopental was found to be increased in blood plasma afterin vitrodialysis of plasma from blood donors and also in the plasma of surgical patients suffering from acute renal failure. The concentrations of the drugs ranged from 50 to 600 μg/ml. The increments (in μg drug bound/mg albumin) were significantly larger in the patient‐plasmas than in the donor plasmas for diphenylhydantoin, phenylbutazone and sulphadiazine. The albumin‐bound fraction of all the six drugs was significantly greater when human serum albumin and the drug were dissolved in patient‐plasma ultrafiltrate which had previously been dialysed against a Ringer‐solution, than when albumin and the drug were dissolved in undialysed patient plasma ultrafiltrate. For ultrafiltrate prepared from donor plasma only acetylsalicylic acid showed significantly increased binding in dialysed ultrafiltrate. The increments (in μg drug bound/mg albumin) were significantly greater in the patient ultrafiltrates than in the donor ultrafiltrates for thiopental, salicylic acid, phenylbutazone and sulphadiazine. The drug‐binding capacity of the protein in dialysed patient plasma for four of the drugs was significantly lower than the drug‐binding capacity of albumin added in the same concentration to the dialysed plasma ultrafiltrate. For two drugs, diphenylhydantoin and thiopental, the differences in the same direction were not statistically significant. In donor plasma, the binding to genuine plasma protein was not different from the binding

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract:Longitudinal and circular muscle strips from the progesterone‐dominated rabbit uterus were stimulatedin vitrowith the α‐ and β‐adrenergic agents noradrenaline and isoprenaline, and the effects were compared with results obtained from the oestrogen‐dominated uterus. The spontaneous activity in oestrogen‐ and progesterone‐dominated strips was the same. Noradrenaline caused an increase in frequency and basal tone in all strips. In the oestrogen‐dominated strips the force of the induced contractions exceeded the force of the spontaneous contractions. In the progesterone‐dominated strips the force of the contractions subsequent to the addition of noradrenaline was usually a little reduced. No difference between the circular and longitudinal strips was observed. Reserpine‐treatment of the oestrogen‐dominated animals substantially reduced the force of the noradrenaline‐induced contractions. In progesterone‐dominated animals reserpine treatment had no such effect. Isoprenaline produced a reduction in the force and the frequency of the spontaneous contractions. In the circular strips, the spontaneous activity was less inhibited by isoprenaline in the progesterone than in the oestrogen‐dominated strips. As to the longitudinal strips, the dose‐response curves were quite similar. The circular strips were much less inhibited by isoprenaline than were the longitudinal ones. It is concluded that the different reactions to adrenergic nerve stimulation in oestrogen‐ and progesterone‐dominated rabbit uteri reported previously by other investigators, might depend on the different reactions of the muscle to α stimulation, this difference being partly explained by the higher catecholamine content

ISSN:0001-6683    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1974.tb03526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY