摘要:

In an attempt to determine the distribution of soluble complexes formed when131I‐labelled HSA reacts with fluorescein labelled anti‐HSA we have used zonal centrifugation in A sucrose gradient combined with a subsequent analysis of the cuts by radioactivity, fluorescence and polarization of fluorescence measurements. The method is both reproducible and sensitive, and has a potential advantage over other methods for separating soluble complexes in that the sedimentation coefficients as well as antibody ratio of the complexes can be determined on microgram quantities of sample.Using this method, we have been able to follow the dissociation of antigen‐antibody complexes with time, and to demonstrate the building up of large numbers of complexes at the equivalence zone. Full technical details of the method are given, together with suggestions for further improve

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antisera to bovine IgM and IgA were developed by immunizing rabbits with specific agar‐gel immune‐precipitates. By precipitation with a polyvalent anti‐immunoglobulin serum the immunoglobulin classes were isolated from solutions which contained IgM (G‐200 gel‐filtration fractions) or IgA (lacrimal fluid) as the only or at least predominant immunoglobulin. Antibodies developed against shared antigenic determinants (light polypeptide chains) and non‐immunoglobulin proteins were easily removed using selected absorptive materials. Attempts to produce antisera exclusively reactive with either IgG slow or IgG fast were unsuccessful, presumably due to slight antigenicity of subclass‐specific

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Virus‐specific antigen from cultures of BHK cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was studied. Virus antigen was mainly found in the cells and did not seem connected with infectious virus particles. Two distinct, “soluble”, precipitating antigens were demonstrated. One of these was a very thermolabile protein with a sedimentation constant near 3.5 S and an estimated molecular weight of about 48, 000. The other antigen was more thermostable and resisted prolonged incubation withStreptomyces griseusprotease. The chemical nature of this antigen was not elucidated. Its sedimentation in rate zonal centrifugation was not significantly different from that of the thermolabile an

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03796.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Individual rats belonging to two different F2 crosses were serotyped for HI (AgB) determined antigens and tested in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) against parental strain rats. In agreement with the general contention that MLC reactivity is controlled solely by the major histocompatibility locus of the species, all HI different mixtures were found to stimulate, while HI identical mixtures failed to stimulate. The lack of MLC stimulation by minor loci antigens may be due to low frequency of antigen sensitive cells against these antigens. Immunization may be expected to increase their frequency and indeed in some combinations low but clear‐cut stimulation was produced by non HI antigens after specific immunization. In the HI (different AS‐AS2 combination an unexpected discrepancy was found between the relative antigenic strength as measured by MLC on one side and by the local graft‐versus‐host assay (12, 13) and by kidney graft survival on the other side. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are di

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03797.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The stimulation obtained in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) with mitomycin treated target cells of a different HI (AgB) type has been investigated for the possible effect of gene dosage. Almost invariably it was found that target cells carrying two rather than one chromosome with a particular foreign HI allele caused a significantly higher degree of stimulation. This fact pertained to the comparison of target cells from homozygous pure strain and the Fl hybrid. It also holds for the comparison of F2 hybrids homozygous and heterozygous respectively for a given foreign HI allele (3). The greater degree of stimulation by homozygous target cells was manifested during the entire culture period and was found to exist over a wide range of target cell concentrations. These findings contrast with other published data when no evidence for a gene dose effect of HI determined antigens was found. The possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03798.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifteen patients were immunized with killedbrucclla abortus Bang. Theinvitro transformation response of blood lymphocytes to antigen was followed for 15 days after the immunization. Five patients, all undergoing treatment with immunosuppresive/anti‐inflammatory drugs, showed little or no response. In some of the responding patients, transformation was observed as early as 3 days after immunization. Early occurrence of transformation was associated with high rates of thymidine incorporation at response maximum. During the development of the response, the lymphocytes became more sensitive to low antigen concentration

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03799.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The development of cellular and humoral hypersensitivity was followed in 15 adult patients during primary immunization with brucella bacteria. Both types of hypersensitivity were detected byin vitrotechniques, a leucocyte migration test and an agglutination reaction, respectively, and compared to the results of simultaneous studies of antigen‐induced lymphocyte transformationin vitro. The development of the response in the three test systems followed qualitatively different patterns. Between transformation and migration inhibition, no quantitative correlation was found. Patients with poor transformation tended to produce little or no antibodies, but otherwise no correlation was found. The hypothesis is offered that antigen‐induced lymphocyte transformation reflects the expanded clones of antigen sensitive cells raised after immunization whether the final immune response is antibody formation, cell mediated hypersensitivity, or b

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03800.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mice inoculated intracerebrally with herpes simplex virus were kept at different environmental temperatures. The life‐span, symptomatology, synthesis of infective virus, interferon and monoamines of the brains as well as the histopathological picture were studied. Increased life‐span and increased numbers of survivors were observed when mice were incubated at temperatures higher than the ordinary room‐temperature. At the higher temperatures the pathological rise in dopamine synthesis observed in mice at room‐temperature almost disappeared and the incidence of excited animals was markedly reduced. The development of neuronal degenerations and pathological vascular permeability was inhibited in mice incubated at 34d̀ in comparison to these conditions in mice kept at 22d̀, whereas no effect on the inflammatory cell response was demonstrable. These effects of the higher environmental temperature were probably not mediated by increased production of interferon. Although it is probable that the symptomatology modified by increased temperature was influenced by changes in metabolism of brain monoamines, the life‐saving result of increasing the environmental temperature seemed dependent upon inhibition of formation of infective virus and of spread of th

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03801.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The presence of immunological factors active in the regulation of the magnitude of a primary infection withAscaris suumwas investigated in X‐irradiated mice and in neonatally thymectomized mice. More larvae developed in thymectomized mice than in their controls, but fewer larvae were recovered from irradiated mice than from the controls. It is suggested that some thymus dependent innate immunity againstAscaris suummay be present in mice. The radiation is supposed to have rendered the mice unsuitable hosts for the parasite

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03802.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By means of radioisotope technique the phagocytic activityin vitroof peritoneal poly‐morphonuclear leucocytes from germfree and conventional rats was compared, using32P‐labelledEscherichia col. When opsonized with serum from conventional rats, no differences were observed in the ingesting capacity of the two cell types. When opsonized with serum from germfree rats, cells from germfree rats were slightly more active than cells from conventional rats. The opsonic activity of conventional rat sera was higher than that of germfree rat sera. Differences in phagocytosis appeared to depend on differences in opsonic activity rather than on functional differences on the cellular le

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb03803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY