摘要:

Nephrotoxic compounds were isolated from a strain ofPenicillium viridicatumWestling. This strain was isolated from a batch of barley which by feeding caused a chronic kidney degeneration in pigs and rats. Liquid corn steep medium was inoculated and incubated as stationary culture. After fractionation of the liquid medium fractions and isolated compounds were perorally administered to rats during a period of 2–3 weeks. Two compounds were found nephrotoxic: Citrinin and oxalic acid. Oxalates cause in rats during a long‐term experiment a chronic kidney damage, characterized by dilated tubules, formation of cysts and connective tissue and crystals of calcium oxalate in the tubules. No nuclear alterations were observed. Citrinin‐induced kidney damage is characterized by enlarged kidneys. Degeneration of the proximal tubules in the form of hydropic degeneration, loss of brush border, and pyknotic nuclei are observed. These lesions are accompanied by thickening of the tubular basement membranes, activation of interstitial cells and formation of collagen. Some tubules are dilated into cysts. This kidney degeneration is comparable to the kidney damage in rats and pigs caused by feeding barley inoculated withP. viridicatumas well as by feeding the batch of barley from which the fungus was isolated. The kidney damage in pigs is comparable to the chronic kidney degeneration observed among Danish pigs fed mouldy feed. Thus it is assumed that the kidney degeneration naturally occurring among Danish pigs is a mycotoxicosis caused by citrinin, although a synergistic effect with other compounds may

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventy‐five strains of coagulase‐positive staphylococci isolated from the nostrils of healthy dogs and 67 strains isolated from the nostrils of pigeons have been typed both serologically and with the standard set of human phages as well as with selected bovine phages. Biochemically 10 of the dog strains were of the human biotype. All of these were typable serologically and 8 were sensitive to the phages vised. Sixty‐three dog strains and all the pigeon strains showed to a great extent biochemical properties corresponding to the canine biotype. Of the whole group of these white‐pigmented isolates only one strain of pigeon origin was typable by phage. The dog strains and the pigeon strains differed serologically. Eighty‐five per cent of the true canine strains isolated from dogs were easily typable. The dominant antigen wasa5and there were only few antigenic patterns. Of the pigeon strains only 24 per cent were typable. In agreement with other investigations the present investigation shows that canine strains can quite successfully be typed serologically whereas the human and bovine phage sets are of little use. This reflects a fundamental difference between the two typin

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Biopsies from 235 patients with oral leukoplakias were investigated, (83 speckled leukoplakias, and 152 homogeneous leukoplakias). A candidal invation was found in 23 per cent of the leukoplakias (in 61 per cent of the speckled leukoplakias, and in 3 per cent of the homogeneous leukoplakias). Epithelial atypia was associated with concurrent Candida in 61 per cent of the speckled leukoplakias, while epithelial atypia occurred in 88 per cent of the speckled leukoplakias which were not affected by Candida.

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A provisional phage set suggested by Davidson for typing of “bovine” Staphylococcus aureus was compared to the international phage set in the typing of 225 strains isolated from bovine mastitis in 61 herds in central Sweden. At RTD 44.9 per cent of the strains were typable with the provisional phage set and 30.7 per cent with the international set. Corresponding figures at 1000 × RTD were 74.7 and 69.8 per cent. With both sets a total typability of 79.1 per cent was achieved. The following phage set proved most useful: 29, 52 A, 84, 3 A, 6, 53, 75, 77, 42 D, 107, 1363/14, 78, S 1, S 6, 883, 54, 71

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten strains ofMoraxella boviswere isolated from cases of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. On primary isolation on blood agar they formed flat, rough colonies. In subculture rapid dissociation to smaller smooth convex colonies occurred. This is not in agreement with the colony morphology described in the literature according to which smooth colonies appear to be predominant in primary isolation. One of the strains examined was non‐haemolytic. Examined strains did not grow under anaerobic conditions and showed dependence on high oxygen pressure. Optimum growth was shown at an oxygen pressure slightly below that of atmospheric air. There was no growth at 15°C and 40°C. All strains were catalase‐negative and oxidase‐positive. Carbohydrates were not attacked. None of the strains examined decomposed urea, reduced nitrate or formed hydrogen sulphide. Coagulated serum and gelatin are liquefied. In litmus milk alkaline peptonization took place, characteristically progressing by the formation of three zones. There was no growth on MacConkey agar or on potato infusion agar. The results of the antibiotic sensitivity tests are shown in Table 1. The sensitivity of the bacterium to penicillin is particularly emp

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Guinea‐pigs injected with guinea‐pig thyroglobulin intradermally and rabbit antiserum to guinea‐pig thyroglobulin intravenously, showed inflammatory reactions both in the thyroid and in the skin. However, while the eosinophil granulocyte was the predominating cell of the inflammatory infiltrate in the thyroid, neutrophil granulocytes and mononuclear cells prevailed in the skin. Indirect evidence suggested that the reason for this difference might be the larger number of mast cells in the th

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunofluorescence microscopy was carried out on kidney biopsies fixed in cold ethanol, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned by a standard microtome. Immunoglobulins could be demonstrated with glomerular localization in cases of kidney diseases in a pattern similar to that described by others who have investigated frozen specimens. β1A/β1C complement was shown to be preserved less satisfactorily by the method. The advantages of the method and precautions to be taken are discusse

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have studied the acid phosphatases in the plasma membrane fraction from baby hamster kidney cells (BHK21). The plasma membrane acid phosphatases utilized various monophosphates, including mononucleotides, and adenosine diphosphate but not adenosine triphosphate. They also had phosphotransferase activity with glycerol as acceptor. No requirement for magnesium was found. The acid phosphatases from the plasma membrane and lysosomal fractions were almost completely inhibited by fluoride and tartrate ions and to a smaller extent by sulphate ions. However the enzymes in the soluble fraction were much less sensitive to these inhibitors. In Triton disc electrophoresis the acid phosphatase banding pattern with 2‐glycerophosphate as substrate was found to be characteristic for the plasma membrane fraction. This pattern clearly differed from the banding patterns obtained with the lysosomal and soluble fraction

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Lp(a) lipoprotein from human plasma of Lp(a+) phenotype was isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation and Sepharose 2B gel filtration. The lipoprotein was found in the plasma fraction with a density of 1,05–1.12 g/ml, and had pre‐beta mobility in agarose clectrophoresis. The molecular weight was estimated by gel filtration to be 4.8–106and by electron microscopy to be 5.6–106. Electron micrographs of negatively stained Lp(a) lipoprotein showed a spherical structure. Electrofocusing gave an iso‐electric point of 4.9 for this lipoprotein and of 5.5 for the low density lipoproteins (LDL). In amino acid composition the Lp(a) lipoprotein differed from both LDL and high density lipoproteins (HDL), whereas in lipid composition it was similar to LDL. Both Lp(a) lipoprotein and LDL contained small amounts of sialolactosylceramide. The Lp(a) lipoprotein contained about five times more protein‐bound sialic acid than did LDL. The total lipid content of the Lp(a) lipoprotein was 1.8 mg lipid per mg protein; this is lower than the value for LDL but higher than t

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten individual human serum samples with high concentrations of monoclonal γG globulins neutralizing streptolysin O were examined with three oxygen‐labile bacterial haemo‐lysins, which are antigenically related to streptolysin O. The haemolysins studied were pneumolysin ofDiplococcus pneumoniae, tetanolysin ofClostridium tetani, and ø toxin ofGlostridium perfringens (= Cl. welchii). They were not inhibited to any appreciable extent by the human sera except in one of the thirty possible combinations. This exception was remarkable because the serum sample neutralized pneumolysin and streptolysin O equally well. The results are discussed in relation to the marked cross‐reactivity of immune sera from

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY