摘要:

Haemophilus aphrophiluswas recovered from blood cultures from a 52‐year‐old woman with septicaemic disease, including joint swelling and suspected endocarditis. The typical late and slight growth of the organism on bacteriological media is pointed

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The L‐phase variants of three bacteria were at least 100‐fold more susceptible to lysolecithin than their corresponding parents. Other bacteria, a yeast and protozoa were relatively resistant to lysolecithin although some bacteria, notably anaerobes, were particularly sensitive. It seems that some of the differences in sensitivity to lysolecithin may be accounted for, in part, by differences in the cholesterol content of the cell membranes and walls. Preliminary observations indicate that the infectivity of lipid‐containing viruses, i.e. influenza B virus andHerpesvirus hoministype 1, but not of non‐lipid‐containing viruses, i.e. an adenovirus and a rhinovirus, was diminished by lysolecithin treatment. The possibility that lysolecithin production might interfere with the isolation of L‐phase variants is discussed. Also considered is the possibility that the differential sensitivity of mycoplasmas and stable L‐phase variants to lysolecithin might provide a means of distinguishing

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A procedure for determination of the fatty acid and monosaccharide composition of bacterial whole cell preparations has been developed. Specific elution profiles of total fatty acids, hydroxy fatty acids and monosaccharides from 1–10 mg dry cells are obtained. The method is based on the following five steps: 1. Selective depolymerization of washed, lyophilized whole cells by treatment with HCl in anhydrous methanol. 2. Trifluoroacetylation of released and solubilized monomeric compounds. 3. Fractionation of the trifluoroacetylated methanolysate by an acetonitrile/hexane two phase solvent system. 4. Analyses of the fractions by gas‐liquid chromatography. 5. Peak identification by retention characteristics, selective extraction, reduction, and by mass spectrome

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Strains of “true neisseriae” (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. cinerea, N. flavescensand the rodshapedN. elongata), “false neisseriae” (N. catarrhalis, N. ovis, andN. caviae) and moraxellae (Moraxella nonliquefaciens, M. bovis, M. lacunata, M. osloensis, M. phenylpyrouvica, M. kingae, and the tentatively namedM. urethralis) were analysed for contents of fatty acids. Thirteen fatty acids were identified. Differences in relative amounts of these and additional unidentified components allowed separation, by numerical analysis, of the strains in groups corresponding to genetic affinities. Thus, “true” and “false neisseriae” formed two distinct groups. The fatty acid composition of the rodshapedN. elongatawas almost indistinguishable from that ofN. flavescens, whereas moraxellae in this respect generally resembled “false neisseriae”. Exceptions wereM. kingaeandM. urethralis, which both differed considerably from the other organisms studied. The utility of fatty acid analysis in identification of clinical isolates of these ba

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An account is given of isolation of DNA from mycobacteria. Mechanical disruption was carried out in a French pressure cell press, followed by isolation of DNA by means of Marmur's method. This DNA contained considerable amounts of polysaccharides which, however, could be removed by precipitation with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The degree of purity obtained and the GC contents are given.

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Strains of the generaMicrococcusandStaphylococcuswere examined for fatty acid content by gas‐liquid chromatography and the data analysed by a numerical procedure. The fatty acids rendered a clear‐cut distinction between the genera. Characteristic patterns were found forM. roseusandM. mucilaginosus. M. luteus, on the other hand, appeared more heterogeneous. The fatty acid patterns ofS. aureusandS. epidermidiswere overlapping,S. epidermidisbeing split into two clusters.S. saprophyticusappeared in a subcluster together with three coagulase negative staphyloco

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Borrelia merionesiandBorrelia recurrentiswere studied in the electron microscope by means of negative staining and sectioning techniques. The cells of the two species had similar morphology. The cells were regularly waved and had pointed ends. Each organism had two bundles of flagella, one bundle originating from each end of the cell and each bundle consisting of 15–20 flagella. The flagella were twined together with the cytoplasmic body and overlapped in the middle region of the cell. The dimensions and the structures of flagella isolated fromBorreliawere similar to the corresponding structures of flagella isolated from treponemes and gram‐positive bacteria. A model for the sequence of morphological changes observed during the division process ofBorreliais propo

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixteen temperature‐sensitive mutants were isolated from N‐methyl‐N'‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine treated Semliki Forest virus. Seven of the mutants were unable to synthesize virus specific RNA at the nonpermissive temperature (39° C) and were classified as RNA mutants; as evidenced by temperature shift‐up experiments they had defects only in early functions. Two mutants, designated RNA ±, made less virus specific RNA than the wild type virus. Six RNA+ mutants synthesized 42 S and 26 S RNA at 39° C in almost the same amounts and ratio as the wild type. Only one of them, ts‐3, was unable to form the viral 140 S nucleocapsid at the nonpermissive temperature. One of the RNA+ mutants, ts‐1, made a higher proportion of 42 S RNA, presumably at the expense of 26 S RNA, both at 27° C and at 39° C. The synthesis of 42 S RNA and 26 S RNA in the Semliki Forest and Sindbis wild type virus infected cells was temperature dependent. There was an increased synthesis of 42 S RNA compared to 26 S RNA at 39° C, the situation

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The protein A content of extracts of staphylococcal cells was estimated by the single radial immunodiffusion technique (Mancini technique) and by a haemagglutination test. The grouping ofS. aureusstrains according to protein A production using these methods was essentially similar to that based on their different affinity to FITC‐labelled immunoglobulins. High yields of protein A were obtained from staphylococcal cells which were harvested after growth on solid medium and extracted in 0.07 M phosphate buffer at pH 5.9 for 10 days at room temperature. The presence of sodium chloride (7.5 per cent) in the medium suppressed the formation of protein A. The immunogenic properties of both protein A producing strains and protein A were dependent on the presence or absence of serum (IgG) in the medium. Due to the complex formation between protein A and IgG, even highly purified protein A induced antibodies which reacted specifically with immunoglobulins when serum or blood had been present in the mediu

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Formalin treated cells of the protein A producing strain,Staphylococcus aureusCowan type 1, were suspended in whole serum of the following species: man, swine, horse, sheep and cow and then washed thoroughly. Immunization of rabbits with these cells, or with cells which had been grown on serum containing medium, gave rise to antibodies reacting specifically with immunoglobulins, above all of the IgG class. Antibodies to human IgG‐Fc were obtained when the staphylococci had been suspended in a solution of fragments from papain treated human myeloma IgG's. These antibodies showed no reaction with human IgM or IgA and only minor cross reactions with IgG from other specie

ISSN:0365-5563    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1974.tb02380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY