摘要:

An earlier study of more than 60KlebsiellaK‐polysaccharides in anti‐pneumococcal sera of many capsular types provided the impetus for the present work. With anti‐Klebsiellasera, some of these cross‐reactions are now shown to be reciprocal. In most instances in which several or many K‐substances precipitated antipneumococcal sera of a given type, these same K‐polysaccharides were cross‐reactive with one or more anti‐Klebsiellasera belonging to the same group. For example, the polysaccharides K1, 15, 24, 31, 39, 42, and 59 precipitated an equine antipneumococcal type X serum. Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide type X andKlebsiellapolysaccharides K15, 24, 31, 39, 42, and 59 precipitated one or both of the equine anti‐KlebsiellaK1 sera available. Similar results with anti‐Klebsiellarabbit sera to other K‐types show the validity of this approach in revealing hitherto unknown serological, and hence chemical, relationship

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01657.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunofluorescence investigations of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE plasma cells in tonsil biopsies from 52 children, most of whom were suffering from chronic tonsillitis and frequent acute exacerbations of tonsillitis, are presented. The most prominent finding was a lack of IgE fluorescing plasma cells in 60 per cent of patients. IgA plasma cells were absent in 30 per cent of the patients and in 25 per cent IgA as well as IgE plasma cells were absent.;

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01658.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nude mice suffering from congenital thymic aplasia will accept human malignant tumours. This study concerns the effect of grafting of neonatal thymus in nude mice subsequently transplanted with human malignant tumours serially grown in nude mice. Three different human tumours —a malignant melanoma, a Burkitt's lymphoma and an epidermoid carcinoma—were rejected by nude mice supposed to be fully immunologically competent following thymus grafting. The rejection process in its various stages was studied by transplanting the malignant melanoma to nude mice, still in the process of immunological reconstitution. There was a considerable variation in the development of immunological competence following thymus grafting. Rejection time varied from 14 to 132 days after thymus transplantation. The rejection process differed microscopically from a classical cell‐mediated immune response in a striking paucity of lymphocytes. A histological grading of the time course of the rejection process is set forth and discu

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Rabbit antiserum to A.fumigatusand sera from patients with and without aspergiilosis were tested for anti‐haemolysins, CFT antibodies, precipitins and haemagglutinins using extracts of homogenized, disrupted fungi as antigen preparations. The rabbit serum reacted in all 4 tests, while the human sera gave significant reactions in precipitation and tanned cell indirect haemagglutination (IHA) only. Of 9 human sera which gave precipitation in double diffusion in agar, only the 5 which were positive in IHA were from patients with definite aspergiilosis. Some sera precipitated extracts of fungi of other species, and even of other genera. IHA was the most sensitive and specific test. Results of phenol/water extraction of the lyophilizedA. fumigatusextracts, of gel filtration, and of preparative ultracentrifugation indicated that the sensitizing antigen in IHA was a precipitinogen of protein nature with a m.w. of approximately 150,000. The haemolysins in the extracts were probably phospholipase

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01660.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thein vitroproliferative responses of mouse thymus‐ and spleen cells against the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined after either 1) anti‐θ antiserum and complement, or 2) immunoadsorbent column fractionation. The responses before and after 1) and 2) were compared with the reduction or enhancement in the number of θ positive cells, EA:RFC or EAC: RFC:s. It was found that the PHA response both of thymus‐ and spleen cells was equal to or higher after Ig:anti‐Ig column fractionation, whereas it was very sensitive to treatment with anti‐θ antiserum and complement. The LPS response both of thymus‐ and spleen cells was very significantly reduced after Ig:anti‐Ig column fractionation, but on the other hand, the LPS response of spleen cells was somewhat reduced after anti‐θ antiserum and complement treatment. The Con A response of thymus‐ and spleen cells was very sensitive to anti‐9 antiserum and complement treatment, but in addition it was very significantly reduced after passage through Ig:anti‐Ig columns, even though the number of θ positive cells increased at least twice and the PHA response was increased. Possible reasons for the latter findings including 1) PHA and Con A stimulate different subpopulations of T cells or 2) a different requirement of adherent cells for the two T cell mitogenin vitror

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01661.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Islet amyloid concentrates containing a maximum of 50 per cent of amyloid fibrils as estimated by light microscopy were obtained from pancreases of patients with maturity onset diabetes mellitus. When centrifuged, the amyloid did not form a top layer as do most other amyloids, but was found in the bottom layer. This phenomenon and the difficulty in dissolving islet amyloid seemed to be due to inability to separate the amyloid fibrils from each other. In SDS electrophoresis, one or two weak bands corresponding to a molecular weight of about 3000–4000 daltons were observed, but most of the material did not enter the poly‐acrylamide gels. Spectrophotometrically, no tryptophane and almost no tyrosine were demonstrated. It is concluded that the major islet amyloid protein differs fundamentally from other characterized amyloid proteins and, probably together with amyloid of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, forms a new class of amyloid prote

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thein vitroeffect of a number of drugs on human peripheral blood leucocyte migration and migration inhibitory factors produced by lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A was studied. Using the indirect leucocyte migration agarose technique, migration was not influenced by cyclophosphamide, diethylstilbestrol or puromycin. Theophylline (2 μg/ml) marginally inhibited, and methylprednisolone (2.5 μg/ml) markedly stimulated, cell migration under agarose. Production of leucocyte migration inhibitory activity (‐LMIA) was inhibited by theophylline (20 and 200 μg/ml) and abolished by methylprednisolone (2.5 μg/ml), cyclophosphamide (2.5 and 25 μg/ml), diethylstilbestrol (0.01 μg/ml) and puromycin (0.1 to 10 μg/ml). The influence of LMIA on migrating cells was inhibited by puromycin (1 and 10 μg/ml) and by high concentrations of diethylstilbestrol (0

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A method for the routine determination of human antibodies to staphylococcal α‐toxin (antistaphylolysin, ASTA), performed as a reversed single radial immunodiffusion, is presented. The sera to be tested are allowed to diffuse into a staphylolysin‐containing gel. A second gel containing rabbit erythrocytes is poured on top of the first gel and, after diffusion of free staphylolysin, the zones of inhibited hemolysis are measured. The method was compared with the conventional tube‐dilution method and the correlation coefficient (r) was found to b

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) chronically infected with mucoidP. aeruginosa, twelve CF patients withoutP. aeruginosainfection, and ten normal controls have been examined for humoral and cellular immune responses againstP. aeruginosaby means of crossed immuno‐electrophoresis, the lymphocyte blast transformation test, the leucocyte migration agarose test and an intracutaneous test. In addition toP. aeruginosaantigens, the cellular immune response to plant mitogens,E. coli, C. albicansand tuberculin was examined. Compared with the other two groups, CF patients chronically infected with mucoidP. aeruginosapresented significantly changed laboratory parameters indicating inflammatory reactions and humoral hyperimmuniza‐tion. The results show that neither of the two groups of CF patients suffered from severe generalized immunodeficiency. However, in contrast to the pronouncedhumoralimmune response againstP. aeruginosain chronically infected CF patients, thecellularimmune response againstP. aeruginosawas not significantly changed as compared with the two other groups of patients. The intracutaneous test withP. aeruginosashowed a marked difference between the groups of patients: In all chronically infected CF patients, a typical weal and flare reaction occurred, but such a reaction was not observed in the other groups of patients. No humoral or cellular immune response against mucoid substance fromP. aeruginosawas fo

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel, paired 24‐h samples of sputum and sera from 19 patients with cystic fibrosis have been examined for the occurrence of precipitins againstPseudomonas aeruginosa. Saliva from 9 of the patients was subject to similar analyses. A total of 50 precipitins was found in fifteen of the sputa and 296 precipitins were found in 18 of the sera. Fourteen of the patients had precipitins in sputum as well as in serum; one patient had a precipitin in sputum, but none in serum; and 4 had precipitins in serum, but not in sputum. All the precipitins in sputa could be identified and quanti‐tated in relation to the reference system and, in this way, 16 different precipitins were found in the sputa. If present in sputum, titres of these precipitins were nearly always found to be lower in sputum than those of the corresponding precipitin in serum from one and the same patient. One of the precipitins was, however, found in 8 of the sputa, but not in the corresponding sera. There was a positive correlation between the number of precipitins per sputum and between titre of the strongest precipitins and number of precipitins per serum. Pseudomonas antigens wefe demonstrated in 3 of the sputa. Saliva from the patients contained rarely precipit

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY