摘要:

The capacity of mouse spleen fragments to mount an anti‐NIP (4‐hydroxy‐5‐iodo‐3‐nitrophenylacetyl) responsein vitrowas studied. The fragments came from unprimed, NIP‐Ficoll (polymer of sucrose and epichlorhydrin) or NIP‐CG (chicken globulin) primed mice. Unprimed spleen fragments from C57BL/6 mice gave a good anti‐NIP response to NIP‐Ficoll, whereas CBA fragments did not. Priming with NIP‐Ficoll made CBA fragments responsive and enhanced slightly the response of C57BL/6 fragments when stimulated with the same antigen. This memory effect could be seen only after a small priming dose. Priming the mice with NIP‐Ficoll made their spleen fragments responsive to a protein conjugate of NIP (NIP‐CG), but this effect was seen only after priming with a high dose. The antibody class distribution and the kinetics of the appearance of different immunoglobulin classes were similar in the primary and secondary responsesin vitro.The peak responses of IgM, IgA and IgG were reached on day eight and the relative amount of IgG was the same in the primary and in the secondary responses. Spleen fragments derived from NIP‐CG primed mice produced more IgG anti‐NIP antibodies than fragments derived from untreated mice when immunizedin vitrowith NIP‐Ficoll. The amount of IgG was, however, much higher when these fragments were challenged with

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prevalence of antibodies against synthetic ACTH preparations and porcine gamma globulin was investigated in 29 asthmatic patients, in 28 rheumatic patients, and in 63 normal subjects of both sexes. Agglutinating antibodies were examined by a passive haemagglutination test and IgE antibodies by a radio‐immuno assay. The incidence of agglutinating reactions against Synacthén® and porcine gamma globulin was significantly higher in the asthmatic and rheumatic groups than in the group of normal subjects. Titres were generally low, attaining supposedly pathological levels (≥ 1/200) in about 10 per cent of the asthmatic patients and in 20‐40 per cent of the rheumatic patients. In asthmatic patients, the incidence of ACTH specific IgE was higher than that in the normal group. This difference was not statistically significant in patients on routine treatment but it became satistically significant after ACTH booster treatment. In rheumatic patients the incidence of IgE antibodies against ACTH was significantly lower than that in the normal group. The incidence of agglutinating antibodies against vaso‐pressin in asthmatic and rheumatic patients was also increased as compared with that in normal subjects and the titres were positively correlated to those aga

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Smooth‐muscle antibodies (SMA) of the IgG and IgM class in titres of 10 to 80 were demonstrated in 19 of 38 patients with acute hepatitis (50 per cent). No IgA‐SMA were detected. IgM‐SMA occurred in the beginning of the disease, while IgG‐SMA were found both early and late in the course of disease. There was no correlation between the occurrence of SMA and the biochemical liver parameters or the mode of exposure to infection, but IgM‐SMA were found more often in the first serum sample obtained from patients without hepatitis‐B‐associated antigen (HBAg) than in HBAg‐positive patients (p1+ p2= 0.04) and it is suggested that hepatitis virus A more readily than hepatitis virus B can elicit the formation of SMA. The mean PHA‐induced lymphocyte‐transformation response was significantly lower in hepatitis patients than in the controls (0.02>p>0.01). The lymphocyte‐transformation response to a low PHA dose (1 μg per ml) was lower in hepatitis patients without SMA than in those with SMA (0.10>p>0.05). SMA were not found in 28 control persons, and the incidence of tissue antibodies other than SMA did not differ in hepatitis

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The conformity of the immunoprecipitate pattern obtained with a polyvalentPseudomonas aeruginosaantigen (St‐Ag) and different pools of a polyvalent, purified (IgG and IgA) rabbit antiserum (St‐Ab) against St‐Ag has been studied. Ten rabbits were immunized and bled every fifth week. Eight pools of St‐Ab were produced during nearly four years. All the St‐Ab pools were mutually compared by means of quantitative immuno‐electrophoretic methods. All St‐Ab pools were found to present St‐Ag/St‐Ab immunoprecipitate patterns which, qualitatively and quantitatively, were similar. None of the obtained immunoprecipitates between St‐Ag and the pooled antisera disappeared during the procedures of purification of IgG and IgA. Quantitative and qualitative comparison of the polyvalent St‐Ab pools (“titre”) was made by counting the total number of immunoprecipitates obtained by St‐Ag, followed by their identification, and by calculating the mean area of 12 selected and representative immunoprecipitate. The abilities of the rabbits to produce antibodies were found to vary individually. None of the rabbits produced precipitating antibodies against all the 64 knownP. aeruginosaantigens in St‐Ag. On the average, each of the rabbits lacked precipitating antibodies against 5 of the antigens. By pooling antisera from 3 rabbits out of 8 only 14 per cent of the possible combinations would contain detectable precipitins against al

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The stability of a polyvalentPseudomonas aeruginosaantigen (St‐Ag) was analysed under different experimental conditions by quantitative immunoelectrophoretic methods. St‐Ag did not undergo proteolytic degradation by plasmin which is present in the corresponding polyvalent rabbit antiserum (St‐Ab) against St‐Ag. Storage at —30°C for up to 4 years caused no qualitative changes in St‐Ag and, after 1 year, only minor quantitative changes could be revealed. Repeated thawing and freezing caused no changes in St‐Ag whereas storage at 4°C, or at room temperature, caused gradual degradation of most of the antigens of St‐Ag, beginning after 1 week. Heating up to 40°C for 2 min did not change St‐Ag, but heating for longer periods of time or at higher temperatures gradually destroyed most of the antigens of St‐Ag. The most thermostable antigen in St‐Ag was number 37 which is related to the g

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When 2‐mercaptoethanol (2‐ME) is added to human mixed leukocyte cultures at the beginning of the culture period, only a very weak effect is seen. When 2‐ME is added after a few days' culture, a marked enhancement of cellular transformation occurs. 2‐ME can also enhance the effect of blastogenic factor (BF) containing media and it is possible that this effect depends on a stabilization or protection of BF preventing the break‐down of BF in cellula

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tryptic digests of acid‐treated Fc from normal human IgG were separated into four peaks (I‐IV) by gel filtration on Sephadex G‐100. The second peak was further divided into two fractions (II and II'). Peak I was indistinguishable from intact Fc on electrophoresis, immunodiffusion, and reactivity to protein A. The protein A reactive fragments of fractions II, II', and III were shown to contain antigenic determinants of both the CH2 and CH3 domains, to interact with the anti‐Gm (1) specific rheumatoid factor, and to fix complement. These results, together with SDS‐electrophoresis, showed that protein A reactive fragments are all composed of an intact Fc chain with shorter chains covalently linked to it. The protein A non‐reactive fragments of fractions II' and III were homogeneous, fixed complement and showed no interaction with the Gm (1) rheumatoid factor. These results, in addition to the observed antigenic determinants, localized the fragments to the

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirteen patients with renal carcinoma were examined for tumour‐directed, cell‐mediated hypersensitivity (TCMH) by means of the leucocyte migration technique, and for general immunocompetence (GIC) by means of quantitation of T‐ and B‐cells in peripheral blood and studies of lymphocyte transformationin vitrousing a panel of antigens and mitogens. Eight out of 13 patients had evidence of TCMH, six out of 13 had abnormal GIC. Any correlation between the presence of TCMH and normal/abnormal GIC was not found. There was a trend towards a positive correlation between the absence of distant metastases and evidence of TCMH. If both TCMH and GIC were considered, significant correlation between the presence of distant metastases, lack of TCMH and/or abnormal GIC was demonstrated. It is concluded that the defect TCMH usually found in patients with renal carcinoma and disseminated disease cannot be explained exclusively by defects

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of nitrogen mustard on the function of human blood monocytes and lymphocytes culturedin vitro, was studied. After a single invitroexposure to the drug at culture start, an inhibition of the survival of non‐proliferating mononuclear phagocytes was observed. No immediate cytotoxic effect was registered. Nitrogen mustard given in therapeutic doses to patients with malignant lymphogranulomatosis did not reduce the survival of mononuclear phagocytes cultured at different times after the administration of the drug. Key words: Mononuclear blood cells; nitrogen mustar

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human mononuclear phagocytes were exposed to aurothiomalate in various concentrations and at various stages in the diferentiation from monocytes to macrophagesin vitro.Monocytes exposed to aurothiomalate during the first 90 minutes of culture showed impaired engulfment capacity when tested 8 days after the exposure to the drug. It was found that aurothiomalate suppressed the digestion capacity in differentiated macrophages while the engulfment capacity was unaffected by the drug. During the period of differentiation from 90 minutes to 8 days of culture, exposure to aurothiomalate resulted in a dose dependent reduction in cell survival and differentiation. The effect of aurothiomalate on the blastoid transformation of lymphocytes following BCG stimulation was also tested. A strong and dose dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis was recorded. The inhibition of phagocytosis in mononuclear phagocytes and the inhibition of antigen‐induced lymphocyte stimulation as demonstrated may help to explain the effect of aurothiomalate in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Key words: Mononuclear phagocytes; lymphocytes; effect of aurothiomalate;in vitr

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY