摘要:

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), the corresponding antibody (anti‐HBs), the antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc), and the cellular immune response to purified HBsAg (leucocyte migration inhibition test: LMT‐HBsAg) were determined in 19 staff members, 11 long‐term haemodialysis patients, and 22 renal transplant patients in a haemodialysis‐renal transplantation unit. Past or present infection, as expressed by the presence of circulating anti‐HBsor HBsAg, was found in 30 cases (58 per cent) (11 staff members, six dialysis patients and 13 transplant patients). Anti‐HBcwas found in all the ten HBsAg positive cases‐all patients‐and in 15 out of 20 anti‐HBspositive cases. Four staff members and seven patients had positive LMT‐HBsAg; of these only one patient had HBsAg, whereas seven cases had anti‐HBs. Neither the antibody determination nor the leucocyte migration inhibition assay disclosed any significant difference between patients and staff which could explain the different course of the hepatitis B virus infe

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03661.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy hairy cells were demonstrated in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen of a patient with hairy cell leukemia. Immunofluorescent tests revealed IgD on the surface of 92 per cent, IgG on 76 per cent, IgM on 12 per cent and albumin on 95 per cent of the cells from the spleen. After overnight culture, IgG and albumin were detected on 4 and 6 per cent of the cells respectively, while the number of IgD and IgM positive cells persisted. Fifty‐two per cent of the hairy cells formed rosettes with erythrocytes sensitized with IgG antibodies (EA), whereas 70 per cent formed rosettes after trypsin and protease treatment. The hairy cells did not form rosettes with erythrocytes sensitized with IgM antibodies and complement (EAC), or with sheep and mouse erythrocytes. Cryostat sections of spleen strongly adsorbed EA, whereas no adsorption occurred with EAC or sheep erythrocytes. The hairy cells did not phagocytize latex particles or ingest a strain of yellow staphylococci. The results suggest that hairy cells from this patient probably were of B‐lymphocyte ori

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An improved skin chamber technique has been developed for the study of localized leucocyte mobilization (LLM). Uniform “windows” of denuded dermis were produced by a suction device applied to the forearm skin, eliciting delineated areas of epidermal separation by blister formation. The acellular blister fluid, roof and basement membrane were removed, and the blister base was covered with a rubber chamber containing autologous serum as leucocyte attractant. Duplicate chambers were harvested at prescribed intervals during the first 24 hours. In 15 healthy individuals, virtually no cells were observed after 2 hours, a median of 1.9 × 106after 4 hours, increasing to 3.8 × 107after 24 hours. Subnormal LLM was demonstrated in three of seven patients with severe bacterial infections and in three of seven leukaemia patients. LLM was normal in eight patients with other malignancies. Ninety to 98 per cent of the cells were polymorphonuclear neutrophils and less than 1 per cent were erythrocytes. In the chamber neutrophils, vacuolization of the cytoplasm was prominent, bactericidal capacity reduced and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction increased, thus indicating functional derangement of emigrated cells compared to peripheral blood neutrophils. Simplicity and good reproducibility should make this method a valuable tool in the study of leucocyte migr

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An MLC reaction inhibiting serum from a grand‐multiparous woman (16 successful pregnancies) is described. The serum producer had the HLA antigens A3;Bw35/Aw19;B18;Dw2 and her husband the antigens A28;Bw35/Aw19;B18;Dw2, and they responded to each other in one‐way MLC. The serum had the following characteristics: (1) it inhibited many but not all donors as stimulators in MLC; (2) it usually inhibited these same donors as responders in MLC, but clearly to a lesser degree and with a much lower titre; (3) the inhibition of the stimulating function followed HLA haplotypes in families, and seemed to have HLA‐D associated specificity, inhibiting HLA‐Dw3 and Dw6 homozygous but not HLA‐Dw2 or Dw4 homozygous cells as stimulators; (4) it inhibited more strongly the PWM and PPD responses than the MLC responses of relevant cells; (5) the IgG fraction of the serum had characteristics similar to the non‐fractionated serum; (6) the inhibitory effect on MLC reactions and PWM and PPD responses was not absorbable by specific red blood cells or platelets, but could be removed or diminished by specific lymphocytes; (7) the serum was not cytotoxic in the complement‐dependent test against non‐fractionated mononuclear cells or enriched B‐lymphocytes. The findings and the possible biological and clinical significance of human la‐like antib

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We studied the elimination from rabbit circulation of soluble immune complexes made with staphylococcal protein A and rabbit IgG. Inin vivoexperiments the complexes were cleared from the circulation by the liver and spleen. In the saline perfused isolated liver there was rapid uptake of protein A‐IgG complexes which indicated that the elimination of these complexes by fixed tissue macrophages may occur independent of complement component

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Trypsin inhibitor from sow colostrum was isolated by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE‐Sephadex A‐50 followed by gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G‐100 and affinity chromatography. Antiserum against sow colostrum trypsin inhibitor was produced by immunization with the purified inhibitor, and made specific by absorption with normal porcine serum. The specific antiserum was used for immunoquantitation by single radial immunodiffusion (SRI). In sow colostrum whey, good agreement was found between the results obtained by SRI and the total trypsin‐inhibiting activity as determined by radial diffusion in a casein‐containing agarose gel (r = 0.97, n = 10). In sow's milk there was only a very low inhibiting activity, and no colostral inhibitor was demonstrable by SRI. Also in baby‐pig urine agreement was found between the two methods (r = 0.97, n = 14). In baby‐pig serum such an agreement was not seen, undoubtedly because of the presence of genuine serum trypsin inhibitors. By the SRI technique it is possible specifically to determine the colostral inhibitor even in the presence of other tryps

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The rate of the binding of free secretory component to an IgA dimerin vitrowas studied by high‐voltage gel electrophoresis at different times after mixing. The rate of the formation of the covalent component of the interaction (i.e. the disulphide interchange reaction) was monitored separately by denaturing the proteins in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride at different times after mixing and subsequently estimating the amount of covalently bound secretory component by gel chromatography in the denaturing solvent. The rates of the two reactions could not be distinguished in experiments at 37° or 20° C. At 4° C., however, secretory component bound to the IgA dimer almost as rapidly as at higher temperatures, while the rate of the disulphide interchange was considerably lower. This indicates that the noncovaient interactions are the primary type of bonds formed between secretory component and IgA, and that the formation of these bonds initiate the disulphide interchange reaction, the rate of which is highly dependent on tempera

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies of IgG, IgA and IgM in serum, the number of circulating T‐ and B‐cells, and the number of Ig‐containing blast cells after pokeweed mitogen stimulation of peripheral lymphocytesin vitrowere performed in children who had been found previously to have low IgA levels in serum and saliva. The first group comprises 24 children with tonsillectomy performed approximately 31/2 years earlier, among whom several cases of atopic diseases had been found. In these children, low IgA levels were found continuously, while the numbers of B‐ and T‐cells and the number of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE‐containing blast cells were within normal levels. The second group comprises 28 children with recurrent and chronic respiratory infections, which often preceded attacks of asthma. Very low IgA levels were found in these children associated with a decreased number of T‐cells, increased numbers of lymphocytes with membrane bound IgA and IgE and an increased number of IgE‐containing blast cells. The third group comprises 20 children with severe extrinsic asthma, In these children, slightly decreased levels of IgA and low levels of IgM were found. Furthermore, the number of circulating T‐cells was reduced and, in addition, an increased number of lymphocytes with surface

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antilymphocyte antibody (ALA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied using an indirect immunofluorescent technique with air‐dried, acetone‐fixed lymphocytes. Ninety‐four per cent of patients with SLE and 65 per cent of their relatives had ALA. The ALA response in SLE patients involved antibodies of all classes. However, the ALA in their relatives was primarily of the IgM class. Restriction of the class of ALA in asymptomatic relatives is analogous to that seen with anti‐RNA antibodies and suggests that the switch to production of autoantibodies of the IgG class may be important in the pathogenesis

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03669.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study shows passive transfer of streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in mice. Transplants of spleen cells from BALB/c mice, streptozotocin treated for 5 days, induced diabetes in normal BALB/c recipients. Treatment of transplants with anti‐theta and complement resulted in a significant decrease in the degree of diabetes. Athymic nude mouse recipients of BALB/c background also developed diabetes after transplant of spleen cells from both syngenic and allogeneic (C57/B1/6) donors. It is concluded that passive transfer of chemically induced diabetes in mice is practicable, in both syngeneic and allogeneic combinations, and that thymus derived lymphocytes are significant in this proces

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03670.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY