摘要:

The results presented indicate that the three main peptide parts of bovine encephalitogenic protein (BEP) cross‐react when examined by the macrophage migration inhibition test in guinea pigs and the lymph node cell transformation test in rabbits: 1. Guinea pigs were immunized with peptide 43—88 of BEP and the capillary migration of peritoneal cells from these animals was examined in the presence of the intact protein or various peptide fragments derived from the latter. The complete protein and peptides 1–42 and 92–169 were all capable of inhibiting cell migration, but none of these antigens were as efficient as the immunizing agent (peptide 43–88). 2. Lymph node cells from rabbits sensitized with peptide 1–42, 43–88, or 92—169 were examined using the lymphoid cell transformation test. Cells from animals immunized with any one region always showed a substantial degree of transformation also when stimulated by peptides covering the other two regions of the protein, but the immunizing peptide consistently showed a transforming effect better than that of the other two peptides. 3. Control experiments showed that contamination of the immunizing peptide with other parts of the protein could not explain the observed cross‐reactivity between the three ma

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01621.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

IgM from 7 sera of patients with macroglobulinemia has been examined for interaction with staphylococcal protein A. Three of the IgM proteins were fixed to a protein A‐Sepharose column. They gave a direct co‐precipitation and the “star‐phenomenon”, but no direct precipitation in agar. The primary protein A reactive sites were localized to the Fc‐region, but co‐precipitation and “star”‐formation were also dependent on other molecular configurations. Two of the sera examined contained both protein A reactive and protein A non‐reactive I

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01622.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eleven thrombocytopenic members of a large family with sex‐linked hereditary thrombocyto‐penia were studied. Routine immunological investigation revealed little evidence of immune deficiency, but abnormal results were obtained in studies of thein vitroblast transformation response of the patients lymphocytes. Impaired responses to microbial antigens were observed in all patients thus studied, whereas a decreased response to mitogens was observed in only one patient. Of the non‐thrombocytopenic family members, approximately half showed subnormal responses to one microbial extract. These results, taken together with the increased incidence of infections in the thrombocytopenic patients, indicate the necessity for immunological scrutiny of patients with hereditary thrombocytopenia, in particular when splenectomy is consi

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A reaction is described between some streptococci and IgA myeloma proteins; most streptococci showed low affinity for IgA myeloma proteins, with the exception of group A, type M 4 and two freshly isolated group A streptococci; they took up 40 to 50 per cent of 1 μg125I labelled IgA myeloma protein added. Addition of similar amounts of unlabelled IgA and IgG myeloma proteins showed no cross inhibition between uptake of IgG and IgA. Heat‐ and trypsin treatment of the streptococci did not reveal any differences in IgA and IgG reactivity. The uptake of one125I labelled IgA myeloma protein was inhibited uniformely by four randomly selected unlabelled IgA myeloma proteins. Thus, the uptake of125I labelled IgA myeloma protein seems to be independent from the specificity of the antibody combining sit

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibodies to IgA were detected in two males with hypogammaglobulinaemia. The antibodies were demonstrated to belong to the IgG class. In both patients low serum levels of IgG and IgM but no IgA were found. On two occasions one of the patients reacted with severe side reactions within a few seconds after an intramuscularly given injection of gammaglobulin. The other patient had received monthly intramuscular injections of gammaglobulin over a period of 2 years when the anti‐IgA antibodies first appeared and has since then been regularly treated for 1 1/2 years without any signs of adverse reactions. In five additional patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia and side reactions after i.m. injections of gammaglobulin no antibodies to IgA, IgG or Gm‐determinants were detec

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Endotoxin, added to normal human neutrophils in the presence of serum, simultaneously with the addition ofStaphylococcus aureus,caused stimulation of ingestion as well as intracellular killing of the bacteria in doses ranging from 0.1 to 1000 μg endotoxin per ml. Stimulation of ingestion was also induced by simultaneous addition of complex microbial antigens, heat‐killed bacteria, and precipitating as well as soluble human serum albumin (HSA)/anti‐HSA complexes. On the other hand, inhibition of intracellular killing could be induced when the leucocytes were pre‐incubated with endotoxin or precipitating HSA/anti‐HSA complexes. High doses of complex microbial antigens, particularly in the presence of immune serum containing multiple specific precipitating antibodies, resulted in inhibition of intracellular killing after pre‐incubation as well as by simultaneous addition to the neutrophils with the bacteria. It is suggested that the functional changes, induced by endotoxin and by microbial antigens, are secondary to ingestion of immune complexes. These changes are, however, not as pronounced as those previously demonstrated in circulating neutrophils from patients with severe bacterial infection. Direct interaction of endotoxin or microbial antigens with the neutrophils in vivo, is not solely responsible for the functional changes seen in patients with severe bacterial infection, but prolonged exposure of the neutrophils to such agentsin vivo,may add to the killing defect observ

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01626.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Common enterobacterial antigen (CA) and type‐specificE. coliO‐antigen were studied in rat peritoneal macrophages by means of immunofluorescence technique. At different time intervals after intraperitoneal injection of killed or viableE. coliO4, macrophages were harvested from the peritoneal fluid and the number of macrophages in which CA orE. coliO4‐antigen, respectively, could be demonstrated was recorded. During the first few days, equal numbers of peritoneal macrophages were found to contain CA andE. coliO4‐antigen, but on days 7—14 and onwards during the remaining experiment, i.e. throughout 8 weeks, CA was detected in fewer macrophages thanE. coliO4‐antigen, indicating a lesser degree of persistence of CA than of E. coli O4‐antigen in the macrophages after phagocytosis of the bacteria. The results correspond with those previously obtained in experimental pyeloneph

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In rats, protracted administration of methylprednisolone at high dose levels 1) increased the number of circulating PMN in germfree, monocontaminated (withEscherichia coli) and conventional rats. This drug‐induced increase was more than doubled in the presence of microorganisms, as compared to germfree rats. 2) reduced the number of circulating lymphocytes more strongly in germfree rats than in monocontaminated and conventional rats. Protracted administration of azathioprine at high dose levels 1) reduced the number of circulating PMN in conventional rats, but not in germfree and monocontaminated rats. 2) did not affect the lymphocyte count at the dose level 40 mg per kg per day in any of the three groups of animals investigate

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A glycoprotein possessing blood‐group and virus haemagglutination inhibition activity was isolated from the saliva of donors of blood groups A and B. The glycoprotein was subjected to amino acid analysis and tested for alkali stability and the presence of sulphate. No definite differences in‐the amino acid composition between the blood groups A and B could be found. The salivary glycoprotein was alkali stable and contained a substantial amount of sulphate. The results were compared with reported properties of blood‐group substances obtained from erythrocytes and ovarian cyst mat

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunodiffusipn studies demonstrated 7–8 precipitinogenic factors in strains ofVibrio cholerae,almost all of which were shared by bacteria of the Inaba and the Ogawa serotype. The endo‐. toxin was shown to contain type‐specific as well as cross‐reactive (group‐specific) precipitinogenic determinants. Quantitative inhibition studies by several techniques showed, however, that both homologous and heterologous endotoxin (purified lipopolysaccharide, LPS, with 10–15 per cent nonseparable protein) could give complete antibody inhibition, but for the same degree of inhibition 3‐ to 43‐fold more of the heterologous than of the homologous LPS was needed. By affinity chromatography using columns with LPS coupled to Sepharose beads, it was possible to purify antibodies againstV. choleraeLPS and to separate the antibodies against the group‐specific and the type‐specific endotoxin determinants. Studies by the small bowel loop technique in rabbits showed that antisera and purified anti‐endotoxin antibodies protected against both homologous and serotype heterologous experimental cholera. Antibodies to the type‐specific endotoxin determinant protected only against homologous infection, whereas the purified group‐specific antibodies gave increased resistance against infection with both Inaba and Ogawa bacteria. Subcutaneous immunization of rabbits with formalin‐killed vibrios induced a significant level of immunity against homologous infection. Some protection against the heterologous serotype was also observed, which however, was of less magnitude t

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY