摘要:

The applicability of a complement consumption assay as a means by which to detect IgG aggregates and immune complexes in serum was examined. Both heavy (≥19S) and intermediate (11‐17S) IgG aggregates were detected and the sensitivity of the assay was ≥10 μgaggregated IgG/ml. BSA anti‐BSA complexes, formed in slight antibody excess, were detected at a BSA concentration of 200 ng/ml. NHS stored at 4°C for ≥2‐3 weeks or at ‐20°C for more than 3 months developed distinct anticomplementarity (AC). This background AC, due to IgG aggregate formation, was reduced by heating the serum at 56°C for 50 min prior to testing. A similar reduction of AC and Clq fixation was observed when IgG aggregated at 61°C or 63°C was heated further at 56°C for 50 min. The abatement of AC could not be correlated to a change in IgG aggregation size. In contrast, AC of preformed antigen‐antibody complexes was not reduced

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) and humoral mediated immunity (HMI) against streptococcal and adult human oral mucosa (AHOM) antigens were investigated in patients with inactive and active recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The CMI and HMI were examined by means of the leucocyte migration test (LMT) and a double layer immunofluorescence (IF) technique. The CMI againstStreptococcus sanguisstrain 2A,Streptococcus pyogenesstrain M5, and AHOM was significantly increased in inactive and active RAS. Significant difference between active and inactive RAS was only demonstrated when Strep. 2A was used as antigen in the leucocyte migration cultures. Longitudinal observations in relation to exacerbation of RAS revealed significant changes in the migration indices (MI) when Strep. 2A and AHOM were used as antigens. Extracts of Strep. M5 and other tissues as kidney and uterus did not show any significant changes of MI in relation to the exacerbation of RAS. The IF‐investigations detected significantly raised IgG antibodies against washed whole cells ofStreptococcus sanguisstrain 2A andStreptococcus pyogenesstrain M5 in sera from patients with RAS. The auto‐antibodies in RAS belonged to the immunoglobulin classes IgG and IgM. The detected antibodies were able to bind serum complement (C3). The distribution of endpoint titres (EPT) against Strep. 2A, Strep. M5, and AHOM antigens did not differ significantly in patients with active RAS in relation to those with inactive RAS. Furthermore, the EPT against Strep. 2A and AHOM were not significantly changed in relation to exacerbation of RAS. The present investigations show that CMI and HMI against streptococcal and AHOM antigens are characteristic features of RAS and indicate that the CMI against Strep. 2A and AHOM is significantly increased in relation to exacerbation o

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human adipose tissue was transplanted to the mouse mutant nude (nu/nu). All the grafts were accepted and contained fat cells easily distinguishable from those of the mouse. No detectable relation between the histological pictures before and after grafting was found. In some transplants nerve tissue, and in others macrophages containing fat droplets, were found. The fattissue graft might be useful for investigation of the influence of various hormones on human fat cells.

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE in serum and of IgG, IgA and IgM in saliva were performed in 52 children undergoing tonsillectomy. The results revealed that levels of IgA in serum and saliva in the patients were significantly reduced as compared with levels in age‐ and sex‐related healthy controls (p<0.001 and<0.025 repectively). Recovery of beta‐haemolytic streptococci andHaemophilus influenzaefrom the removed tonsils was also well correlated with low IgA in serum (p<0.01). A considerable lack of IgA fluorescing plasma cells in tonsillar tissue demonstrated in an earlier study of the same patients was consistent with carriage of beta‐haemolytic streptococci andHaemophilus influenzae(p<0.01). The significant decrease in serum‐ and saliva IgA was only found among the youngest patients in this study. The hypothesis is raised that the decreased level of saliva IgA influences the increased tendency at pathogenic bacteria to adhere to and colonize on the tonsil mucosa, and furthermore, the lack of IgA plasma cells in the tonsils supports the view that IgA prevents penetratation of microorganisms through the epithelial surface, secondarily establishing an acute inflammation of th

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of a known diabetogenic M‐strain encephalomyocarditis(EMC)‐virus in athymic nude mice (lacking the thymus‐dependent lymphocyte system), and in heterozygous littermates and homozygous normal mice of the background strain (C57/B16) was investigated. While by 3 weeks 4 out of 4 surviving virus‐inoculated littermates and 9 out of 9 inoculated normal mice developed diabetes mellitus, none of the 7 surviving virus‐inoculated nude mice became diabetic. Virus was isolated from all inoculated animals, including non‐diabetic nude mice. It is concluded that it is the response of the thymus‐dependent lymphocyte system evoked by the virus rather than the virus itself that leads to damage to the insulin p

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A case of hyperacute rejection of a kidney allograft is described in relation to the clinical, patho‐anatomical, and immunological findings. An 18‐year‐old male was allotransplanted for the third time with a necrokidney from an unrelated HLA‐A and B, full house identical and bloodgroup ABO identical donor. Serological crossmatches performed with recipient sera harvested before and after transplantation were negative. In spite of this, the kidney suffered hyperacute rejection according to clinical and patho‐anatomical criteria. The cellular, complement independent cytolytic capacity of recipient lymphocytes drawn before and after transplantation against donor lymphocytes was tested by the directCellMediatedLympholysis (CML) test. This test was positive 24 hours after transplantation, whereas it had been negative before this. Lymphocytolysis was enhanced by inactivated recipient serum harvested before and after transplantation. These findings suggest that hyperacute rejection of a kidney allograft may be ascribed to presensitized, not necessarily circulating, effector lymphocytes either alone, or in concert with antibody (ies) not disclosed by conventional cros

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The quantitative distribution of the lymphocyte subpopulations (B, T and null) and the serum concentrations of Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin (HCS), immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA, complement component C4 and C1 inactivator, were estimated in venous blood samples from 32 women at various stages of pregnancy and compared with a control series of 7 non‐pregnant normal women. A significant decline in the B cell percentage during pregnancy was seen. The fall in the percentage of the B lymphocytes was found to be concomitant with the rise in HCS concentration. No significant changes in the other parameters studied were presen

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

B1‐anti‐B2andB2‐anti‐B1allo‐antisera were raised by i.v. immunization of homozygousB1/1andB2/2chickens, respectively, withB1/2cells of the following sources: peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL), erythrocytes, thymus cells and bursa cells. Purified suspensions of these all produced anti‐B allo‐antibodies which could both haemagglutinate red blood cells and strongly inhibit the GVH reactivity of blood lymphocytes of the original donor type. Absorption studies of the sera using cells of the same four sources showed that they could all completely remove the GVH inhibitory antibodies. A fact of particular importance is that B‐haplotype determined antigens which are common to erythrocytes and lymphocytes seem to include the gene products of the allo‐aggression locus, as earlier defi

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Heterotopic grafting of split allogeneic mouse hearts across a strong H‐2 barrier (A/Sn → A.CA) was used in a study of alloantibody or F(ab')2induced enhancement. Strong specific binding of alloantibodies occurred in the graft. A marked synergistic effect on graft survival was observed after combined treatment of recipients with enhancing serum and prednisone. The highly dose‐dependent enhancing effect of F(ab')2was also strongly potentiated by supporting prednisone treatment.In vitropre‐incubation of the heart tissue with alloantiserum or F(ab')2did not prolong graft survival; in contrast, C‐mediated damage of the graft was suggested when serum

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The co‐precipitation called “star‐phenomenon” occurred between the three component system: protein A, an IgG forming soluble complexes with protein A and F (ab')2‐preparations of human IgG, guinea pig IgG or rabbit anti‐staphylococcal IgG. Co‐precipitation also occurred if the IgG was replaced by normal human Fc fragments. On a protein A column the human F(ab')2‐preparation was separated into a major non‐reactive and a minor reactive fraction. Only the latter contained Fc‐structures, these being isolated on an anti‐Fc column and found to belong to undigested IgG. The “star”‐forming, protein A reactive F(ab')2‐fragments were washed through the anti‐Fc column. The F(ab')2fraction from rabbit anti‐staphylococcal IgG contained no Fc‐structures and only a small portion containing anti‐protein A ac

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1976.tb00038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY