摘要:

Comparative immunologic and chemical studies of crude or fractionated amyloid fibrils and materials obtained from corresponding normal tissues have been performed. Materials from the amyloidotic and normal tissues were subjected to identical methods of extraction, chemical treatment and protein fractionation. Antigenic similarities between crude amyloid fibrils and corresponding normal tissue extracts were observed, however, a considerably larger concentration of the latter antigens was needed to obtain immunologic reactivity in double diffusion in gel. Striking similarities were observed when the amino acid composition of a high molecular weight subcomponent of amyloid fibrils was compared with that of normal tissue extracts. Crude, intact amyloid fibrils were highly effective in absorbing Congo‐red while the ability to absorb Congo‐red was by far less if the high molecular weight subcomponent of amyloid fibrils as well as the corresponding normal tissue extracts were used. The high molecular weight subcomponent of amyloid, which seems to be an integral part of the amyloid fibrils, most probably is a protein derived from normal tis

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human mononuclear phagocytes culturedin vitrofor 8 days were exposed to125I‐labelled, heat‐killedMycobacterium triviale.The microorganisms were apparently engulfed, but no digestion occurred within a period of 16 days after the engulfment, measured as release of radioactivity to the medium and observed microscopically. Attempts were made to stimulate intracellular digestion of the bacteria. Pre‐incubation with BCG‐stimulated lymphocytes or with supernatants from BCG‐stimulated lymphocyte cultures did not increase the digestive ability of the cells. However, pre‐incubation with BCG‐stimulated lymphocytes or with supernatants caused detachment of the cells during the following digestion period, probably due to a cytotoxic effect of autologous, transformed lymphocytes on macrophages. When the macrophages were cultured in the presence of autologous lymphocytes and BCG, a similar eff

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03626.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human mononuclear phagocytes were cultured in plasma from uraemic patients. The presence of uraemic plasma during the engulfment or digestion of125I‐labelledCandida albicansdid not inhibit these functions in mononuclear phagocytes cultured for 8 days under normal conditions. When normal human macrophages were cultured in the presence of uraemic plasma for 2–4 days, a marked detachment of the cells from the glass coverslips was registered. The phagocytic function of the remaining cells was impaired. Creatinine, urea and methylguanidine in concentrations higher than those usually measured in plasma from uraemic patients did not influence the functional properties of the cells. The inhibitory effect of uraemic plasma on the mononuclear phagocytes is suggested as an explanation for the increased frequency of infections in uraemic patie

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The object of the present paper is to present laboratory and clinical data on 27 children of ages between 6 and 11 years, who in connection with tosillectomy 21/2 years earlier had been found to have low serum and saliva IgA levels, low serum IgE levels, and a considerable lack of IgA and IgE plasma cells in the excised tonsils; correlation between deficiency in IgA and culture of pathogenic bacteria from the tonsils was significant. From a clinical point of view, 22 of the children had benefit of the tonsillectomy and had no longer a tendency towards a development of recurrent infections. The remaining 5 patients continued to complain of recurring respiratory infections; in addition, levels of serum and saliva IgA were low. Furthermore, 4 of these 5 children harboured pathogenic bacteria in their throats. Many of the 27 patients still had low serum IgA and IgE levels as compared with levels in healthy, age‐related controls; in 3 patients, however, the IgE levels in serum had risen considerably parallel with the development of atopic diseases. Saliva IgA was rather constant after tonsillectomy as compared with the preoperative levels, though it had risen in some of the children. As regards serum IgG and IgM, these immunoglobulins had decreased significantly, and the question is raised, whether it might had been due to the tonsillectomy, either by the removal of chronically infected organs or by the removal of important immunological tissu

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 54 children, earlier hospitalized for asthma, were reinvestigated with regard to immunoglobulin formation in serum and saliva. Furthermore, the carrier rate of pathogenic bacteria in their throats was investigated, and in some of the children, who had their adenoids removed, immunofluorescent studies were performed. The study revealed highly reduced levels of serum and saliva IgA in theyoungerchildren with asthma. In addition, in these children a connection between recurring respiratory infections and high carrier rate of presumably pathogenic bacteria was observed. Also in theolderchildren, significantly reduced levels of serum and saliva IgA compared with age related controls were found, but these children did not have an increased frequency of pathogenic bacteria or repiratory infections. In addition, low levels of serum IgM were found in the older children with asthma. The results of the study support the theory that low IgA levels facilitate the entrance of pathogenic bacteria through the epithelial surfaces, resulting in an overstimulation of the IgE system and the development of bronchial asthma in the younger children. In the younger as well as in the older patients, a high frequency of atopy among the closest relatives was observed.

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

By means of the leucocyte migration technique, it has been demonstrated that the migration indices from 19 patients suffering from borderline essential hypertension are significantly different from those of 19 normal persons. These results support the view that delayed hypersensitivity directed against arterial wall components is a possible pathogenetic factor in patients suffering from essential hypertension.

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thein vitrocell‐mediated immune response of rat lymph node cells (LNC) to guinea pig and bovine encephalitogenic protein (EP) has been studied with a LNC transformation test. LNC were obtained from either Lewis, PVG, or F1(Lewis x PVG) rats 28 days after challenge with guinea pig or bovine EP in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) of different mycobacterium content. No differences between the strains or their hybrids in LNC response could be shown if stimulated with sensitizing EP, despite the great differences in capacity for disease development in those animals. Nor did a fivefold lowering of the amount of mycobacterium content in FCA, when guinea pig EP was used at challenge, lessen thein vitroresponse, although this reduces the disease development. Sensitization with guinea pig EP causes anin vitrocross‐reactivity to bovine EP and the reciprocal cross‐reactivity probably also exists. In rabbits, this cross‐reactivity in both directions was clear‐cut. LNC from Lewis rats challenged with guinea pig EP in FCA, with the higher amount of mycobacterium, showedin vitroresponses to tested peptides of this EP; the amino acid sequences of these were: 1–42, 43–88, 89–169, and HNB‐89–169 (89–169 blocked at the tryptophan‐residue by h

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03631.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The thrombopenic effects of immune complexes were studied in 32 rabbits, immunized actively with aspirin. The test animals were exposed to hapten‐protein conjugates with a hapten density ranging from 0.6 to 38, and to pure hapten. The resulting thrombopenia and leucopenia correlated closely with the presence of immune complexes in the serum as detected by the platelet aggregation sedimentation pattern test (P1.A.). This platelet‐aggregation activity sedimented mainly in the 19S fraction. The effects induced by polyvalent antigens where dose‐dependent and could be modified by a prior injection of aspirin. Expectedly, monovalent antigens were only marginally effe

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03632.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The phagocytosis in suspensions of heat‐killed yeast cells,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes was studiedin vitroby means of an electronic particle counter, the Coulter Counter, and a 100‐channel pulse‐height analyzer, the Channelyzer. The two cell populations were separated from each other electronically by the Channelyzer. Phagocytosis was recorded as disappearance of yeast cells. Concomitantly, aggregation and swelling of the PMN‐cells were observed, which increased with the concentration of the prey. The process could be inhibited by cytochalasin B and iodoacetamide. With the latter inhibitor, the analysis of the kinetics showed that ingestion, but not adhesion, was affected. The ingestion of yeast cells was augmented on increase of the initial ratio between the number of yeast and PMN cells to around 5:1, but was then reduced on further increase. A ratio of 2:1 and a reaction time of 30 min seemed suitable for studying the phagocytic process. First‐order kinetics were obeyed under these circ

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03633.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase activity of human milk was concentrated by ammonium sulphate precipitation. On gel chromatography of the dissolved precipitate, the activity was eluted in the high‐molecular‐weight fraction containing secretory IgA, while no activity appeared in the eluate at the position of free secretory component. Various antisera were added to portions of the pool of active fractions. No change of γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase activity was obtained with antisera against either IgA, secretory IgA or secretory component, while a large reduction of activity was seen with anti‐human colostrum. Finally, purified free secretory component, secretory IgA andin vitrocomplexes between secretory component and IgA dimers were shown to be inactive in the γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase assay, both in the absence and presence of zinc ions. Thus secretory component, either when free or bound to IgA, does not exhibit γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase activity, and therefore cannot function as such an enzyme in the transport of IgA across mucous membranes, as has been sug

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb03634.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY