摘要:

A cross‐reaction betweenKlebsiellatypes 12 and 13 polysaccharides was demonstrated in hyperimmunized rabbit sera. In most of the sera, the cross‐reaction could only be demonstrated by passive haemagglutination and not by precipitation. Immunization withKlebsiellatype 13 induced antibodies of both the IgM and IgG class, but the antibodies cross‐reacting withKlebsiellatype 12 polysaccharide were only IgM antibodies. InKlebsiellatype 12 sera, the antibody activity was mainly, or only, demonstrated in the IgM class, none or only traces being found in IgG.Klebsiellatype 12 antigen seemed to inhibit or delay production of IgG antib

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relation between immobilizing and cytotoxic sperm antibodies and other sperm antibodies (agglutinins and IF‐antibodies) in serum and seminal plasma was studied in men belonging in a group of infertile couples. In serum, correlation between the agglutinin titre and the titres of immobilization and cytotoxicity was found to be close, but the titre level of the complement‐dependent activities was considerably lower than that of the agglutinins. In seminal plasma, immobilization and cytotoxicity were rarely observed and only in low titres. Absorption of IgG (IgGl, IgG2, IgG4) with protein‐A‐producingStaphylococcus aureussuggested that immobilizing, cytotoxic, and agglutinating antibodies in serum belonged to the IgG class. In seminal plasma, agglutinins. seemed mainly to be “non‐IgG”—probably IgA. Correlation between occurrence of agglutinating, immobilizing and cytotoxic antibodies in serum on the one hand and low spermcounts or high spermimmotility rate in the ejaculate on the other

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A sperm‐immobilization test, a sperm‐cytotoxicity test and a microtechnique for simultaneous detection of immobilizing and cytotoxic sperm antibodies have been compared. The immobilization test and the microtechnique were easy to use. In order to ensure reliable results of the cytotoxicity test, the evaluation of a serum had to be based on the mean spermotoxic index (STI) of three experiments. The cytotoxicity test was therefore found to be more time‐consuming and less suitable for large‐scale examinations. Among 30 sera from men with sperm agglu‐tinins, all sera with titres>64 yielded positive results by all three techniques, whereas minor differences were found in sera with lower agglutinin titres. A comparison of the tests showed that, except for one case, cytotoxic activity was observed only in sera which also had immobilizing activity and, using the microtechnique, this was observed without exception. A total of 103 sera without agglutinins revealed negative results by the three techniques. Titration of positive sera in the immobilization test and in the microtechnique using guinea‐pig and human serum, respectively, as the source of complement, showed identical results if the actual dilution of test serum in the test mixture was taken i

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to look for participation of granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors in circulating immune complexes in rheumatoid arthritis and related conditions. Sera from 20 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 13 of whom displayed the classical Felty's syndrome and 3 showed neutropenia, were fractionated on a Sephadex G‐200 column at neutral pH. Two sera from patients with neutropenia, probably of an auto‐immune type, were included as well as 3 osteo‐arthrosis sera and 5 normal control sera. Each fraction was analysed for presence of immuno‐g'lobulihs G, M and A, antiglobulins, granulocyte‐specific and organ‐nonspecific antinuclear factors and heterophilic antibodies to rabbit red cells. At neutral pH, macromolecular and intermediate size IgG aggregates were found in most rheumatoid sera but in none of the control sera. The aggregates comprised granulocyte‐specific and sometimes organ‐nonspecific antinuclear factors of the IgG and often of the IgA classes. Felty patient sera were extraordinarily rich in aggregates containing considerable amounts of IgG granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors. The aggregates usually were dissociated at pH 4.5. IgG and IgA rabbit red cell antibodies mostly appeared in unaggregated form only. Macromolecular IgM antinuclear factors were found in all patient and control sera, but in addition, 80 per cent of the rheumatoid sera contained low molecular size IgM antinuclear factors, probably representing products of local inflammatory processes. The low molecular size IgM antibody activity frequently disappeared after fractiona‐tion at acid pH, possibly indicating pronounced sensitivity of these molecules to low pH. Complement‐fixing properties of the granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors seemed to be linked to IgG antibodies. IgM rabbit red cell antibodies were solely of the 19S variety except in two cases of Felty's syndrome. Besides macromolecular antiglobulins, many rheumatoid sera contained low molecular size antiglobulins. The data indicate that granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors are regularly involved in circulating immune complexes in rheumatoid arthritis and thus may contribute to the systemic manifestations which are assumed to be caused by such complexes. In cases of neutropenic rheumatoid arthritis, granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors possessing complement‐fixing abilities, may augment the phlogogenic

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Joint fluids from nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis and three patients with osteoarthrosis were fractionated by Sephadex G‐200 gel filtration at pH 7.35. Most rheumatoid joint fluids contained macromolecular and intermediate size aggregates of IgG, whereas osteo‐arthrosis joint fluids did not. The aggregates regularly comprised IgG granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors, but only rarely any naturally occurring antibodies to, rabbit red cells. Inhibitors of granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factor reactions were removed from one rheumatoid joint fluid by gel filtration at neutral pH. IgM antinuclear factors of low molecular size were detected in five rheumatoid joint fluids. Three aggregates containing rheumatoid joint fluids were also fractionated at pH 4.5. This caused dissociation of the aggregates in one case and incomplete dissociation in the two other. The low molecular size IgM antinuclear factors disappeared, probably indicating pronounced sensitivity of these antibodies to lowering of the pH. The data suggest participation of granulocyte‐specific antinuclear factors in rheumatoid joint fluid immune complexes. These antibodies may thus gain pathophysiological activity by contributing to immune complex mediated inf

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The L‐agglutination of streptococci group A, strain S.F. 130, type T 1 by sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis was investigated. The IgG fraction of these sera alone could agglutinate the streptococci. Absorption of the sera with the streptococci turned the L‐agglutination test negative. On addition of pooled human IgG the test was again positive while IgG myeloma protein had no such effect. These findings indicated participation of IgG antibodies to strepto‐coccal antigens and that these antibodies were present also in serum from healthy individuals. If IgG of subclass 1, 2 and 4 was eliminated from the rheumatoid arthritis sera by absorption with Cowan I staphylococci, the L‐agglutination could not be restored by addition of pooled human IgG. Together with findings of other authors, this result indicated participation of anti‐IgG of IgG class in the L‐agglutination. Furthermore, removal of the broth in which the streptococci were cultured also turned the L‐agglutination test with rheumatoid arthritis sera negative, but on replacement with sterile filtered supernatant from gramnegative rods the test again turned positive. The interaction of these factors in the L‐agglutination—i.e. normally occurring antibodies to streptococcal antigens, anti‐IgG of IgG class present in rheumatoid arthritis sera and‐soluble antigens in the culture sup

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

BCG immunization schedules for the demonstration of resistance to listeriosis in C3H mice were re‐evaluated in a series of experiments. A two‐step procedure was found to be superior to a one‐step vaccination schedule. Reactivation with BCG five days before challenge caused a significant depression of the multiplication ofListeria monocytogenesin the spleen. A saline extract of tubercle bacilli was able to reactivate the BCG immunization in the “same way, even though a transient non‐immunogenic effect of the same extract was also demonstrated. In the two‐step procedure the vaccination dose was found to play a minor role, whereas the reactivation was dos

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The capabilities of circulating leucocytes from 7 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and 3 patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) to ingest and to killStaphylococcus aureus in vitrowere investigated. Defects in both of these two functions could be detected isolated or in combination. If these functional alterations were correlated with the morphology of the myeloid cell population, the most prominent finding was a highly significant correlation between decreased intracellular killing and degree of admixture of myelocytes and metamyelocytes to the mature cells. The data suggest that the mainqualitativefunctional defect in CML as well as in AML is the inefficient intracellular killing capacity displayed by myelocytes and metamyelocytes. All, but one patient, were without signs of bacterial infection at the time of testing. The data thus add to the phenomena, previously observed in this laboratory concerning the killing defect, in severely infected patients, a defect which was found to be correlated in part with the degree of “shift to the left” of the myeloid cell populat

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ochratoxin A is a nephrotoxic secondary metabolite of several fungal species included in the generaAspergillusandPenicillium. A radioimmunoassay for this toxin is described. The reagents included antibodies against a coupling product of ochratoxin A and bovine IgG.125I‐labelled egg‐albumin‐ochratoxin A was employed as radioactive antigen. Free ochratoxin A dissolved in phosphate‐buffered saline inhibited immunoprecipitation of the radioactive antigen. The procedure showed a lower limit of detection at 20 ppb of ochra

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The response of draining lymph nodes, thymus and skin to the repeated application of oxazolone was studied in mice by autoradiography, histology and the recording of organ weights. Transient paracortical hyperplasia was seen in the lymph nodes accompanied by rapid weight loss and depletion of cortical cells in the thymus. With regression of the paracortical hyperplasia, long‐lasting hyperplasia of germinal centres and medullary cords developed, while the thymus increased in weight with repopulation of the cortex. The findings suggest some kind of active control or inhibition of the paracortical reaction as the decline was observed during continuous oxazolone applicatio

ISSN:0304-1328    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1975.tb01656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY