摘要:

Both social science and American cultural discourse have traditionally defined peace in terms of predictable order. It is important to analyze this definition carefully to develop a persuasive critique of it. Cultures that value order above all else actually end up focusing on and increasing their sense of disorder for a variety of reasons discussed here. Defining peace solely in terms of order exacerbates this process, increasing peacelessness as well as injustice in several ways. Chaos theoy and clinical psychology suggest an alternative view of peace as an interplay of order and disorder that transcends the opposition between them. Instances of peace researchers (J. Galtung) and peace movements representing this alterntive definition of peace are also discussed.

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research analyzes the disarmament rhetorics of 57 states attending the General Debate of the Second Special Session of the United Nations Devoted to Disarmament (SSDII), convened in the summer of 1982. Drawing on world‐system theory, the analysis conceptualizes a three‐tiered global capitalist system composed of economic linkages among core, peripheral, and semiperipheral states. The primary thesis is that the economic realities of world‐system linkages influence stales' positions on disarmament issues and thus political rhetorics in international disarmament. These economic realities can even eclipse East‐West political divisions in international disarmament debates. The study examines two symbolic aspects of international disarmament debate: (1) the content of unifying rituals and (2) negotiations of the meanings of contested concepts. The data suggest that, although core states expropriate disarmament debates to promote the military status quo, noncore states challenge the system by supporting disarmament. States are either in the global ruling elite or they are not, and this has consequences for their disarmament rh

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent research on social movements emphasizes the importance of the political opportunity structure (POS) for movement development and impact. The POS for the peace movement, which is a contender in the foreign policy arena, is much more limited than it is for social movements working for changes in domestic policies. In this essay, the authors, both of whom are social scientists and peace activists, analyze the POS for the peace movement, focusing on two of its formal aspects, the interest aggregation structure and the policy‐making structure. The authors conclude by arguing that the peace movement should expend more energy on efforts to democratize the process of foreign policy making if it hopes to be more effectiv

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Deepening economic disparities and renewed ethnic strife in the United States have rekindled the national obsession with race. Despite evidence to the contrary, the popular misconception of race as a biological category persists. While race may be most accurately understood as a social construct, racism remains a pervasive and insidious force in our society. Its role in fueling social conflict from Crown Heights to South Central Los Angeles demands that scholars concerned with peace and conflict resolution address issues of race in their courses and in the general education curricula of their institutions. Ironically, some lessons may be gleaned from the case of South Africa where the African National Congress espouses a policy of nonracialism that seeks to address the terrible consequences of racism while rejecting the false categories of race promoted by the apartheid system.

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Deadly Consequences: How Violence Is Destroying Our Teenage Population and a Plan to Begin Solving the Problem, by Deborah Prothrow‐Stith with Michaele WeissmanGottfried Niedhart and Dieter Riesenberger, eds.,Lernen aus dem Krieg? Deutsche Nachkriegszeiten 1918 und 1945: Beiträge zur historischen Friedensforschu

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0149-0508    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1993.tb00175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY