摘要:

AbstractIn laboratory tests with 115 species of dicotyledons, the concentration of pronamide in water for 50% inhibition of root elongation ranged from 0.03 to>8 parts/million. With certain exceptions, species within a family responded similarly. Polygonaceae and Caryophyllaceae were the most susceptible and Compositae the most tolerant, as they were also to chlorpropham. There was good correspondence between the test results and the relative susceptibility of species to pre‐emergence application in the fiel

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040112

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince mint oil is used as a flavouring agent for foods and cosmetics, pesticide residues in the oil are undesirable. The residual behaviour of two pesticides, phorate and methomyl, was studied as replacements for chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides which leave residues in the oil. Phorate applications of 1.1 kg/ha resulted in oil residues of 0.24 mg/kg total phorate in Oregon samples and 1.69 mg/kg in Washington samples. Less than 1% of the residues in the hay distilled with the oil. Mint oil undergoes a 100‐ to 1000‐fold dilution in commercial use with a corresponding reduction of residues in the final product.No residues of methomyl were found in the oil, even with hay residues as high as 5.34 mg/kg. Residues in hay decreased to half of initial levels in 2 to 4 days, independently of use conditions. It was concluded that the proposed use of phorate or methomyl for control of mint pests does not present a residue hazard.Details of the analytical methods used are also presen

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040113

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA gas chromatographic method for the determination of 2,3,7,8‐tetrachloro‐dibenzo‐1,4‐dioxin in 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,5‐T alkyl ester herbicides is described.Of 80 samples of 100% 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxyacetic acid alkyl ester herbicides 25 contained less than 0.05 part/million and 75 less than 0.5 part/million 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlDrodiben2o‐1,4‐dioxin. Of 32 samples of 50% formulations of 2,4,5‐T alkyl esters in mineral oil, 8 contained less than 0.05 part/million and 18 less than 0.5 part/million tetrachlorodioxin. The maximum found w

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040114

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique is described for applying insecticide solutions accurately and rapidly to aphids. Radiochemical measurements showed that volume of 0.02 to 0.2 μl could be applied accurately and that more than 90% of the dose remained on the aphids when 0.08 μl or less was applied. There was good agreement between the radiochemical calibration land the toxicological result

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040115

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMilk, hay and silage produced in orchard and non‐orchard areas have been analysed for their content of chlorinated pesticides. The residue levels in milk produced in orchard areas were about double those in milk produced in non‐orchard areas. The levels in hay were much higher (30% up to sevenfold) in the hay produced in orchard areas and the levels in silage from the two areas showed small differences. Milk collected after cattle had been grazing in an orchard for 3 to 4 days contained 10% morepp′‐DDT and 2‐, 3‐, 7‐ and 15‐fold morepp′‐DDE,pp′‐TDE and heptachlor epoxide, gamma‐BHC andpp′‐TDE olefin [1‐chloro‐2,2‐bis(p‐chlorophenyl)ethylene], respectively, than did the samples collected one day be

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040116

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe uptake of thiabendazole into potato seed tubers (cultivar King Edward) was determined by the method of application, more being taken up from solutions and suspensions than from dusts. Penetration and uptake were greatest with solutions at pH 3, and less at higher or lower pHs. The addition of inorganic salts (KCl, CaCl2) had no effect. Treatment of tubers with weak solutions of mineral acid increased uptake of thiabendazole. There was little movement and no metabolism of the chemical when potatoes were stored for 3 months.

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040117

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGel filtration on Bio‐Beads S‐X8 and Sephadex LH‐20 columns has been successfully applied to the clean‐up of multiple residues of malathion, fenitrothion and dichlorvos in rice. Recoveries were checked by gas‐liquid chromatography using CsBr‐thermionic detector and ranged from 77 to 104% at 5 mg/kg level. The clean‐up was found to be highly effective. No interference was observed in the gas

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040118

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper describes a gravimetric method of determining the volatility (evaporation rate) of pesticides. The measuring apparatus may be set at any temperature between ∼15 and 80°C; the dry air flowing through the apparatus is regulated by valves between ‐0.2 1/h and 300 1/h.Figures available for vapour pressure reveal a mathematical relation between vapour pressure and evaporation rate. This can be used as a simple method of determining the vapour pressure of any substance at 20°C by determining the evaporation rate when the air current is flowing at 50 l/h. The effects of the temperature and the air flow rate on the evaporation rate are also ana

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040119

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract[14C]ring‐Bromoxynil octanoate was applied to the leaves of wheat seedlings, which were cultivated in a growth cabinet under controlled conditions for 14 days. Fractionation of the metabolites present in the treated leaves, which accounted for about 63% of the radioactivity applied, indicated a complex metabolic pathway resulting from initial hydrolysis to free bromoxynil, followed by three consecutive or concurrent steps (a) hydrolysis of the cyano group to the amide and carboxylic acid, followed by decarboxylation to 2,6‐dibromophenol (0.5% of the14C applied), (b) replacement of one or both bromine atoms by hydroxy groups to 3‐bromo‐4,5‐dihydroxybenzonitrile (1.3 %) and 3,4,5‐trihydroxybenzo‐nitrile (0.6 %) or their hydrolysis products, (c) replacement of one or both bromine atoms by hydrogen, giving 3‐bromo‐4‐hydroxybenzonitrile (1.9 %) and 4‐hydroxy‐benzonitrile (0.6%) or their hydrolysis products. Some of the phenolic acids or phenols formed are natural plant constituents. The metabolites identified represented in all about 11 % of the herbicide applied, but no individual metabolite accounted for more than a

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040120

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780040121

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY