摘要:

AbstractThe in‐row application of aldicarb granules at 2 lb active ingredient (a.i.)/acre (2·24 kg/ha) at sowing gave complete control ofAphis fabaeScop. on broad beans (Vicia fabaL. cv. Seville) up to 7 days before harvest and resulted in a three‐fold increase in yield compared with a similar thionazin treatment. Bean plants grown from seeds which were soaked in a gamma‐BHC solution at 20 ppm for 24 h prior to planting were protected from this aphid for most of the growing season almost as effectively as with the thionazin treatment.A thin‐layer chromatography method was developed for the determination in plants and soil of aldicarb and its two major toxic metabolites, the sulphoxide and sulphone. Gas‐liquid chromatography was used to monitor the declining levels of gamma‐BHC and thionazin, and simultaneous bioassays were made withAphis fabaeon excised leaf discs from the crop. Analysis of the bean seeds and pods at harvest 90 days after sowing indicated no detectable gamma‐BHC, less than 0·01 ppm of thionazin and approximately 0·09 ppm total residue of aldicarb sulphone and sulphoxide. Approximately 22% and 13% of the applied aldicarb, in the form of sulphone and sulphoxide but not the parent compound, remained in the top 6 in (152 mm) of soil at the end of 2 and 4 months respectively.Toxicity studies withAphis fabae, Acyrthosiphon pisumHarris, andMegoura viciaeBuck showed an increasing sensitivity in that order to gamma‐BHC at 1 ppm in bean plants. Acute toxicity investigations with feedingAphis fabaeindicated an increasing sensitivity in the order of gamma‐BHC

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010201

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNew or improved routes are used to prepare all the nineteen methylbenzyl chrysanthemates, including 2,4,6‐trimethylbenzyl (+) and (−)‐trans‐chrysanthemates, 2,3,4,6‐tetramethyl‐and 2,3,4,5,6‐pentamethyl‐benzyl chrysanthemates, and the chrysanthemates of the new alcohols, 2,3,5‐and 3,4,5‐trime

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSurveys of sheep dipping and spraying during 1965–66 showed that, after the end of 1965, the use of organochlorine formulations decreased greatly, and the use of organophosphorus formulations and formulations containing both organochlorine and organophosphorus compounds increased. The ways in which toxic residues were disposed of, and the hazards, are summarise

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique for determining the relative leaching of herbicdes in soil is described. This consists of coating a glass plate with a uniformly thin layer of soil, applying the herbicde as a streak to the bottom of the plate and then cluting it with water. This is analogous to thin‐layer chromatography.After clution, the position of the herbicide is determined by a bioassay with browntop grass (Agrostis tenuis). This provides a speedy and economical method which is particularly useful as a screen for experimental herbicide

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe treatment conditions for reducing the incidence of rot in stored citrus fruit with sodiumo‐phenylphenate (SOPP) foam and the possibility of improving the efficiency of the treatment were examined. Marked differences were noted among different packing houses with regard to ambient temperature temperature of the fruit surface, duration of treatment, SOPP content and pH of the solution, quantities of foam and of SOPP dispersed on the fruit, and between theo‐phenylphenol (OPP) residues in fruit treated simultaneously.It should be possible to prolong the duration of treatment without increasing the OPP residues in the fruit above the tolerance limits of 10 ppm OPP in the whole fruit and without causing injury to the fr

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDipping in hot water accelerated the ripening process and reduced fungal spoilage inMangifera indicacv. Pairi mangoes. Accelerated ripening was counteracted by incorporation of maleic hydrazide (MH) in the dip water, thereby extending the storage life with minimum fungal spoilage. 2,4,5‐Trichlorophenoxy propionic acid (2,4,5‐TP) also delayed the ripening process, but did not improve skin colour. Hot water treatment with or without MH and 2,4,5‐TP increased the carotene content of the flesh. These compounds did not significantly alter the chemical composition or quality of the

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn investigation into the poisoning of birds with 1,1,1‐trichloro‐2, 2‐di (4‐chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) on a fruit farm in South‐East England is described. Pesticide levels in wild birds were sufficient to be held responsible for deaths. It is suggested that levels in samples of soil, earthworms, sludge, eggs, etc. did not indicate the source of the poisoning. Examination of caged birds following exposure to normal spraying indicated little hazard from this type of operation. Some discussion of the assessment of levels of intoxication is

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCattle were treated thrice weekly for 12 weeks with simulated backrubbers impregnated with 1% solutions of pesticides in mineral oils.Both coumaphos and methoxychlor applied in S.A.E. 50 oil induced maximum residues of 0–21 ppm in omental fat after 12 weeks treatment. Application of DDT in S.A.E. 50 oil or in used crankcase oil induced residues of 0·5–7 ppm DDT in omental fat after 12 weeks treatment. Where diesel fuel oil was the vehicle, DDT residues in omental fat were in the range 17

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe polarographic response obtained when demeton‐S, disulfoton and phorate, in 2% tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, were investigated using a cathode ray oscilloscope polarograph depended considerably on the interval between making up solutions and measurement. Direct evidence to confirm previous suggestions that this type of behaviour is due to hydrolysis of the original insecticides to polarographically active SH‐containing compounds was obtained by measuring the disappearance of the original insecticides from the solutions by gas‐liquid chromatography and by investigating the behaviour of the hydrolysis product for demeton‐S and disulfoton synthesised by an independent route. Measurements of electrocapillary curves and other lines of evidence indicate that the electrode process involves adsorption/desorption at the mercury drop. The results emphasise that conditions must be carefully standardised if polarography is used for estimating these insec

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0031-613X    

DOI:10.1002/ps.2780010210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1970

数据来源: WILEY