摘要:

Trichosanthin was purified from fresh Chinese root tubers ofTrichosanthes kirilowiiand evaluated for anti-HIV activity. Trichosanthin inhibited syncytium formation between infected H9 cells and uninfected Sup-T1 cells from 0.5 to 4 μg/ml. Trichosanthin also inhibited HIV replication in H9 and CEM-SS cells at 1 μg/ml, but was toxic for MT-4 cells (HTLV-1-positive), at doses greater than 0.25 μg/ml. This new purification procedure confirms the anti-HIV activity of trichosanthin on some cell lines in different biological assays.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We examined the ability of the various human and non-human cell lines to form syncytia upon coinfection with recombinant vaccinia viruses each carrying the HIVenvand the human CD4 gene. We found that three human cell lines and one of three monkey cell lines exhibited syncytium formation, but that one human cell line, two monkey cell lines and all the rabbit and mouse cell lines examined did not. This indicated that factors other than HIVenvand CD4 were participating in syncytium formation and that distribution of these factors was restricted by species and by the cell type in a species.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is very unusual in Caucasian women with AIDS. We conducted a retrospective survey of 12 female AIDS patients with KS, including 11 Caucasian women. HIV infection was thought to have been acquired after sexual contact, intravenous drug use (nine cases) or blood transfusion (three cases). In these patients KS was often the first manifestation of AIDS and showed an aggressive course. The disease was associated with a severe immunodeficiency (CD4 T lymphocyte count <100 ± 106/l in 50% of cases) and a poor prognosis. In four patients, lesions first developed on areas of sexual contact, supporting the hypothesis that KS is a sexually transmitted disease.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Forty-two infants of HIV-seropositive women were evaluated to determine the value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the early detection of HIV infection. All infants less than 6 months old had a simultaneous PCR and culture for HIV. There was an 88% concordance between the two techniques. PCR results showed an excellent correlation with clinical outcome; no PCR-negative patient has subsequently been found to be infected. Occasional false-positive or equivocal PCR results did occur. There was one false-negative culture. PCR is a rapid and sensitive diagnostic test for the early diagnosis of HIV infection in infants at risk, but at present it should be performed in conjunction with other diagnostic tests and good clinical follow-up.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To facilitate studies of the pharmacokinetic properties of zidovudine, the relationship between plasma and salivary concentrations of the drug was studied, after oral dosage, in 10 HIV-infected patients. Zidovudine concentrations were determined in plasma, unstimulated mixed saliva and citric-acid-stimulated mixed saliva over a period of 3± hours by high-performance liquid chromatography. Correlation coefficients were r = 0.97 (P < 0.0001) for stimulated saliva compared with plasma and r = 0.89 (P < 0.0001) for unstimulated saliva, with average values in unstimulated saliva being 113.8 ± 44.6% in plasma and 67.8 ± 25.4% in stimulated saliva. Stimulated saliva values found to be 70% of the total reflected the concentration of the unbound drug in plasma. Except for a shorter half-life time (t) in saliva, pharmacokinetic parameters showed a good correlation in the three types of specimen. These findings and the convenience of sample collection suggest that citric-acid-stimulated saliva might be an appropriate specimen for monitoring zidovudine therapy.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An inhibition enzyme immunoassay (IEIA), using a human monoclonal antibody (K14) reactive with gp41 of HIV-1, was evaluated for its applicability to the serology of HIV-1 infections. Using panels of serum samples from seronegative and confirmed HIV-1 -seropositive individuals, it was shown that all the HIV-1-positive samples in a panel from The Netherlands and 97% of the HIV-1-positive samples from Tanzania were identified by this IEIA. Six per cent of the IEIA-positive samples from Tanzania could not be confirmed in other assays. Testing of serial dilutions of serum samples from African individuals with confirmed HIV-1, HIV-2 or HIVANT70infections in the K14 IEIA, indicated that a HIV-1-specific assay based on this principle may be developed.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID