ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serine esterase B (SE B) is a protein contained in cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells; SE B gene is transcribed upon activation of these cytotoxic cells. In order to show thein vivointeractions between HIV-infected cells and anti-HIV cytotoxic cells we analysed, byin situhybridization, the expression of the SE B gene in eight hyperplastic lymph nodes from HIV-1-infected patients presenting with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy. We detected numerous cells expressing the SE B gene. The mean number of positive cells was 3.2 times higher in HIV lymph nodes than in six non-HIV hyperplastic lymph nodes studied in parallel (P< 0.05). In control lymph nodes, the SE B gene was expressed only in interfollicular areas; virtually no cells expressed the SE B gene within follicles. In contrast, in HIV lymph nodes cells expressing the SE B gene were distributed either in interfollicular areas or within follicles. Expression of the SE B gene inside follicles was thus a specific feature of HIV lymph nodes (P< 0.001) and was associated with the presence of HIV antigens and RNA at the same site. These results suggest that cytotoxic cells are activated in follicles of HIV lymph nodes and may be involved in the lysis of HIV-infected cells. Such a phenomenon may explain the development of follicle lysis, a specific feature of HIV lymph nodes. It may also inhibit the spreading of HIV infection.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The brains of 22 HIV-1-infected cases and 11 controls, matched for age and sex, were studied with immunocytochemical reactions specific for oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia and HIV-1. In HIV-1 infection, mild degrees of myelin damage were associated with an increase in oligodendrocyte numbers, a change that was reversed in the presence of severe damage. Severity of myelin damage correlated with the extent of astrocytic and microglial reactions expressed in a semi-quantitative manner. HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected in all cases with severe myelin damage and a smaller proportion of cases with lesser degrees of myelin damage. It is concluded that, in HIV-1 infection, oligodendrocytes undergo an initial reactive hyperplasia which may represent an attempt to repair myelin damage.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The rectal mucosa is one of the routes of transmission of the HIV virus, although the mechanism of transmission is unknown. We carried out an immunohistological investigation of human rectal epithelium to detect CD4 glycoprotein and Fc receptors (FcR) for immunoglobulin G which may be involved in HIV infection. CD4 was not detected by monoclonal antibodies (MAb) in normal rectal epithelial cells, although CD4+ mononuclear cells were found in the lamina propria of the rectum. FcR3 and FcR2 were, however, detected in surface or crypt epithelial cells of rectal mucosa, using MAb to CD16 and CD32, respectively. In addition, CD16 messenger RNA (mRNA) was found in surface and crypt epithelial cells byin situhybridization using an RNA probe. FcR3 and FcR2 were also detected in fetal recto-colonic tissue by immunohistology, suggesting that these are constitutive receptors. FcR3 and FcR2 gene transcripts were then demonstrated in fetal recto-colonic tissue using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify a portion of FcR3 and FcR2 coding sequences in complementary DNA (cDNA) prepared from fetal RNA. These findings suggest the possibility that rectal transmission of HIV-antibody complexes might be facilitated by the expression of FcR3 and FcR2 in rectal epithelial cells.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The transactivation induced by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) on the HIV-1 promoter was studied both in the presence and in the absence of the retroviral transactivator protein (Tat) constitutively expressed in Jurkat cells. Jurkat-tatcells were infected with HHV-6, transfected with a plasmid containing HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), and CAT assays were performed. HHV-6 infection in the presence of Tat resulted in significantly higher LTR activation than that observed by Tat or HHV-6 alone, indicating that HHV-6 and Tat interact synergically. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that expression of HIV-1tatinhibits HHV-6 replication, as shown by a 3.6–15.4-fold reduction in infectious yield. We suggest that HHV-6 could trigger HIV reactivation in HIV-seropositive patients which, in turn, could inhibit HHV-6 production.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Infection of macaques by the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), like HIV infection in humans, results in a variable time course to clinical disease. Developmental studies of macaques have shown that psychosocial disruption, including social separations, can result in both immediate and long-term immunological consequences. Using colony records on a subset of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) inoculated with SIV at the California Primate Research Center, Davis, California, USA, we constructed regression equations to determine whether the animals' psychosocial histories could explain any of the variability observed in measures of disease progression. After controlling for dosage, age at inoculation, sex, and previous inoculation history, psychosocial variables were found to be significantly associated with several indicators of disease, including latencies to display leukopenia and lymphopenia, weight loss, and survival. We believe these preliminary results suggest an important role for psychosocial processes in affecting disease progression in SIV infection in macaques.

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0269-9370    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID