摘要:

Microemulsion regions in systems of commercial nonionic surfactant, water and aliphatic hydrocarbon have been determined. The influence of hydrocarbon chain length, nature of surfactant and temperature in microemulsion formation was studied. Textile deter-gency tests of these microemulsions, in conditions of minimum mechanical energy and at low temperature showed that they are highly efficient to promote soil removal.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943467

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The builders tested were: pentasodium triphosphate, trisodium nitrilotriacetate, trisodium citrate, and tris(triethanolammonium) citrate. The characteristics measured were: stability in hard water, foaming power, wetting power for raw cotton cloth, soil removal efficiency, and redeposition effects.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943468

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the first part, we study the precipitation equilibrium of two well known surfactants (Na-lauryl sulfate and dodecyl type LAS) with calcium ion, by means of developing the sulfonate precipitation boundary diagrams. Certain pH and temperature conditions have been selected.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943469

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A study was made of the colorimetric method of measuring CMC values attempting to explain why this method provides different CMC from those obtained using other methods.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943470

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The mean ionic activity coefficient was determined by vapour pressure osmometry in the sodium deoxycholate, (SDC), sodium dode-cylsulphate, (SDS), and sodium tetradecylsulphate, (STS) aqueous micellar systems in a wide range of concentrations and temperatures. Fran these data, we have calculated the Gibbs nonideal energy, the nonideal entropy and partial molal relative properties: Gibbs free energy, entropy, enthalpy and heat capacity at constant pressure. The values obtained are consistent with the current ideas on aqueous micellar systems. From the thermic variation of these functions a different thermodynamic behaviour is observed. This

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943471

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The specific refraction, specific volume, and viscosity of systems containing sodium alkyl-ether-sulfate(NaEOS)(10, 20, 25, 27.5, and 30% w/w)and sodium xylene-sulfonate(NaXS) (1, 2, and 3% w/w) has been studied in the temperature range of 278 to 313 K.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943472

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In this paper the influence of several factors on the rheological behaviour of aqueous systems containing 0.25 and 0.50 mol(L of a polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol has been analysed. Such factors are: temperature, pH, kind of alkali used to increase the pH and HLB of the surfactant. The influence on the rheological parameters when samples are introduced into the sensor systems either as liquids or as liquid crystals has also been studied.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943473

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The partitioning characteristics, microemulsion formation, tolerance to variation in chemical composition, and interfacial tensions have been investigated for a series of orancned hydrophobe tail vinylioene sulfonates containing 16,18,20 anu Zk carbon atoms, Tne microemulsions produced were. found to be tolerant to variations in system composition and, under some conditions, required no alcohol cosolvent for their formation; however, the observed solubilization parameters are low and interfacial tensions measured against the excess phases are relatively high. These observations are consistent with earlier stucies.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932698608943474

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor