摘要:

Anionic and nonionic surfactants exhibit opposite changes in hydrophilicity with a change of temperature. This antagonism can be harnessed by the use of mixtures. The phase behavior and emulsion type are mapped on a temperature water-oil/ratio diagram for different anionic-nonionic mixtures. It is shown that the mixing can result in insensitivity to temperature of different kinds of emulsions.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943524

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The volatility of synthetic fragrances (benzyl formate, benzyl acetate, benzyl propionate) from pluronic P-85 aqueous solution has been investigated by the dynamic headspace method The experimental results showed that the volatility of a more hydrophobic fragrance was strongly controlled by pluronic P-85. This volatile behavior was explained by the solubilization constants of fragrances between the micelle and bulk phase by semiequilibrium dialysis method.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943525

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the poly(vinyl acetate) latexes stabilized by nonyl phenol ethoxylated with 30 moles ethylene oxide, the ratio of the amount of monomer that swells the polymer particles to that of monomer remaining in aqueous phase decreases with the increase of the emulsifier concentration.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943526

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Theoretical considerations of supramolecuiar organization in lyotropic liquid crystal systems are presented. The model describes the lamellar, inverted hexagonal and micellar phases and the phase transitions between them. Experimental and calculated by the model data are in good agreement.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943527

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Abstract The phase diagrams and partial solubility parameters for methoxydimethyloctyl silane (MDOS), tetramethyl dioctyl disiloxane (TDDS), and several organic components were determined. The solubility limits were established by quantitative analysis and compared to the refractive index of known single phase mixtures. The partial solubility parameters were used to provide a qualitative analysis of the phase equilibria. The results showed the phase equilibria depended on the polarity and hydrogen bonding characteristics of the solvents. The solubility of TDDS was reduced with increasing polarity/hydrogen bond character of the amphiphiles solvents.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943528

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The interaction of acid comonomers, crotonic acid, maleic monoesters, maleic acid with the surfactant, the sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid semiester with nonyl phenol etoxylated with 25 moles ethylene oxide (NPEO25SS) depends on the hydrophilicity of comonomers. The rate of initiator splitting reaction (potassium persulfate - KPS) in presence of NPEO25SS and of comonomers decreases with the increasing of acid comonomer concentration. This rule is valid in copolymerization of acid comonomers with vinyl acetate (VAc) below a small comonomer concentration, then the rate increases. The presence of some more hydrophobic comonomers maleic diesters, lowers the decomposition rate of KPS. These results are the effect of the stronger interaction of NPEO25SS with more hydrophobic polymer particles. In their presence the concentration of free NPEO25SS is lower and it can participate in the KPS - surfactant reaction and rise its rate to a lesser extent. Owing to some secondary acid comonomer - KPS reactions the productivity of initiator splitting decreases with acid comonomer concentration The glass transition temperatures of the thin films obtained in presence of acid comonomers, may increase or decrease, depending on the volume of the substituents of these comonomers.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943529

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Viscous and persistent foams made from surfactant solutions were obtained by subjecting coarse foams to flow through two or three refining screens. A screen refines the incoming coarse foam by shearing and/or extending and finally breaking up the bubbles as they approach and flow through the screen openings. For a screen to be effective, the generated strain rate, residence time and draw ratio should exceed the respective threshold values for bubble breakup. It is shown that all these threshold values can be lumped into a single parameter, that of the foam velocity through the screen openings. This velocity incorporates the characteristics of the screen, incoming foam, and the approaching foam velocity. For the resulting foam to be viscous and persistent, its velocity through the screen should be in a range, whose upper and lower limits depend on the viscosity of the solution and the characteristics of the incoming foam.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943530

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Interfacial tension data was obtained for kerosene and water in the presence of a demulsifier (DE5010) and a corrosion inhibitor (CP1260) used in offshore production. Mixtures of these additives exhibited synergistic effects resulting in a decrease in interfacial tension greater than that observed in the presence of single additives. The effect of the additives on the stability of kerosene in water emulsions was also determined. It was found that when present alone the demulsifier significantly destabilized the mixture but in the presence of the corrosion inhibitor it's effectiveness was markedly decreased. Drop size distribution data was obtained on-line for the same systems in a pilot plant flow loop. This data was compared with the relative stability of the dispersion determined from laboratory measurements.

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943531

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943532

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0193-2691    

DOI:10.1080/01932699608943533

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor