摘要:

AbstractExamined the prevalence of an interpersonal device, namely insult types, in a collectivistic and individualistic cultural context as an index of how the concept of person is culturally constructed. Insults were divided into three general categories, individualistic (those that refer directly to a person), relational (those that refer to a person and his/her significant relations) and swear‐words. An examination of the insults subjects produced in Catania, southern Italy (collectivistic), Trieste, northern Italy (individualistic) and Bologna, central Italy, partially confirmed the hypothesized differences in types of verbal abuse. In the collectivistic context instances of verbal abuse are significantly more likely to be directed to a person and his/her relations than in the individualistic context. The social psychological implications of these findings are discusse

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200602

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGroups of subjects participated in a series of 30 noncooperative independent single‐trial resource dilemmas. On each trial the subjects in each group requested privately a number of points from a common pool. Individual requests were granted if and only if the total group request was equal to or smaller than the pool size. The pool size on each trial was sampled randomly from a uniform distribution that was common knowledge. Asymmetry in payoff was induced by assigning to each group member a different points‐to‐money exchange rate. The results show that as the uncertainty about the pool size increases subjects (1) overestimate the pool size, (2) increase their requests, and (3) expect others to increase their requests. In addition (4) individual requests and expectations regarding others' requests are inversely related to the exchange rates, reflecting attempts to equate payoffs across group me

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200603

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the impact of social support for the minority position and the minority's argument refutation of the majority viewpoint. The results indicated that both the minority's refutation of majority arguments and majority defection to the minority position enhanced minority influence. Subjects changed more toward the minority position when the minority could refute the majority position than when the minority could not; the more arguments the minority refuted, the greater was minority influence. In addition, minority influence was a positive function of the number of the majority members who deserted to the minority position.

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200604

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA central contention of much of the literature about the nature of work values and the meaning of work is that there is (or at least has been) a consensual work ethic operating in modern industrial societies. This premise has surprisingly, rarely been put to the test. In this paper, evidence for a modern work ethic is obtained from the European Values Survey. The link between this work ethic and religion is then explored. While one conclusion of the analysis is that it is still an identifiably Protestant ethic, contextual analysis demonstrates that the effect of a country's religious culture is more potent than the religious beliefs of the individual.

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200605

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experiment (n = 61) investigated the effects of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity on ingroup favouritism, stereotyping and the overestimation of relative ingroup size. As predicted, outgroup homogeneity was conducive to ingroup favouritism. Ingroup homogeneity, however, failed to influence ingroup favouritism. Also unexpectedly, asymmetry in group homogeneity — irrespective of whether the ingroup or the outgroup was the more homogeneous group — led to pronounced stereotyping of both groups and to the overestimation of relative ingroup s

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200606

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults of two experiments using a ‘forbidden toy’ paradigm partially confirm those of a former study which showed an interaction between social‐class level of the children and threat severity on the final rankings of the toy. Lower‐class children derogated the forbidden toy more than middle‐class children in the harsh threat condition. Opposed results were observed in the mild threat condition. Interpretation of such results seems difficult in terms of cognitive dissonan

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200607

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this study, the following hypothesis concerning the social value of risk‐taking is advanced: young men who wish to assert themselves and to gain prestige tend to take greater risks in public when together with other young men than do young men who do not have these wishes, whereas there is no such difference in risk‐taking in private. This hypothesis is empirically tested and is suppor

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200608

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200609

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420200601

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY