摘要:

AbstractThe excitatory potential (low, high), the hedonic valence (negative, positive), and the type of content (erotic, non‐erotic) of visual stimuli were varied in a factorial design. Male subjects were provoked by a same‐sex peer, exposed to communication or, in a no‐exposure control, made to wait for a period of time equal to that of communication exposure, and then provided with an opportunity to retaliate against their annoyer. High excitatory potential and negative hedonic valence were found to combine additively in a facilitative effect on retaliatory aggression. No appreciable differences were found in the effect of excitationally and hedonically matched erotica and non‐erotica. Exposure to either arousing and displeasing erotica or non‐erotica produced levels of aggression significantly above the level associated with the no‐exposure control. Exposure to comparatively non‐arousing and pleasing erotica or non‐erotica failed to reduce aggression, however. The findings were considered to support a model that projects the effect of erotica on retaliatory aggression as a joint function of their excitatory potential and their

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study reported in this paper is concerned with social emotions. These are defined as states which are experienced either exclusively or more intensively before a real or imagined audience. It is argued that when social emotions arise as a consequence of disrupting social rules, this is because the actor in question is aware of a discrepancy between his or her self‐image, which is assumed to be neutral, and the image which he or she assumes to have conveyed to those who witness the incident, in a role‐playing experiment, subjects were presented with four situations depicting disruptions of routine activity, two of which involved rule disruption. These situations were described from one of two perspectives (actor or observer) and set in one of two social contexts (public or private). Results confirmed the main predictions, which were (1) that in the case of rule disruptions, the emotionality attributed to the actor would be greater in public than in private; (2) that dispositional ratings of the actor would reveal a discrepancy between self image and public image, and that this discrepancy would covary with the actor's emotionality; and (3) that dispositional ratings of the actor would reveal a discrepancy between public image and subjective public im

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this experiment social comparison on two task dimensions has been studied. The subjects received bogus feedback on their performance on two tests, one allegedly measuring creativity, the other alertness. By means of this feedback four relative position conditions were induced: scoring high on both tests, scoring low on both tests, scoring high on creativity and low on alertness, and vice versa. Anticipating either a co‐operative or a competitive game, the subjects indicated their preference for one or the other task dimension and also expressed their preference for a comparison person. It was found that, as predicted, the subjects preferred and valued comparison dimensions on which they occupied a favourable position. With respect to preference for a comparison person, compensatory choices were obtained: on the dimension on which the subject performed well, they preferred an inferior other. On the dimension on which they performed poorly, they preferred a superior other. This pattern of choices was found in co‐operation as well as in competition. Finally, upward preference was stronger in co‐operative than in competitive conditions, particularly on the dimension on which the subject's own score was low. These and other results were discussed in relation to theoretical social comparison no

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMost existing models of coalition formation and payoff distribution in groups rest upon normative considerations and are ambiguous in their predictions insofar as they do not determine which of several coalitions will most probably result. The paper sketches the basic features of a model derived from social psychological exchange‐and equity‐theory which predicts coalitions and payoff distributions for a variety of situations. The evaluation of the model by the results of several experiments indicates that it provides a reasonable starting point for further theoretical developments that are based empirical stud

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0046-2772    

DOI:10.1002/ejsp.2420110307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY