摘要:

X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) or (ESCA) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) have been combined in the same ultrahigh vacuum system to facilitate a new approach to studying clean and reacted surfaces. The design philosophy is to connect two satellite vacuum systems via a set of magnetically driven sample transfer devices. The advantages and capabilities of this approach are discussed with respect to its flexibility and its ability to couple to other surface techniques. XPS and static SIMS spectra of an oxidized polycrystalline indium film are presented to exemplify the type of information which can be gleaned from a multitechnique investigation of surfaces. The additional ability to prepare sample surfaces in our system by ion implantation is demonstrated by a positive‐ion SIMS analysis of a gold‐implanted aluminum foil.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135719

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A method of making real time measurements of airborne particle distributions above 1 &mgr;m is described. The method uses laser doppler velocimeter measurements of decelerating particles near the stagnation line of a cylinder in the flow. Experimental results for measurement of distributions in the 10–40 &mgr;m range indicate that the method works well in that range.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135720

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A simple one‐op‐amp constant current source which has great versatility is described. Its important features include a wide bandwidth (≳10 kHz) and the ability to float from third‐wire ground. Applications to three separate types of measurement are included, ac conductivity measurements on ionic conductors, Double‐ac Hall effect measurements, and tunneling measurements.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135728

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A Kerr cell has been constructed which can be used to study the Kerr effect in liquids from room temperature down to 77 K. At low temperatures, the cell windows are free of moisture. The cell has been tested and measurements on liquid carbon disulfide, between 170 and 300 K, are discussed.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135715

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A microprocessor‐based pulse programmer for pulsed NMR applications employing digital integrated circuit and microprocessor techniques is described. The pulse programmer was designed to be completely general with the capability to quickly and easily program any desired pulse sequence. Pulse sequenching and timing information is entered through any standard ASCII terminal using a programming language developed specifically for NMR. A resident text editor provides for easy pulse sequence modifications as well as a program library feature. A language translator and run‐time monitor transform this general hardware system into a ’’smart’’ pulse programmer capable of extended programming functions.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135729

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A linear position‐sensitive x‐ray detector for x‐ray spectroscopy and diffraction applications has been tested which can provide excellent spatial resolution, wide dynamic range and good sensitivity. The heart of the system is a self‐scanning, photosensitive silicon diode array. It is interfacedviafiber optics to a thin layer of ZnS which fluoresces visible light upon absorption of x‐radiation. The conversion to visible light and optical coupling provide several‐fold gain in the efficiency of detection as compared to the direct detection of x‐ray by the diode array. Equally important is that the array is protected from irreversible damage by high energy radiation, a limitation which previously hindered this application of silicon diode technology.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135730

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A system for measurement of the spectral radiance of materials shocked to high pressures (∼100 GPa) by impact using a light gas gun is described. Thermal radiation from the sample is sampled at six wavelength bands in the visible spectrum, and each signal is separately detected by solid‐state photodiodes, and recorded with a time resolution of ∼10 ns. Interpretation of the records in terms of temperature of transparent sample materials is discussed. Results of a series of exploratory experiments with metals are also given. Shock temperatures in the range 4000–8000 K have been reliably measured. Spectral radiance and temperatures have been determined with uncertainties of 2%.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135731

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

An improved circuit consisting of a simple voltage follower for the measurement of electron energy distribution function in a plasma has been proposed. This circuit makes it possible to eliminate the fluctuation of plasma space potential, the deviation of dc probe voltage caused by the probe current drawing across the plasma resistance, and the attenuation of the second derivative signal during the measurement, simultaneously. Both the probe circuit considerations and the experimental results are presented.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135732

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

An all‐metal automated Toepler pump has been developed with improved safety and reliability over the traditional glass pump. New applications cited include the preparation of standard gas mixtures and the transfer of gas for vapor phase reactions.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135733

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

An electrodeless conductivity probe has been designed and tested at temperatures up to 250 °C and pressures of 4.13 MPa (600 psi). A unique pressure seal permits temperature cycling. Design of the electronics permits accurate measurement of conductivities at various elevated temperatures in spite of the change of magnetic properties of the toroids with temperature. The design of the probe can be adapted for insertion, in‐line, or bypass operation.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1135734

出版商:AIP    

年代:1979

数据来源: AIP