摘要:

We present a simple design for an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) sample manipulator which allows rapid temperature changes from 2000 to 20 K while maintainingxyztranslations, rotation, and tilt capabilities. A mechanical heat switch is used between the cryogenic reservoir and the sample holder. The sample is kept electrically isolated at all times. A large thermal mass of the sample holder gives good temperature stability (1 K/h); yet temperature extremes can be obtained within a few minutes.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137523

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Some pitfalls of least‐squares polynomial (LSP) smoothing (better known to analytical chemists as Savitzky–Golay smoothing) are demonstrated and discussed, as well as some remedies. For instance, smoothing by long LSP sequences leads to transmission zeros, phase reversals, and overshoots that may be objectionable in some applications. An alternative method, the binomial smoothing filter, is described and some of its properties are presented. It is shown to be preferable to LSP smoothing in many cases. It is faster, better behaved in both the data and the frequency domains for many applications, and simpler to use and to program or to implement in hardware. Finally, the action of a filter of a given order is easy to predict.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137498

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The theoretical performance of the 127° electron analyzer equipped with a position‐sensitive detector has been discussed on the basis of a numerical calculation of electron trajectories. Including the Herzog correction in the calculation allows one to obtain good foci of electron onto almost all regions of the position‐sensitive detector; it suggests that electron energy loss spectroscopy with high‐energy resolution (&Dgr;E/E0=1.6×10−3) can be realized by the new analyzer. A nonlinear relation between the arriving point on the detector and electron energy has also been examined for some different fringing fields.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137524

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A high‐speed mechanical scanning stage for microscopic applications has been designed and constructed. It is especially suitable for high‐resolution confocal UV microscopy. It is a feedback design using electromagnetic actuators and piezoelectric sensors with motor‐driven screws for coarse adjustment. Scanning of areas up to 1 mm square at up to 300 lines per second is possible with positional resolution of better than 0.01 &mgr;m. An exceptionally stable optical system is also described.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137525

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A simple system for black‐and‐white image acquisition and treatment, based on a consumer TV camera and an Apple II microcomputer, is described. This system provides a real‐time analysis up to 20 images per second with a resolution of 40×48 pixels. The acquired images are displayed on the Apple monitor, at the same rate, with a color scale. The operation of the specially designed hardware interface is extensively explained, together with the associated software, and some applications are proposed.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137499

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The design of an assembly to transfer a surface barrier detector into and out of a UHV chamber is described.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137500

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A simple, easily constructed, two‐stage CuSO4solution ‘‘tube’’ resistive divider for measuring high‐voltage ns pulses has been developed. The test results for the divider showed that it was capable of maintaining pulse rise times less than 1.5 ns, and the hold‐off voltage for pulses with rise times less than 5 ns was above 120 kV.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137501

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A very simple circuit for driving two indicators showing the direction of rotation of reversible ac motors is described.

ISSN:0034-6748    

DOI:10.1063/1.1137502

出版商:AIP    

年代:1983

数据来源: AIP