摘要:

SUMMARYA case of delayed traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (Bollinger's “Spät‐apoplexie”) is discussed. A 2 1/2‐years old boy falls from some steps on to a road, strikes his head, develops a hematoma in the upper part, and has signs of concussion and fracture of the skull. Signs of right‐sided hemiparesis thereafter. Sudden death 23 months later after he had felt out of sorts for 3 weeks. A post‐mortem examination showed cyst formation in the brain stem (medulla oblongata) bounded by glia scar tissue containing some old blood pigment. A massive recent hemorrhage into and about the cyst. This case seems to meet all the requirements demanded for the diagnosis of “Spät‐apoplexie”.The literature of the subject is dealt with in full, particularly with reference to the genesis of these hemorrhages and the requirements to be fulfilled if this diagnosis is to be a

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo cases of hemangiopericytoma are described, one lodging in the mediastinum and the other in the subcutaneous layer. Another case of multiple glomus tumors, earlier recorded byBergstrand(5), is quoted. Among the latter re‐examination disclosed a tumor presenting the picture of hemangiopericytom

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY4 autopsied cases of lupus erythematosus disseminatus are described. The patients were women aged 19–37 years and the duration of the disease was from 7 months to 2 1/2 years. In all cases the first symptom was exanthema.At autopsy, Libman‐Sacks endocarditis was found in two cases. In all 4 cases, periarterial fibrosis of the follicular arteries in the spleen occurred. In arterioles and small arteries of different organs there was fibrinoid degeneration of the vessel wall, partly with moderate perivascular lymphocyte infiltration. In two cases, vascular changes in the kidneys formed characteristic “wire loop lesions” and there were groups of “hematoxylin bodies” in the glomerular tuft. “Hematoxylin bodies” were also found in the lymph nodes in two cases.Histochemical examinations revealed that the “hematoxylin bodies” contained desoxyribose‐nucleic acid and a tyrosin‐containing protein.Pathogenetic points of view recently brought forth concerning lupus erythematosus dis

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSix groups of guinea‐pigs, each consisting of 20 animals, were vaccinated with 10−6, 10−5, 10−4, 10−3, 10−2and 10−1mg BCG vaccine, half the animals in each group being vaccinated intraperitoneally and the other half subcutaneously. Forty‐two days later the animals were tested with tuberculin, and after a further 8 days challenged intravenously with 10−6mg virulent bovine tubercle bacilli. The animals were allowed to live until death occurred spontaneously. The survival time was used as the measure of the immune effect.Results.1. Both tuberculin sensitivity and immunity depend on the dose of vaccine used, but both reactions appear to remain constant when the dose is increased beyond 10−3mg.2. The lowest dose of vaccine which can cause tuberculin sensitivity and immunity in a large number of treated animals is 10−5mg.3. Though the survival time is prolonged by use of increasing doses of vaccine, there is no pronounced difference in the immunity in the 10−1group and in the tuberculin positive animals in the 10−5group.4. Under the experimental conditions in this study, tuberculin sensitivity is always accompanied by immunity.5. For a given dose there is no parallelism between the size of the tuberculin reaction and the extent of immunity.6. There is no difference betwen the survival times of the tuberculin negative animals in the vaccinated groups and those of the control animals.7. The acquired immunity is just as great, whether the animals are vaccinated intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. The tuberculin reactions are slightly bigger in the animals vac

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAn investigation has been made of the characteristics of the hemolysin response in rats after a single intraperitoneal injection of varied amounts of sheep erythrocytes.A detailed description of the hemolysin titration technic is given. The error of the method has been calculated and found to be small in comparison with the interindividual variation of the hemolysin response within groups of animals. The consequence of this circumstance for certain types of immunological research work is stressed.Previous work in this field has been confirmed with respect to the general type of the antibody curve. In addition the results suggest that larger doses of antigen gave an earlier maximum titer than smaller amounts. From the eighth day after the antigen injection and onwards the antibody curves seemed to assume a rather uniform slope.

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA report is given of an epizootic in white laboratory mice caused byStreptobacillus moniliformis, with healthy albino rats as the probable source of infection.The natural infection could be reproduced by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intravenous and intranasal inoculations and by feeding, as well as by contact with rats.It is proved that the portal of entry of the bacilli in feeding is not the intestines, but the throat and mouth, with a subsequent generalization of the infection via the submaxillary and cervical lymph nodes and vessels. Excretion of the streptobacilli with urine or bile could not be demonstrated with certainty.The symptoms of the spontaneous or experimentally produced disease are described and discussed.The epidemiology and possible modes of transmission of the infection under natural conditions are discussed.

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe experimental evidence presented in the present work shows that the L‐phase variant ofStreptobacillus moniliformisis in itself only slightly virulent to mice, if it is so at all.On intraperitoneal inoculation the infection remained latent until reversion to the bacillary form had occurred; it did not manifest itself if the reversion was more or less inhibited by an appropriate administration of penicillin.In contrast to the results obtained in previous experiments with the bacillary phase of S.moniliformis, it proved extremely difficult to infect mice intranasally with L1 cultures, and attempts to establish an infection by feeding completely failed.In addition, it is shown by immunization experiments that the bacillary phase ofS. moniliformisis a better immunizing antigen than the L‐phase variant is, as a vaccine prepared from the latter, though effective against infection with the homologous phase, was unable to prevent infection with streptobacillus cultures. Vaccination with a bacillary vaccine, on the other hand, conferred immunity against infection with both the homologous phase and the heterologous phase.The L‐phase ofS. moniliformismay therefore be regarded as a degraded variant: compared with the bacillary form, it is characterized by a deficiency of important biological prope

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA “completing medium” containing dextran, serum and sodium chloride was prepared especially with a view to the agglutination of red cells sensitized with incomplete anti‐A or anti‐B.The “completing medium” was used on a tile at room temperature (20°‐25°C) with an about 5 per cent suspension of the red cells in a saline solution. Readings were taken macroscopically after 10 minutes' slow, intermittent tilting and moving of the tile.The medium agglutinated red cells which were so weakly sensitized with anti‐A that the direct Coombs' test was negative.The medium agglutinated the red cells of two newborn infants with haemolytic disease owing to ABO incompatibility. Coombs' test was negative in both cases.The medium was used in examinations of 500 umbilical cord blood samples. 22 were of Rh‐positive children of Rh‐immunized mothers. Of the rest of the samples, 11 showed agglutination of the red cells in the medium. All 11 children were of group A or B. The mothers were all of group O. Coombs' test was faintly positive in 2 out of the 11 cases. Elution experiments were made in 10 out of the 11. It was demonstrated in all 10 cases that the child's red cells were sensitized with anti‐A or anti‐B.The dextran serum medium is better than a potent antiglobulin serum for the demonstration of A and B sensitization of red cells, but of no use for the demonstration of sensitizatio

ISSN:0365-5555    

DOI:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1956.tb03173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY