摘要:

This is the first of a two‐part retrospective on the role of the OMB budget examiner during the Reagan administration. Changes in the federal budget process, historical federal deficits and the inability of Congress to meet appropriation deadlines have significantly altered the role of OMB and its budget examiners, undermining the examiner’s traditional role as program analyst and controler. This part focuses on the preparation of the president’s budget and budget execution, and the compressed time in which OMB must respond to “top‐down” budget requirements. The summer of 1987 is presented as a case study of the demands now placed on OMB.Part Two, in the next issue, will focus on the budget examiner in the congressional budget process and in advocacy roles for th

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00796

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Due primarily to the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the municipal bond market has undergone great changes in the last two years. Because of severe limitations on the purposes for which and processes by which tax‐exempt bonds can be issued, the volume of new issues has fallen dramatically. Interest rates, while volatile, have been declining. The municipal market, although dealing with various cross‐currents of unrest emanating from credit quality problems, changing buyers, disclosure concerns, and adverse court decisions, nevertheless appears well positioned to concentrate its resources on its traditional role in the financing infrastruct

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00797

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Joint Financial Management Improvement Program was created by the Congress as a means to encourage and sanction cooperation between the executive and legislative branches in the improvement of the government’s financial management. This article traces the need for and development of the Joint Program. It also points out how underutilized the Joint Program is in today’s efforts by the federal government to develop financial systems which have real meaning for administrative and program managem

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00798

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Conceptual and operational differences between the municipal fiscal processes of appropriating and budgeting are examined. Examination is within the framework of Illinois practice, in which some cities prepare an operating budget while others prepare only an appropriation ordinance. The author finds that there are indeed conceptual and operational differences; budgeting is conceptually a more formal and multi‐dimensional process than appropriating, and such differences are reflected in the practices of Illinois cities. However, the operational differences are generally of small magnitude. The author recommends that initiation of a budget system be accompanied by programs for infusing fiscal decision making with new concepts and skill

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00799

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The experiences of the U.S. and of Italy in government credit programs are compared by their forms of assistance as well as in budgetary and accounting aspects. Public consensus and political implications in the two countries underly the different paths and foci, offering other perspectives for consideration of the current U.S. federal credit reform efforts.

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00800

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Foregone revenues of state and local governments have been mostly unreported. This is still a neglected subject in governmental accounting. Such significant amounts can make a difference in the choice between direct and indirect spending, and more budget officers are expected to consider the tax expenditure report as a supplement to budget documents.

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00801

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Privatization by sale of governmental financial assets provides a means to achieve program goals but does not preclude continued policy involvement. By loan guarantees the government has already privatized some aspects of its credit programs. Issues raised by loan sales differ from those concerning capital assets.

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00802

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies of the determinants of fiscal centralization have produced conflicting results. The difficulty may lie in reliance on cross‐section analyses and their presumptions of the sources and nature of change. Studies of the current relative positions of political units ignore historical factors which may have “pushed” units away from some sort of normal position. An historical analysis of the American states demonstrates these p

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00803

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0275-1100    

DOI:10.1111/1540-5850.00804

出版商:Blackwell Publishers Ltd.    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY