摘要:

A spatial equilibrium model with transfer and foreign exchange sectors is used to investigate certain aspects of the EEC sheepmeat regime. In particular, the effects on intra‐Community trade and social welfare of the variable levy on UK exports and a green/spot rate differential for sterling are identified. Alternative policy measures aimed at increasing trade are examined and the conclusions are then applied to the regime as it operates in practic

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00982.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents and applies a methodology designed to measure the extent of the investment incentives provided to U.K. farmers by the present tax system and the capital grants currently available. We identify and examine two aspects of these incentives, viz. enhanced profitability and increased financial feasibility, and investigate their sensitivity to changes in the rate of inflation and the marginal tax rate.

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A measure of relative producer performance is often useful for policy purposes and the concept of economic efficiency provides a theoretical basis for such a measure. Yet several authors argue that the concept of efficiency and conventional efficiency measures are meaningless for the evaluation of real‐world performance. This paper examines some of the issues and argues that producers' performance may be measured using the concept of technical efficiency. Alternative technical efficiency measures are examined including those of Timmer (1971) and Kopp (1981). A frontier production function is estimated for a cross‐section of North West farms and these two measures are computed under various assumptions on the fixity of agricultural inp

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1981 Agricultural Co‐operatives in the UK had total sales of £1.9 billion yet the behaviour of firms entitled ‘co‐operative’ remains little understood. The paper presents a system for classifying agricultural co‐operatives based on their financial structure and the means by which corporate financing is pursued. It is argued that differing co‐operatives, irrespective of their function, adopt quite separate and distinct capitalisation philosophies.Two basic types of co‐operative are identified—Capital Accumulative Co‐operatives and Capital Specific Co‐operatives. The latter type can be sub‐divided into Capital Extensive Co‐operatives and Capital Intensive Co‐operatives depending on the level of assets and finance controlled by the organisation.The paper details a number of organisational and operational differences between the co‐operative types and suggests that these have important implications where co‐operatives become in

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to estimate a bias‐free agricultural production function with a view to examining efficiency differences among small rice farmers. Simultaneous equation bias is avoided if we assume that farmers maximise expected profits; specification bias, which commonly occurs when a management input is omitted from such functions, is circumvented by introducing farm‐specific dummy variables into a combined cross‐sectional and time‐series data set. Applying this model to data for 32 Philippine rice farms between 1970 and 1979, rather small production‐elasticities are obtained for the conventional inputs and an efficiency ranking of the farms is presented. Second stage analysis shows that differences in soil type, land tenure, education and access to credit are important factors explaining these efficiency di

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00986.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When yields of a variety are a non‐linear function of a relevant environmental condition, variability of this condition affects the average level of yields, and may favour one variety in comparison to another. When the yield function is strictly concave (exhibits diminishing marginal yield as a function of the environmental condition), heightened environmental variability increases the likelihood of the variety with the smallest change in marginal yield, the more tolerant one, maximising yield on average. However, if the yield function is strictly convex (increasing marginal yields are the case) increased environmental variability raises the likelihood of the variety with the greatest change in marginal yield, the less tolerant one, maximising yields on average. Examples are given, and simple rules are stated for choosing the variety that maximises average yields when yield functions are quadratic. The analysis can be adapted to decision‐making in which average profit or expected utility, rather than average yield, is to be maximi

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00987.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00988.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00989.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00990.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-857X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1477-9552.1983.tb00991.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY