摘要:

AbstractOutlines are given of an ‘ethological’ programme of research into the social psychology of dementia in old age. Here the manifestations and progress of a dementing illness are seen to be crucially dependent on the nature of the interpersonal context. The quality of dementia care can be evaluated, including quantitative measures. Earlier conceptualizations of the dementing process were overly deterministic and pessimistic. New challenges are created for service provision and pol

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080702

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSexual problems associated with dementia fall into four groups: problems involving an established partner, problems involving a new partner, problems occurring independent of a sexual partner (sexual acting out, inappropriate sexual talk, false sexual allegations) and sexual abuse. The whole area has received little attention despite the major consequences for patients, partners and carers.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080703

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferences between age‐associated memory impairment and mild dementia have yet to be clarified. Attempts to validate the diagnosis of mild dementia have raised considerable difficulties in the absence of a ‘gold standard’. Agreed criteria of mild dementia are still lacking. Progressive deterioration of cognition is generally held to be a cardinal feature of dementia. Many of the multiple factors which can impair cognition and give a spurious impression of mild dementia still present major methodological problems. Agreed diagnostic criteria, use of standardized measuring instruments, clinical interview, key informant inquiry and possibly psychometric testing are highly desirable in order to detect early dementia. For epidemiological surveys reliable screening instruments are important. It is concluded that, at present, there are too many fundamental conceptual and methodological problems to be overcome before we can successfully undertake large‐scale community epidemiological studies of mild d

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080704

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a previous study, combinations of two short screening tests for dementia appeared to have clear advantages over the use of one test both for the efficacy of case detection and for the comparability of studies. In the present study these results were replicated using different sampling rules for the first and second phases of the screening procedure. Preferences for specific test combinations are discussed.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080705

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA total of 1029 elderly persons aged 75 years and above, selected at random from two different samples, were examined to estimate the prevalence rate of dementia in the elderly. Of these, 334 were living at home, 518 in nursing homes, and 177 in homes for the aged. Dementia was diagnosed according to DSM‐III. The estimated prevalence rate for the total population aged 75 years and over was 16.3%, slightly higher in women (16.5%) than in men (15.8%). Nearly half (7.8%) lived in institutions, mainly in nursing homes. In the sample living at home, the prevalence rate was 10.5%, in the nursing homes 71.6%, and in the homes for the aged 22.6%. In subjects living in nursing homes, the prevalence rate was significantly higher in women, 77.8%, then in men, 54.1

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080706

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSixteen out of 58 patients assessed at a day hospital for probable dementia fulfilled the study definition for idiopathic clouding of consciousness. These patients were significantly more likely than other patients in the sample to have visual hallucinations, depression, extrapyramidal symptoms and to experience falls. They hence had the same symptom profile as patients described as having cortical Lewy body dementia, an observation supported by the fact that 14 of the 16 fulfilled McKeith's criteria for the aforementioned condition. Fifty per cent of the patients with idiopathic clouding of consciousness had a family history of Parkinson's disease. The implications of the findings are discussed.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080707

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeven cases of atrial arrhythmia associated with nortriptyline in elderly patients are presented. The clinical and therapeutic significance of our observations is discussed.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080708

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of the study is to evaluate risk factors of disability in a population of 64 patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. The subjects were consecutively recruited at the day hospital service of an Alzheimer's dementia care unit. The associations between activities of daily living and age, cognitive status, affective status, cognitive symptoms duration and number of diseases were evaluated within a multidimensional assessment programme. Cognitive performance, as detected by the Mini‐Mental Status Examination, was the main independent predictor of disability; other independent predictors of disability were age and cognitive disease duration. Number of diseases—physical and mental–and self‐rated depression scores were not independently associated with disability. It is concluded that, in a population of Alzheimer's patients, cognitive impairment has a high impact on the aetiology of disability, but other variables such as age and disease duration should be taken into account. It is also suggested that cognitive performance is the most important indicator of performance in activities of daily

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080709

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 12‐month prospective study of a randomly selected group of acute geriatric medical inpatients was carried out. Twenty‐three of the original sample of 72 were diagnosed as cases of depression on entry into the study and commenced on treatment with fluoxetine 20 mg mane. Follow‐up at 3 months showed a significantly increased death rate in the depressed group (p<0.05) which was reversed in those surviving to 12 months, this trend to a lower mortality not reaching significance. Two patients did not continue their antidepressants after leaving hospital and remained depressed at 3‐month follow‐up. The effect of treatment versus no treatment was significant (p<0.03). The incidence of depression in the psychologically well group was 14% over the 12‐month period, understandably high when seen in the context of their continuing physical problems. None of the treated depressed group relapsed during the s

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080710

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study looks at the efficacy of brief focused cognitive‐behavioural group intervention in the treatment of mood disorders in older adults in different diagnostic groups. At 1‐year follow‐up, out of a total of 27 patients, 70% required no input from the mental health services and also reported that they were ‘recovered’ and functioning well. When separated into two groups according to the diagnoses on DSM‐III‐R, 92% of the major depressive episode (MDE) group in contrast to 50% of the other disorders group were discharged and functioning well. This suggests that selection of patients using the DSM‐III‐R diagnostic method has helped to identify which depressed elderly people benefit most. A tentative link between personality difficulties is proposed as a possible ob

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930080711

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY