ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis investigation concerns the mental changes associated with Lewy bodies. Lewy bodies are inclusion bodies found in nerve cells and are characteristic of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. It has also been suggested that they may occur as a normal ageing change. Previous literature concerning the psychiatric symptoms of Lewy body disease is reviewed. Dementia and parkinsonism‐associated depression have been previously recognized. For this study the psychiatric histories of two groups of autopsied mental hospital patients were compared; one group with Lewy bodies, and one group without Lewy bodies. There were 212 autopsies. Of these, 15 had Lewy bodies and 197 did not. Clinical and neuropathological descriptions of those with Lewy bodies are given. Findings are also presented in tabulated form, and the groups are compared statistically. Clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and admission with a paranoid diagnosis were the findings most associated with Lewy bodies. It is suggested that paranoia may sometimes be an early symptom of Lewy body disease. The problem of patients with psychosis who subsequently develop idiopathic Parkinson's disease is discussed. Such patients could be misidentified and mistreated because of being diagnosed as drug‐induced parkinson

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMeta‐analytic techniques were used to integrate the Wechsler Adult Intelligence (WAIS) scores of healthy elderly subjects and Alzheimer type dementia patients from 21 studies. Although age‐scaled scores for demented subjects were lower than those of healthy elderly subjects for all subtests, the profiles for both groups were essentially parallel, with no subtest having significantly poorer scores than the others for the dementia patients. The pattern confirms other findings that verbal tests do not ‘hold’ to a greater degree than performance tests in d

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAccurate diagnosis in life of the underlying pathology in the dementias of old age remains difficult despite improvements in the specification of diagnostic criteria. The present study sought to determine the influence of age, comprehensiveness of investigations, severity of dementia and length of delay between investigation and autopsy on the level of clinicopathological diagnostic accuracy achieved. We were unable to identify any single factor which significantly enhanced or impaired overall diagnostic accuracy.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐one inpatients on a psychogeriatric unit were assigned randomly to a haloperidol or oxazepam treatment group. Drug effects were assessed with three psychiatric rating scales and direct behavioral observation. The behavioral microanalysis employed two separate systems of observation: aberrant behaviors were assessed by recording the frequency of behaviors per hour, and the activities assessment (eg social interaction, sleeping) sampled each resident's behaviors during two 10‐min intervals per day. Results showed no differences between drug groups on any of the assessments, except for engagement in activities from the activities assessment. A modest non‐significant decrease in symptoms was noted on all psychiatric assessments. The behavioral observations showed very low pretreatment levels of aberrant behaviors. Non‐significant post‐treatment decreases were observed for disruptive vocalizations, paranoid verbalization, and non‐compliance; rates of physical aggression and psychomotor agitation increased somewhat. The potential role of behavioral microanalysis in nursing homes is discussed in light of new HCFA

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and sixty‐four patients admitted to a psychogeriatric unit were given a combination of four different cognitive tests: the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Abbreviated Mental Test Score, The Felix Post Unit Score and the compilation of tests recommended by the MRC Alzheimer's Disease Workshop. The tests were compared with respect to their ability to sort accurately cases of dementia and depression, and the effects of age and education on test score and misclassification rate with diagnosis controlled for. The MMSE had a very high misclassification rate for the poorly educated and depressed group. The logistical discriminant functional analysis selected only eight items as the best discriminators between organic/ functional or dementia/depression groups. Only one of these eight was not either a memory or orientation test. The value of simply adding up tests of different aspects of cognitive function in dementia assessment or screening is questione

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have collected data on 39 persons with late‐life onset of paranoid symptoms, all but two of whom are women. We identified a subset of nine patients that met the criteria for delusional disorder. This group differed significantly from both demented and long‐term schizophrenic patients on a number of variables. There was only one live birth among these nine women; more than half were refugees or holocaust survivors; there was an absence of a predicted sensory loss; and the manifestation of the paranoia was qualitatively different. Several issues are discussed: there is a late‐life delusional state that is neither schizophrenia nor dementia; the paranoia in these delusionally disordered patients cannot be accounted for exclusively by the social isolation hypothesis; there is an interaction among early trauma, the absence of children, and the appearance of paranoid ideation late in

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey of patients' property and clothing was carried out on 11 long‐stay wards for the elderly confused in one health district. The results revealed a significant variance across the wards for both possessions and clothing. The potential effects on patient ownership of patient sex, physical dependency, availability of storage facilities, ward relocation and the practices of the staff are discusse

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn acute psychogeriatric inpatient assessment unit was studied over a six‐month period. Information collected retrospectively from case notes included details of each patient's circumstances, support, diagnosis and treatment. Input data from each of the professionals in the multidisciplinary team were collected and patient outcome was judged by a professional blind to the nature of this project. Characteristics of this patient group are summarized. The occupational therapist, psychologist and social worker concentrated their time on the same set of patients who were not those judged most demanding by the nursing staff. The OT concentrated on patients with a good outcome and the social worker tended to see patients with long admissions.The results are discussed for their relevance to allocation of resources, multidisciplinary team functioning, and clinical audi

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY