ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSociodemographic characteristics in later life are associated with differentials in both health status and the need for health and other services. An understanding of how sociodemographic changes affect both ageing individuals and the elderly population is therefore important for health care planning. Three aspects of this issue are considered. Changes in the demographic composition of the elderly population, including projected increases in the number of very old people and in the ratio of men to women, are discussed in the first section. The second section based on longitudinal data, concerns sociodemographic differentials in age‐related household changes, and shows that, for example, both housing tenure and density of the local elderly population seem to be associated with differentials in the probability of moving into an institution. In the third section possible influences on the supply of informal support are considered. At the moment there is no evidence that working women or the divorced are less likely than others to live with an elderly parent (including an elderly parent they care for), but further work in this area is neede

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEighty‐six residents of 12 local authority homes for the elderly were interviewed with the Geriatric Mental State (GMS) in 1985/6 after having been classed as depressed by a screening interview. The data so gathered were analysed by the computerized diagnostic program AGECAT in order to derive psychiatric diagnoses for these residents. All were traced after four years; 61 were dead. The 25 survivors were reinterviewed and given a second AGECAT diagnosis. In 1985/6 70 of the 86 examined were ‘diagnostic cases’ of psychiatric disorder. After four years 22 of the 25 survivors were classed as diagnostic cases. AGECAT diagnoses of organic psychosis were stable over four years within this population though the majority of subjects so diagnosed died within four years. Cases of depression had a more varied prognosis, with death, continunce as cases of depression or progression to organic psychosis being the most common outcomes. Recovery from any class of AGECAT disorder was an uncommon

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a controlled study, benzodiazepine treatment was gradually discontinued from a group of elderly nursing home residents. In comparison with similar residents who continued on benzodiazepines, measures of memory and cognitive functioning showed significant improvement following discontinuance. There was no associated increase in anxiety, agitation, or sleeplessness. These data are consistent with previous observations suggesting that benzodiazepines impair cognitive function in the elderly and further indicate that such impairment is reversible upon benzodiazepine discontinuance.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article describes the requirements for a system of evaluating the quality of the environment on long‐stay wards for elderly demented patients. For the purposes of the study, environment is defined as the physical and social conditions on the ward. A review of available measures of environmental quality is provided. The creation of six rating scales to assess environmental quality is described including tests of their reliability and validity. Problems encountered during the development of the rating scales are discusse

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA compendium instrument of five widely used dementia screening scales was applied to 550 subjects 65 years and older. Black, Hispanic and white groups were approximately equal in size. Recruitment was designed to produce an uneven and unknown mix of dementia cases and normals among these groups. A complex challenge to assessment and classification was thus contrived, approximating key aspects of the problem posed to cross‐cultural epidemiology. The published scoring systems of these dementia screens gave drastically conflicting results for absolute and culturally relative rates of cognitive impairment. The conflicts between scales appeared to be largely due to the varying sensitivities of the scales and, to a lesser extent, sociocultural bias. The conflicts were partially resolved through adjustments of the scale cut point

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between the serum concentrations of tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine), two of its metabolites and age, sex and therapeutic effect was examined. The improvement in two measures of cognitive function previously reported to show significant changes with the drug (MMSE and AMTS) correlated with blood levels to a modest but significant degree. Age was associated with higher levels of the drug and of its metabolites but there were no differences between males and females on any of the variables examined. The dose required to achieve adequate levels and therapeutic change is estimated to be at least 125 mg of tacrine hydrochloride or 100 mg of the active base. It is suggested that the full therapeutic value of the drug cannot be estimated at doses much below this and that this might explain some of the discrepant results reported in the literature.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe medication actually taken by 223 elderly people referred for a psychiatric opinion and seen in their own residence was compared with that reported in a very similar study made 10 years earlier. Though the average age had increased by two and a half years and there had been a great increase in those living in care homes (where more medication was used), the average consumption of medications fell. Numbers of patients on no medication doubled. Drugs used for physical illnesses and depression were unchanged. There was a marked fall in use of benzodiazepines, especially by day, and chlormethiazole. A move to shorter acting benzodiazepines was recorded. Suggested reasons for this change include: availability of alternative management techniques and therapies, education of prescribers, threats of litigation and a change in attitude of patients, relatives and staff.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween 1974 and 1987 there were increases overall in male suicide rates in the USA, with the greatest increases among elderly men. While female suicide levels overall fell in the USA, elderly female suicide rates failed to show the same improvement. Compared with the rest of the western world, suicide rates for elderly people in the USA were among the worst. Suicide was far more prevalent than homicide, but this is not reflected in the media, where homicide is given a high profile but where there is relative silence surrounding suicide among elderly people.

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn elderly woman who presented with a manic depressive psychosis and the narcolepsy‐cataplexy syndrome is described. Cataplexy occurred only during hypomania. Other narcoleptic symptoms were more evident during depression. We are not aware of previous reports of an interaction between these two conditions, which is of considerable interes

ISSN:0885-6230    

DOI:10.1002/gps.930070211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY