摘要:

SYNOPSISSignificantly lower met‐enkephalin levels were found in CSF from cluster headache sufferers as compared to age‐matched healthy volunteers, whereas it was not possible to demonstrate any clear‐cut difference for ß‐endorphin. CSF opioid levels may rise following manual or electroacupuncture. It was studied whether traditional Chinese (manual) acupuncture affected CSF levels of met‐enkephalin or (ß‐endorphin in these patients, and to what extent this treatment would be beneficial for the headache. A significant rise in lumbar CSF met‐enkephalin levels was found, whereas no clear change in ß‐endorphin levels was obtained. The treatment was, however, of little value in preve

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908494.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISPGE2and TXA2levels and their modulation by nicardipine, a calcium blocking agent, have been studied in patients suffering from migraine. The levels of both metabolites were determined in saliva obtained during the migraine attacks, during the intervals between attacks, and after 2 months of treatment with nicardipine (20 mg every 8 h.) or placebo. The therapeutic response was evaluated on the basis of the number of migraine attacks. The results show a significant increase in the levels of both eicosanoids during the migraine attacks. In contrast to the placebo group, the number of migraine attacks and the levels of both arachidonic acid metabolites are markedly lower in the nicardipine group. Our results suggest calcium entry into the cytosol as an explanation for the increase in PGE2and TXA2. Nicardipine interferes with calcium mobilization, thereby inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolite synthesis.

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908498.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISWolff described three types of post‐traumatic headaches (PTH). In type II PTH, the pain is located at the site of injury. Local soft tissue trauma and direct damage or entrapment of sensory nerves in the scar tissue are thought to be responsible for this type of headache. It is often difficult to study the neurological and autonomic changes in the scalp in these patients. We report here 8 patients with PTH in whom the site of injury was on the face thereby allowing us to evaluate the local neurological changes with greater accuracy. The results of this study corroborate Wolff's view of the pathogenesis of type II or “site of injury

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908502.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe efficacy of ibuprofen in comparison with that of placebo was assessed in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. The material consisted of 40 migraine patients. Each treatment period continued for five migraine attacks. The initial dose of ibuprofen was 800 mg, with additional 400 mg taken if and when needed. The mean duration of migraine attacks treated with ibuprofen was significantly shorter than the duration of migraine attacks treated with placebo. Need for supplementary medication was also significantly lower in the ibuprofen‐treated migraine attack group. Ibuprofen was well tolerated and no marked side effects were reported during the tria

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908507.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISWe studied long‐term prognosis and prognostic variables for therapeutic outcome of analgesic withdrawal in 54 patients with drug‐induced headaches. The duration of headache history was 21.9 ± 12.8 years. Each patient took an average of 38.8±22.8 tablets or suppositories a week and an average of 2.5 distinct drugs. Most patients used drugs containing several components. Caffeine was contained in at least one drug in all cases, ergotamine in 80.0% and pyrazolon in 77.1%. All patients were admitted to the hospital for two weeks. The analgesics were discontinued abruptly and the withdrawal symptoms were alleviated by neuroleptics and neurotropics. During the second week of hospital stay we started a basic therapy with calcium antagonists or beta blockers in patients suffering from migraine initially and with tricyclic antidepressants, physical therapy or biofeedback in patients suffering from tension type headaches initially. At the end of the study (mean follow‐up period = 16.8±13.6 months) 38 patients (70.1%) were evaluated. 76.3% of these patients had significantly reduced their analgesic intake, 60.5% had experienced a significant relief of headache both in intensity and frequency, and 23.7% were therapeutic failures. Analysis of the time course of relapse revealed the first six month after hospital discharge as the critical period determining long‐term success. The variables tested for prognostic relevance (age, sex,duration of headache history, number of tablets or suppositories taken a week, organic mental syndrome, and type of initial headaches) were not statistically s

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908510.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISA post‐traumatic headache patient was experiencing “flashing lights” in her visual field that correlated with sharp waves on the EEG. Phenytoin markedly improved the symptoms. The value of the EEG in post‐traumatic headaches is reviewed. The use of phenytoin in headache syndromes and in prevention of post‐traumatic epilepsy is

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908515.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThe analgesic effects of lidocaine and tocainide on trigeminal neuralgia have been established. However, both drugs are unpractical: lidocaine can only be used intravenously, and tocainide may exhibit serious haematological side effects. Mexiletine, a structural analogue of lidocaine that can be safely administered by the oral route, was given, as the sole drug, to four patients with active trigeminal neuralgia. After at least seven days on mexiletine they had no clear benefit. The four patients subsequently improved with carbamazepine or phenytoin. Our observations suggest that mexiletine alone is not of value in trigeminal neuralgia.

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908517.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISIn order to identify those myelographic risk factors associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects, myelographic technique, patient variables and post‐myelographic symptoms were prospectively recorded in a group of 152 patients studied with iopamidol and in a second group of 28 patients studied with iohexol.None of the technical factors studied were identified to have a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of adverse reactions. Older patients fared better than younger patients in both groups. Overall, there was a lower incidence of side effects in the iopomidol group (29%) than in the iohexol group (50%). Headache, nausea, and vomiting were the most frequent reactions see

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908519.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISIn a questionnaire survey we determined the prevalence of visual symptoms and eye strain factors in a group of chronic headache sufferers as compared with age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The visual symptoms studied were those not pecific for headache, i.e., sensitivity to light and blurred vision. Sensitivity to light in the absence of headache was reported by 27.8% of controls and 44.7% of headache sufferers (p<0.05). The latter figure increased to 71.3% when headache was actually present (p<0.001). Blurred vision occurred in 13.5% of controls and 7.4% of headache sufferers (not significant). In the presence of headache, the latter figure increased to 44.7% (p<0.01).Of the eye strain factors studied, bright light was reported to precipitate headache in 29.3% and to aggravate it in 73.4%. For reading, these figures were 16.0% and 55.3%, respectively; for working at the computer screen, 14.5% and 31.3%; and for watching television, 6.4% and 27.7%. We conclude that visual symptoms are more common in chronic headache and eye strain factors more important than is generally recogni

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908523.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISRegular home practice of non‐drug training techniques is assumed essential for improved headache control. In numerous research studies on non‐drug treatment efficacy, subjects have been routinely required to practice daily self‐regulation techniques. This paper examines the relationship between amount of home practice and treatment outcome, and the extent to which subjects adhere to training requirements.A total of 42 subjects completed daily home practice records for 32 weeks. Fourteen subjects had randomly been assigned to an autogenic phases group, 17 to an electromyographic biofeedback group, and 11 to a thermal training group. All subjects charted frequency of practice, change of feeling in the target area, time required to bring about the change, and general body relaxation.Relationships between subject compliance and 11 selected variables including demographics, headache activity components, treatment group, and treatment outcome were evaluated. Results support home practice, but place greater emphasis on its quality rather than its qua

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1989.hed2908528.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY