摘要:

SYNOPSISEighty‐three unselected patients attending the City of London Migraine Clinic for the first time were askedabout their drug intake and use of alternative treatment.Thirty‐one of those questioned took regular daily doses of medication. Fifteen were taking a combination of drugs bought 'over the counter' (OTC) and drugs prescribed by their GP; eleven took OTC drugs only; and 5 took prescription drugs only. It was noticeable that those taking drugs prescribed both by the GP and obtainable over the counter were more likely than the other groups to be taking several drugs rather than a single type. Thirty five of the 83 (42.2%) had tried alternative treatments for their atta

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009571.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISConsumption of monosodium glutamate has long been considered to precipitate headaches in susceptible patients. In this study the direct effects of glutamate and its metabolite, glutamine, on arterial contractility were examined using rings of rabbit aorta. In a high concentration glutamate caused significant concentration‐dependent contractions (EC50, 10‐1M; maximum tension, 188.4±33.3 mg wt tension/mg tissue). Agonists and antagonists for a‐adrenergic, histaminergic, serotonergic, cholinergic, and GABA‐nergic receptors as well as inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis failed to influence glutamate contractions. At high concentrations (10‐5M) the calcium channel blocker, verapamil, inhibited the glutamate response. Glutamate and glutamine both exhibited concentration dependent relaxation of norepinephrine (NE), phenylephrine (PE), histamine, serotonin (5‐HT), and prostaglandin F2a(PGF2a)‐induced contractions. Kainic acid (10‐4M), an agonist of one subpopulation of central glutamate receptor, potentiated glutamate‐induced vasoconstriction; a higher concentration (10 ‐3 M) produced an irreversible inhibition of glutamate contractility. Only the central glutamate receptor antagonist, ketamine (10‐4‐10‐2M), induced a reversible, concentration dependent inhibition of glutamate‐induced contractions. Glutamate contractility was not dependent on extracellular calcium, an intact endothelium or neuronal function. These results demonstrate a direct effect of glutamate on peripheral arterial tone. Dietary consumption of large quantities of MSG may represent a serious health hazard to certain individuals with p

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009575.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISChange of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) concentrations in platelets from patients with chronic tension‐type headache (TH) and controls were observed during cold pressor test (CPT). Before cold stimulation, 5‐HT concentrations in platelets from patients with TH were significantly lower than those found in controls. One minute after the start of cold stimulation, 5‐HT levels in platelets from patients with TH were significantly much lower than in the controls, as control levels rose and TH levels fell. The results show that, under stress, the absorbance of 5‐HT into the platelets in patients with TH is reduced. It is suggested that, in patients with TH, there are abnormalities of 5‐HT uptake into platelets and factors which cause release of 5‐HT

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009581.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISTo investigate the involvement of the trigeminal system in cluster headache, in twelve subjects the electrically‐elicited blink reflex during a symptomatic period was examined. In eleven cases, the amplitude of the contralateral R2 response on the symptomatic side was significantly lower. at the same stimulus intensity, than on the asymptomatic side (p = 0.005). The blink reflex can be useful to evaluate biologicaland drug‐induced phenomena in cluster heada

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.3009584.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISChildhood headache is a common pediatric problem. Clinical researchers have evaluated several behavioral treatments, such as biofeedback and relaxation training, that may be viable interventions. Adding a developmental perspective to the evaluation and treatment of childhood headache is a likely way to increase the effectiveness of these strategies. This paper presents developmental issues related to the assessment and treatment of childhood headache. Three major areas of development are examined and the impact of these areas on the treatment and assessment of headache are discussed. The three major areas are cognitive development, self‐regulation and psychosocial development. Provided are practical suggestions for the application of child development principles to assessment and intervention practices that may be more developmentally appropriat

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009586.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISSixty‐two female patients with chronic tension headache were randomly divided into two treatment groups ‐ acupuncture and physiotherapy. Their overall function (Sickness Impact Profile), and mental well‐being (Mood Adjective Check List) and the intensity and frequency of headache were assessed before and after treatment. Before treatment the patients showed significantly more dysfunction and less positive mental well‐being than a general population sample. Both treatment groups improved in overall function, the physiotherapy group somewhat more, The mental well‐being increased only in the physiotherapy group. The intensity and frequency of headache was significantly reduced in both the physiotherapy group and the acupuncture group. The intensity ofheadachewas significantly more improved in the physiotherapy group. The improvement of headache intensity persisted unchanged 7–12 months afte

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009593.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISMany headache patients complain of poor sleep, and sleep disturbance has been shown to play a role in chronic pain. We recorded nocturnal sleep with a 4‐channel cassette EEG monitoring device in 10 common migraine patients, 10 individuals with muscle contraction (tension) headache, and 10 chronic tension‐vascular headache sufferers.Migraine patients had essentially normal sleep, although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and REM latency were increased. Patients with tension headache had reduced sleep time and sleep efficiency, decreased sleep latency but frequent awakenings, increased nocturnal movements, and marked reduction in slow wave sleep, without change in REM sleep or latency. Mixed‐element headaches with both tension and vascular features were associated with reduced sleep, increased awakening, diminished slow wave sleep, and REM sleep that was decreased in amount and reduced in latency.The findings suggest that patients with intermittent migraine may have minimal sleep disturbance, while chronic headache may be worsened by chronically poor sleep. Muscle contraction headache may be associated with frequent awakenings and decreased slow wave sleep similar to the sleep changes of fibrositis, while chronic tension‐vascular headache may have a depressive substrate. Four‐channel sleep recording may miss contributory sleep apnea, but nonetheless cassette EEG may facilitate outpatient evaluation of refractory

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009600.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISTheContingentNegative Variation (CNV) is an event‐related slow potential. It was recorded in healthy volunteers (n = 8) and in patients suffering from migraine without (n = 12) or with (n = 5) aura, during one (CNV1) and three second (CNV3) foreperiods in a forewarned reaction time task. CNV1 was recorded at the vertex while CNV3 was recorded at multiple electrode sites to assess topographical differences. Seven out of twelve migraine patients without aura had increased CNV1 amplitudes. CNV3 amplitudes were increased as well, but only at electrode positions C3 and C4 and not at F2. CNV3, which allows for analysis of both an early and a late CNV component, could improve the discrimination of migraine without aura beyond that of CNV1. In migraine with aura all CNV parameters were at control levels, confirming previous results.The data obtained are discussed in terms of arousal, activation and stress and the “biobehavioral medal of migraine” (Welch,

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009604.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009614.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3009618_a.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY