摘要:

SYNOPSISCalcium channel antagonists selectively block intracerebral vasoconstriction and appear clinically effective in the treatment of migraine. Thein vitromethod described in the present report measured both the absolute and relative potencies of a group of calcium blockers. The dihydropyridine drugs, nimodipine and nifedipine, were both the most potent and selective of the calcium antagonists studied. Cinnarizine and flunarizine were essentially equipotent in both basliar and femoral arteries while the traditional therapeutic agents, cyproheptadine and amitriptyline, were 10‐fold more potent in femoral than basilar artery. This rapidin vitromethod may provide pharmacologic information which can be used as a guide in the selection of calcium channel antagonists for future clinical trial

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402055.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISBiofeedback training for vascular and neuromuscular (EMG) control has been used for the treatment of migraine, chronic muscle contraction headaches, and myofascial pain syndromes. Many patients undergoing this training are concurrently taking propranolol, a beta blocker, and/or amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant which inhibits re‐uptake of serotonin. There is an extreme paucity of information delineating the effects and interactions of these medications in patients learning autonomically mediated vascular control through biofeedback. In this pilot study we examined the ability of patients to learnvascular control and neuromuscular control. Four groups of patients were used: those taking no medication, those taking propranolol or amitriptyline alone, and patients using both medications. Results indicate the use of propranolol in patients learning vascular control produces a markedly increased variability in the ability of patients to control physiological parameters; this difficulty is also manifested in EMG training of patients taking only amitriptyline. Those within group variances were found to be negated by the use of both medications together. In spite of these findings, all groups did reach training criterion. In some patients the inability to easily control baseline physiological parameters may induce enough frustration to cause premature termination of training. It is postulated that the effectiveness of biofeedback training might be enhanced in patients not concurrently taking medications with autonomic effect

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402059.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISBiofeedback training is assumed to attenuate the psychophysiological effects of cognitive stressors. This study compared the effects of four varieties of biofeedback, namely, frontalis EMG, finger temperature, skin conductance, and false EMG feedback, in the treatment of severe migraine headache. Before and after treatment there was a psychophysiological assessment during attempted relaxation and during exposure to a variety of cognitive stressors. There was a statistically and clinically significant reduction in headache activity after treatment, with the four procedures being equally effective. Frontalis EMG biofeedback was superior to finger temperature, skin conductance, and false EMG biofeedback as a means of reducing scalp muscle tension, and showed some generalization to other physiological measures. There was no evidence that the physiological effects of the cognitive stressors were modified by any of the biofeedback procedures.

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402070.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISFemale migraineurs frequently report a severe migraine headache a few days prior to, during, or immediately following a menstrual period. Menstrual migraines were identified in a study of 193 migraineurswho participatedin a controlled, experimental, outcome study of non‐drug treatments for the control of migraine headaches. Participants were required to monitor their daily headache activity and drug usage for 36 weeks and were assigned to one of four groups: (1) No Treatment; (2) Autogenic Phrases; (3) Electromyographic Feedback, and (4) Thermal Feedback. Data were reduced and analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and covariance. There was a tendency for all groups to improve over the 36 weeks. No significant difference was found among the four groups in headache improvemen

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402075.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISComparisons of responses in a month long Headache Diary were made among three groups of carefully characterized headache sufferers (41 tension, 25 migraine, and 25 combined migraine and tension) and revealed more headache‐free days per week for the migraineurs than the other two groups but more daily average headache activity (headache index) for the tension headache patients than for the migraineurs. Multiple regression analyses of potential predictors from the biological realm (psychophysiological responses), psychological realm (psychological test scores) and social realm (social‐demographic data) on headache index revealed stronger biological influences on tension headache than on migraine or combined headache but less psychological influence. The relation of social‐demographic variables to headache index was roughly equivalent across all three headache

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402079.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISThis study evaluated the effects of three positions (reclining, standing, sitting) and four movements (leftand right cervical rotation; left and right lateral tilt) on the frontalis, sternocleidomastoid, and trapeziuselectromyographic (EMG) responses of 12 muscle contraction headache and 12 non‐headache controls.While the headache group tended to show higher levels of muscle activity, position and movement effectswere much greater than headache group effects. Knowledge of kinesiology is required if one is tomeaningfully interpret muscular activity in the nonresting condition. The frontalis muscle was the musclewhich best discriminated headache and nonheadache groups. The reclining position was the position thatbest differentiated headache groups, suggesting an inability of headache subjects to relax even whenmuscle tension was not needed to maintain position. Results of the study have implications forassessments of muscular activity which deviate from the standard laboratory assessment which measuresonly frontalis EMG while the subject closes his eyes and rests in a recline

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402088.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISBehavioral assessment and treatment strategies for adult migraine have gained wide acceptance during the past decade. However, very little research exists on the use of behavioral methods for child migraine. The present paper reviews clinical research and practice in the behavioral assessment and treatment of child migraine. Based on the available medical literature, it appears thatchild migraine closely parallels adult migraine, excepting for some neurological signs, a higher proportion of affected males, and the greater prominence of gastrointestinal upset characterizing the former. Assessment methods that have proven useful with adult migraineurs, including interview data and headache diaries, have yet to be validated with a child population. Several behavioral and social validation measures are proposed as additional assessment strategies for child migraine. Although recent studies evaluating the use of relaxation, biofeedback, and other behavioral approaches for child migraine have been encouraging, methodological shortcomings in these studies make the drawing of firm conclusions premature. It is concluded that child migraine presents a very promising research domain in light of recent successes in therapeutic trials with children and the background of successful behavioral interventions established with adults.

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402094.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SYNOPSISA case report of a patient with a diagnosis of atypical facial neuralgia which was successfully treated with a rapid hypnotic technique is presented. After six months of intensive work up and treatment, the patient was seen and treated in one session and no longer requires any medication and reports 90% relief.The trance capacity is measured with the Hypnotic Induction Profile (HIP). A restructuring strategy for treatment and the ramifications of this technique will be discussed.Because the HIP rapidly predicts trance capacity, the physician is able to screen patients which may benefit from this modality in the treatment of pain.Hypnosis may be utilized in treatment as an adjunct or independently for organic disease and therefore should be seriously considered in the armamentarium of physicians treating headaches.

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402104.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402111.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0017-8748    

DOI:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2402115.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Inc    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY