ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe bias introduced by non‐participation in a study depends on the size and the composition of the non‐participant group. Out of 10000 men invited to a screening examination in a large primary prevention trial in Goteborg, Sweden, 25 % did not come to the examination. The non‐participants could be shown to be registered by the Board of Social Welfare for social problems and alcohol abuse to a greater extent than the participants in the study. The annual mortality among the non‐participants was about twice that of the participants during the entire follow‐up period of 11.8 years. The incidence of non‐fatal myocardial infarction was not significantly higher in non‐participants. Coronary death, on the other hand, was significantly more common among those not attending the examination (3.5 vs. 7.6%). Participants registered for alcoholic problems had coronary death rates approaching those of the non‐participants. Sudden coronary death accounted for most of the excess coronary mortality. Most of the excess mortality in the non‐participant group was from other causes than cardiovascular diseases and cancer but even so, about one third of the excess deaths could be attributed to coronary heart disease. Possible explanations of this excess coronary mortality include that non‐participants may smoke more, more frequently have alcoholic problems and that non‐participation may reflect an unwillingness to seek medical care even in

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects of cessation of smoking were studied in 343 patients with intermittent claudication. One year after the initial examination 39 (11%) had stopped smoking and 304 (89%) continued to smoke. The outcome in these two groups was compared. They were comparable regarding baseline characteristics. Rest pain did not develop in any of the non‐smokers. In smokers the cumulative proportion with rest pain was 16% after seven years (p<0.05). The cumulative proportions with myocardial infarctions after 10 years were 11 and 53%; the cumulative rates of cardiac deaths 6 and 43%; and the 10‐year survival 82 and 46% among non‐smokers and smokers, respectively. In multivariate Cox regression analyses the association between smoking and infarction (p<0.05) and cardiac death (p<0.05) was significant. The survival curves deviated and when they were compared after one year's follow‐up the association between smoking and mortality was significant (p<0.05). The findings provide further evidence for the fact that it is of utmost importance that patients with intermittent claudication stop

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSixteen consecutive patients with vasospastic angina underwent a control provocation test in the coronary care unit or the cardiac catheterization laboratory in order to evaluate the disease activity and the efficacy of long‐term calcium antagonist treatment. In patients without angina at rest, the prolonged hyperventilation test was negative in 10/10 patients on calcium antagonist treatment (group A+B) and in 4/5 patients without medication (group C). The test was positive in 1/1 patient with angina at rest without medication (group D). However, the test provoked vasospastic angina in 1/5 patients who were asymptomatic without medication. In both the latter patients the prolonged hyperventilation test became negative after the restart of calcium antagonist treatment. During a mean follow‐up period of 18 months (range 16–19) after the control hyperventilation test, no relapse of angina at rest, arrhythmias, syncopes, deaths or myocardial infarctions were registered. Thus, a negative test is compatible with low disease activity and/or efficacy of calcium antagonist treatment. Further, the test may reveal a subclinical tendency to coronary artery

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOver 21000 hospital episodes due to cerbrovascular disease (CVD, ICD‐8 nos. 430–438) were registered in the Helsinki hospitals in 1970–1980. Of those 17629 were identified as new cases. The age‐adjusted incidence of haemorrhagic and thrombotic stroke (430–433) declined during the period 1970–1975 from 221 to 139 cases/100000 inhabitants, whereafter no further decrease was observed. The decline in incidence was significant in both sexes. Analysis by diagnosis group showed that the decrease was confined to the incidence of haemorrhagic stroke (430–432), whereas the incidence of thromboembolic stroke (433, 434) and transient ischaemic attacks (435) remained virtually unchanged. Survival was mainly determined by patient age and type of CVD. Intracerebral haemorrhage and occlusion of precerebral arteries exhibited the poorest short‐term prognosis. About half of the patients hospitalised due to cerebral thrombosis and embolism survived over One year. Long‐term prognosis of the major CVD groups was very poor with only 10% of the patients alive after eight years. Transient cerebral ischaemia and subarachnoid haemorrhage had a clearly better prognosis, the survival rates after eight years being 45 and

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA follow‐up examination was performed one month to 20 years after adrenalectomy in 28 cases with surgically treated primary aldosteronism due to adrenal adenoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 45, and the mean duration of hypertension seven years. Severe hypertension with a diastolic blood pressure of 130 mmHg or more was observed in 35%. Postoperatively cerebrovascular catastrophe developed in two cases, both of which belonged to the group of patients with severe hypertension. Normalization of blood pressure was observed in 70% and in the remaining subjects the blood pressure was lower than at diagnosis. The blood pressure response to adrenalectomy appeared unpredictable in view of such parameters as the initial blood pressure, age at diagnosis, and duration of the hypertensive state. Toxicosis during pregnancy and metrorrhagia was observed with unexpectedly high frequency in this study population. Low ambulatory plasma renin activity was recorded at the follow‐up in 15 out of 18 subjects studied in the absence of evidence of hyperaldosteron

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIsolated high density lipoprotein (HDL) from the two living fish eye disease patients have been incubated in vitro with autologous lipoprotein depleted plasma or with lipoprotein depleted plasma from domestic pig (Sus domesticus), with and without the presence of LCAT inhibitor for 24 hours at 0 and 37°C. The lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity in lipoprotein depleted pig plasma increased the abnormally low cholesteryl ester content of the fish eye disease HDL particles from about 20 to 100% and increased their exceptionally small mean particle size, probably by particle fusion, to a range which is representative of normal HDL3. Both esterification and particle enlargement were totally blocked by the LCAT inhibitor. Incubation of concentrated fish eye disease HDL with autologous lipoprotein depleted plasma for 24 hours at 37°C resulted in a small increase in its cholesteryl ester percentage to 37%, without affecting the apparent HDL particle size. This finding confirms a deficiency of HDL lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity (α‐LCAT) in fish eye disease. The observed normalization of both HDL cholesteryl ester percentage and particle size by lipoprotein depleted pig plasma which contains virtually no cholesteryl ester transfer activity indicates that the latter is not a requisite for esterification of the free cholesterol of fish eye disease

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA 16‐year‐old boy presented with bilateral arcus cornealis and markedly decreased plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol. The plasma lipoprotein abnormalities, as well as decreased mass and activity of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), were similar to those described in patients with fish eye disease. Increased number of target cells and decreased osmotic fragility of the proband's erythrocytes were noted. The proband's father and one of his brothers showed intermediate plasma lipoprotein and LCAT alterations. The father's erythrocytes also showed abnormal osmotic fragility. The mother of the propositus had normal plasma lipoproteins and erythrocyte osmotic fragility, but her LCAT activity was also low. Many of these features suggest a disorder similar to fish eye disease which is clinically and biochemically distinct from other hypoalphalipoproteinem

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA follow‐up study was performed in 48 male diabetics and 17 age‐matched male controls, who in 1963 and 1971 participated in an exercise study to evaluate if the results could predict later development of diabetic nephropathy. The inclusion criteria were: Type I (insulin‐dependent) diabetes with age below 40, onset of diabetes before age of 30, duration of diabetes more than 7 years and no proteinuria at the time for the first study. The diabetics demonstrated higher systolic blood pressure (BP) at work but as good physical condition as the controls. Thirteen developed nephropathy after 23 years (range 15–36) of diabetes duration. It was found that exercise‐induced, abnormally raised systolic BP was not associated with later development of diabetic ne

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb00897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY