ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Fourteen middle‐aged med with impaired glucose tolerance were studied prior to and 6 months after exchange of simple carbohydrates for complex carbohydrates rich in fibers and saturated for polyunsaturated fats in their diet when exchangeable. Body weight was reduced by 6.4 kg (p<0.001). Physical work capacity was unchanged. Fasting blood glucose and insulin were lowered (p<0.001) at 6 months and so were the values during an OGTT at 120 min. Both serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were reduced (p<0.01) by the changed diet, the most marked reduction being found in the VLDL fraction. HDL levels increased by 21% (p<0.01). Enzyme activities in gastrocnemius muscle specimens were subnormal and uninfluenced by changed dietary habits. The number of capillaries per fiber was normal throughout, but as muscle fiber size was reduced in relation to the decreased body weight, the number of capillaries/mm2increased during the dieting period. It is suggested that the observed improvement in insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance after a dietary period with weight reduction is related to and partly explained by shorter diffusing distances in weight‐bearing musc

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Attempts were made to evaluate the separate effect on kidney function of immunosuppressive treatment (IS) and plasma exchange (PE) in 27 patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). Twenty‐four of the patients were treated with PE. Initial IS was supplemented with PE within 6–12 days in 5 patients, and after at least 14 days in 13. Because of suspected septicemia, 2 patients were first treated with PE, and IS was not initiated until the possibility of septicemia had been excluded. In 4 severely ill patients with rapid clinical deterioration, both treatments were started simultaneously. Twenty patients improved during one or both treatments, 4 with IS alone, 2 with IS and doubtfully with PE, 3 with IS and probably also with PE, 5 both with IS and PE and one with PE alone. In 5 patients the individual effects of IS and PE could not be evaluated. In another 2 patients the combined treatment seemed to influence the course favourably. In the remaining 7 patients the effect of the treatment was doubtful or nil. Two further patients with Goodpasture's syndrome were treated. They were admitted late, and both kinds of treatment were instituted simultaneously. One of them died in respiratory insufficiency, the other remained oliguric while the pulmonary changes faded. Thus, PE added a postive effect to IS in several patients with RPGN. The treatment had few and mostly mild side‐ef

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Three patients on regular hemodialysis treatment were perorally supplemented with D,L‐carnitine, 900 mg/d, during four weeks. Before treatment, muscle carnitine concentrations were low and the patients showed signs of hypometabolism in skeletal muscle, cardiomyopathy, impaired hepatic function and a moderate hyperlipoproteinemia. After treatment, the skeletal muscle metabolism normalized. The results further indicate improvement of the cardiac and hepatic function and of the neuropathy on the sensory side. No improvement was found, however, in plasma lipoprotein pattern or in variables reflecting plasma lipid transport (lipoprotein lipase activity and intravenous fat tolerance

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Plasma concentrations of β‐thromboglobulin (BTG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were measured in three consecutive blood samples from 29 healthy male blood donors. The first sample was collected after 15 min of rest, the second immediately after a phlebotomy of 450 ml blood and the third after a further 15 min of rest. The mean baseline plasma BTG and PF4 values were 68 × 5 and 13.8 ± 0.7 ng/ml, respectively. The second sample's mean plasma values of these two platelet‐specific proteins were significantly higher (88 ± 9 and 24.1 ± 4.1 ng/ml, respectively). The plasma concentrations of BTG and PF4 in the last sample, however, had returned to baseline levels. It is concluded that significant but short‐lasting platelet activation and secretion take place in healthy subjects in response to an acute but comparatively mild blood loss even though the platelets do not participate in the process of

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 30 patients with suspected or verified acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who developed symptoms and/or signs of congestive left ventricular failure, probably because of concomitant β‐adrenergic receptor blocking therapy, the antidote effect of prenalterol and frusemide was compared. The drugs were administered intravenously in repeated doses at 10 min intervals. The total dose of prenalterol was 100–150 μg/kg b.wt. and that of frusemide 40–100 mg. Symptoms of congestive heart failure and pulmonary rales disappeared in all patients who could complete the study, 11 of 15 in the prenalterol and 13 of 15 in the frusemide group. Prenalterol administration resulted in a significant increase in heart rate (HR) of about 18 beats/min (p<0.001), and a rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) of 10 and 8 mmHg, respectively (p<0.01). Frusemide did not change significantly the HR but both SBP and DBP were significantly lowered (p<0.01). Neither prenalterol nor frusemide was effective in 5 patients with atrial fibrillation to whom digoxin had to be given to restore sinus rhythm. The only serious adverse effect of prenalterol administration was a marked sinus tachycardia with concomitant chest pain in one patient. The results of this study indicate that frusemide should be the drug of choice in patients with AMI who develop mild congestive left heart failure during β‐adrenergic receptor blocking therapy. On the other hand, in patients with more severely depressed cardiac performance (such as bradycardia, low cardiac output and hypotension) prenalterol would be

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Twelve patients with congestive heart failure were monitored with invasive and noninvasive techniques to evaluate the effect of vasodilator treatment. During the 18 hours of strict bed rest before administration of prazosin, the hemodynamics improved substantially while only small and transient hemodynamic changes were observed after introduction of prazosin. At 6 weeks' control the effect of vasodilator treatment with prazosin, 3 mg × 4, was lost. The beneficial results often credited to vasodilators in studies on congestive heart failure might in part be due to the concomitant bed rest introduced during the monitoring of the patients

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.All women (n= 11809) aged 44–53 years from a representative district of Denmark were asked by questionnaire about their date of birth, date of latest menstrual bleeding, possible gynaecological operations, smoking habits, and use of medications. A total of 9411 (80%) questionnaires were returned. After exclusions because of incomplete information (n= 275), possible surgical menopause (n= 1270), and treatment with gonadal hormones (n= 2 221), 5 645 women remained suitable for the study. The reproducibility of the information given by these women was excellent as judged by personal interviews of 315 participants. The study population was divided into five 2‐year age groups, and the proportion of postmenopausal women among non‐smokers and heavy smokers was calculated. Differences in respect to the menopausal status were not observable in the oldest and the youngest two age groups comprising just a few per cent of postmenopausal women. However, heavy smokers in the other two age groups had passed the menopause earlier than the non‐smokers (p<0.001). This finding suggests cigarette smoking as a promotor of the me

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The use of oral contraceptives (OC) and smoking habits were studied by using a questionnaire in a random population sample of women from two counties of Eastern Finland in 1972. The participation rate was 95%. Data on use of OC and smoking were collected for 2 653 women aged 35–49 years. During the next seven years, 27 of them had developed an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Smokers had a 2.6‐fold (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2–6.0) crude risk of developing AMI compared with non‐smokers. Women taking OC had a 1.3‐fold (95% CI=0.4–6.9) risk of developing AMI compared with those who did not. Women who both smoked and used OC had a 7.2–fold (95% CI=2.1–24.7) risk of AMI compared with non‐smokers and non‐users of OC. The results indicate that use of OC is associated with an excessive risk of AMI a

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Over an 8‐year period, 140 patients underwent 172 vascular reconstructions (187 reconstructed limbs) to relieve disabling intermittent claudication: bilateral aortoiliac or aortoileofemoral thrombendarterectomy (30 limbs), unilateral iliac or ileofemoral thrombendarterectomy (41 limbs), simultaneous unilateral ileofemoral thrombendarterectomy and femoropopliteal saphenous vein bypass graft (23 limbs), femoropopliteal saphenous vein bypass graft alone (93 limbs). The cumulative 5‐year limb patency rates varied between 100 and 85.6% in the four groups. Age and diabetes did not influence patency rates. Only 2 limbs required amputation. These results indicate that reconstruction can be undertaken with a high rate of long‐term patency and symptomatic relief in patients with restricting claudication due to aortoiliac, ileofemoral and/or femoropopliteal occl

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1982.tb03187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY