摘要:

Abstract1. The radioactivity and fluorescence distribution pictures of tritium‐labelled tetracycline in some tumour‐bearing mice were investigated by means of autoradiography and fluorescence technique applied to whole body sections. In some tissues, including blood, bone marrow, lung, heart muscle, red pulp and marginal zone of the spleen, thyroid, brown fat, stomach (contents), and kidney, fluorescence was weaker than would be expected from the concentration of the drug. The reasons for this are discussed. A high tissue content of calcium seems to enhance the fluorescence more than can be accounted for only by the concentration. In the von Kossa‐positive parts of an osteosarcoma fluorescence, and to a less extent radioactivity, was strong and persistent. In the two von Kossa‐negative soft tumours fluorescence as well as radioactivity was rather weak.2. After the administration of demethylchlortetracycline to mice bearing ten different kinds of tumours, persisting fluorescence after 24 h was seen only in three osteosarcomas and one mammary carcinoma and was confined to von Kossa‐positive areas.Our results favour the view that tetracyclines are retained in tumour tissue with an increased calcium content, which is probably less important in increasing the real concentration of the drugs than in enhancing their flu

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02416.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe fluorescence distribution of demethylchlor‐tetracycline (DMCTC) and the autoradiographic distribution of Ca45have been studied in whole body sections of mice with mammary carcinomas. High and persisting accumulation of both compounds is found only in calcified organs such as bone, teeth, and tracheal cartilage. Though no gross calcification is present in the tumour, as judged from the von Kossa‐stained sections, Ca45is concentrated in the cellular tumour parts at 1 h and 5 h after injection with a decay at 12 h; only weak radio‐activity is seen in totally necrotic, structureless areas. DMCTC‐induced fluorescence, seen only in the cellular areas, is neither more intense nor retained for a longer time than in many other soft tissues.When both DMCTC and Ca45are given simultaneously they interfere with each other's distribution and are, for example, highly accumulated in the lungs and red pulp of the spleen, which suggests an intravascular complex formation. This may possibly indicate a risk of clinical side effects if tetracyclines and calcium are administered simulta

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02417.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo groups of patients have been studied. One consisted of 63 peptic ulcer patients, the other of 73 myocardial infarction patients. All patients in both groups were treated in the Medical Clinic of the Danderyd Hospital during 1965 and were followed up about one year after discharge. The infarction patients had significantly higher mean cholesterol and triglycerides than the ulcer patients (Table I). The difference occurred also between comparable age groups (Table II). The ulcer patients had a significantly higher skeletal quotient than the infarction patients, implying that the former had a longer and more slender skeletal structure. Comparison with the conscripts, earlier described by Hellström (11), showed that in many respects the infarction patients resembled the short and heavily built conscripts, whereas the ulcer patients resembled more the tall and lightly built

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02418.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of normal subjects has been studied after careful clinical examination. Different methods of determining the intravascularγG‐globulin concentration and of calculating the catabolism were used. The difference in the values as well as the composition of the material may well explain the divergent results published earlier. A standardization of these methods is therefore proposed. By using whole‐body counting as well, we obtained further information which showed that the plasma and the whole‐body curves are parallel, but not the plasma and the retained‐dose curves. This must signify that, if incomplete urine collection has been excluded,131I is eliminated by routes other than the urine. About 17% of the total daily amount of eliminated radioactivity can be estimated to be lost by routes other than the urine, which in turn means that the catabolic value will be too low when calculated by the U/P method. Possible routes of the131I‐elimination would be perspiration and via the saliva. Measurement of the extravascular pool by whole‐body counting showed that, in healthy active subjects, the extravascular compartment is equal in size to the i

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02419.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe tubular reabsorption of calcium, expressed in percentage of the filtered load of calcium (TRCa %), and the phosphate excretion index were examined in 31 hypercalcemic patients to evaluate their relative value in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. The phosphate excretion index proved to be of no value.HighTRCa% values were found in primary hyperparathyroidism (15 pat.), in hyperparathyroidism and sarcoidosis (1 pat.) and in hypercalcemia attributed to metabolic alkalosis (2 pat.). The elevated TRCa % values in the last‐named condition are probably explained by a specific effect of the metabolic disturbance on the renal tubule. It is inferred that an increased tubular reabsorption of calcium may contribute to the development and maintenance of the hypercalcemia in the milk‐alkali syndrome.LowTRCa % values were found in poststrumectomy hypoparathyroidism overdosed with vitamin D (3 pat.), ordinary hypercalcemic sarcoidosis (5 pat.), idiopathic intestinal hyperabsorption hypercalcemia (1 pat.), Hodgkin's paragranuloma (1 pat.), myelomatosis (1 pat.) and, surprisingly, in hyperparathyroidism associated with sarcoidosis (1 pat.) and with idiopathic hypercalcuria (1 pat.).It is concluded that TRCa%—with only a few exceptions—reflects the functional state of the parathyroid glands in hypercalcemia, beingelevatedin the presence of hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone anddepressedin non‐parathyroid hypercalcemia, in which functional hypoparathyroidism is assumed to b

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02420.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA hemodynamic and renal study was carried out on eight pacemaker‐treated patients with complete heart block. At the time of study the patients were normotensive and well compensated. Cardiac output, brachial arterial pressure, inulin‐ and PAH‐clearances as well as the excretion of electrolytes were determined on two or three selected heart rate levels between 45–118 for each patient during four to six 20‐minute periods. A change of the ventricular rate from low to high level gave a significant decrease of stroke volume and pulse pressure, but cardiac output, GFR and RPF were unchanged. The most interesting result was the finding of a significantly increased sodium excretion and sodium/potassium quotient on high heart rates. Possible explanations of the mechanisms responsible for this action are

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐two patients with endocrine disorders were studied from gastroenterological and immunological points of view. Gastritis was found in 18 patients. It was atrophic in ten patients. Two of the latter had pernicious anemia with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. Jejunal biopsy revealed a normal mucosa in 20 patients, an increase of “inflammatory” cells in four and villous alterations in six. Three of the latter had spontaneous hypothyroidism and two signs of autoimmune thyroiditis. A general malabsorption syndrome was present in eight patients, one had only steatorrhea and one possibly selective malabsorption of vitamin B12. Of 19 patients with thyroid disease alone or in combination with other endocrine disorders seven showed signs of malabsorption, six of whom also had villous alterations. Villous alterations were associated with immunological disturbances, except for one patient who had postoperative hypothyroidism. They did not respond to endocrine treatment nor to treatment with gluten‐free diet, except for the patient without immunological changes. Distinct edema of muscularis mucosae was visible in 13 out of 16 patients with hypothyroidism. Malabsorption and villous changes in thyroid disease may be due to 1. myxedematous changes; 2. altered motility; and 3. autoimmune phenomena. Of 12 patients with hypoparathyroidism alone or in combination with other endocrine disorders four had signs of malabsorption but only one with concomitant hypothyroidism and high thyroid antibody titers had villous alterations. Correction of calcium metabolism in three patients resulted in improvement of steatorrhea in all but the one with concomitant thyroid disease. This may point to a purely functional relationship between absorption and calcium met

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02422.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA report is given of a 66‐year‐old man presenting a history of syncopes accompanying defecation. In this patient atrio‐ventricular conduction disturbances and vagal cardiosensitivity were noted. Performance of the Valsalva maneuver, resembling straining at stool, was associated with ventricular standstill and loss of consciousness. This observation suggests that pathophysiological changes similar to those produced by the maneuver were responsible for the attacks of syncope. It is postulated that myocardial hypoxia secondary to diminished blood pressure, together with pronounced vagotonia, were prime factors contributing to the asystole. Ventricular arrest has not previously been described accompanying the Valsalva man

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02423.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe biopsy and postmortem findings are reported in three elderly patients with a widespread necrotizing vasculitis of the small arteries and arterioles of muscles and peripheral nerves and no clear involvement of visceral organs. Most of the affected vessels had a diameter between 50 and 200 μ. Two of the cases also had a temporal arteritis and the third had a vasculitis of the small vessels surrounding the temporal artery. All cases showed fibre loss in the peripheral nerves, probably caused by ischaemic nerve lesions, and widespread denervation atrophy of the muscles. On the whole the nerves and muscles of the legs were most severely affected.All cases had attacks of fever, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and increased globulin fractions in the serum, and all cases appeared to improve to some extent on steroid treatment. The clinical picture had features in common with temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. It is emphasized that elderly patients with such symptoms may develop signs of neuropathy during the course of the disease, which is due to a vasculitis of small vessels. This vasculitis may remain localized to muscles and peripheral nerves

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02424.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy means of the steady‐state method 11 determinations of the lung diffusing capacity (DL) were made in ten patients suffering from chronic pulmonary diseases before and after infusion of 500 ml of 10% low‐molecular weight dextran (Rheomacrodex®).DI, did not change after the infusion. This challenges the assumption that low‐molecular weight dextran exerts a dilating effect on the lung capillaries, and it also indicates either that no aggregation of erythrocytes occurs, or that any aggregation is not inhibited by low‐molecular dextran.On the basis of the present studies and of those by other authors the question is discussed as to whether low‐molecular weight dextran might be supposed to improve the supply of oxygen to tissues with threatening gangraena caused by arteriosclerosis, better than do other plasma expanders. This does not appear to be immediately probable.It is emphasized that the investigations do not give any information as to the effect of low‐molecular weight dextran in acute circulatory disorders such as shock, severe trauma, myocardial infarction, etc., in which cases a pronounced aggregation of erythrocytes, inter alia, might exert an essential influence on the course of

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1968.tb02425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY