ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10660.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHigh alcohol consumption is one of the major risk indicators for premature death in middle‐aged men. An indicator of alcohol abuse—registration with the social authorities for alcoholic problems—was used to evaluate the role of alcohol in relation to general and cause‐specific mortality in a general population sample. Altogether 1116 men (11%) out of a total population of 10004 men were registered for alcoholic problems. Total mortality during 11.8 years' follow‐up was 10.4% among the non‐registered men, compared to 20.5% among men with occasional convictions for drunkenness and 29.6% among heavy abusers. Fatal cancer as a whole was not independently associated with alcohol abuse, but oropharyngeal and oesophageal cancers together were seven times more common in the alcohol‐registered groups. Total coronary heart disease (CHD) was significantly and independently associated with alcohol abuse, but nearly all the excess CHD mortality among the alcohol‐registered men could be attributed to sudden coronary death. Cases with definite recent myocardial infarction were not more common in the alcoholic population. A combined effect of coronary arteriosclerosis and heart muscle damage secondary to alcohol abuse is suggested. Other causes of death strongly associated with registration for alcohol abuse include pulmonary embolism, pneumonia and peptic ulcer, as well as death from liver cirrhosis and alcoholism. Of the excess mortality among alcohol‐registered subjects, 20.1% could be attributed to CHD, 18.1% to violent death, 13.6% to alcoholism without another diagnosis and 11.1% t

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10661.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAssociations between coffee drinking, use of table fat with low contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, preference for low‐fat milk, use of fruits and vegetables, smoking and lack of physical activity in leisure time have been described in a cross‐sectional study of 14582 men and women. Coffee drinking was negatively related to the use of low‐fat milk, use of table fat high in polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of fruits and vegetables, and positively associated with bread consumption. Three persons out of four with high coffee consumption (>8 cups/day) were daily smokers, in contrast to about a quarter of those with low coffee consumption (<1 cup/day). In women and young men, high coffee consumption was associated with low physical activity at leisure. The results suggest that high coffee consumption may be an indicator of a life style with high risk for coronary heart di

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRisk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and levels of leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA) were measured in a random sample of 4059 women aged 25–64 years, residing in four areas of Finland. LTPA indexed as the product of weekly exercise sessions x their usual intensity showed an inverse association with smoking (p=0.02) and with CHD risk estimate which combines the three main risk factors, smoking, serum cholesterol and blood pressure (p=0.06), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (p=0.002). It was not associated with mean arterial pressure and serum total cholesterol. In a multiple regression analysis LTPA contributed independently, though modestly, to the model for CHD risk estimate. Age and body mass index were the most important independent predictors of both mean arterial pressure and CHD risk estimate. It is concluded that in middle‐aged Finnish women, unlike men of the same population, high LTPA is only weakly related to lower CHD risk factor l

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTInvestigations regarding plasma and skeletal muscle electrolytes were carried out in 537 patients on long‐term diuretic treatment (>1 year) for arterial hypertension (n=240) and/or congestive heart failure (n=297). In both groups there were significant decreases in both plasma and skeletal muscle K and Mg, while the muscle Na values as well as the total and extracellular water content of skeletal muscle were increase

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCoronary heart disease (CHD) mortality was registered in an inland and a coastal community in Northern Norway. Subgroups of healthy males from the communities were investigated further. The daily consumption of fish in the coastal and inland areas was 132.4 g and 55.1 g respectively, and the intake of eicosapentaenoic acid was 0.9 g and 0.25 g. The content of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in platelet phospholipids and primary bleeding time were similar in the two groups. Linoleic acid was lower and saturated fatty acids were higher in phospholipids in men from the coastal ma. Collagen‐induced platelet aggregation was increased and serum triglyceride concentration was higher in men from the coastal ma. CHD mortality during a 10‐Lyear period was higher in the coastal area for both sexes. This may be associated with differences in serum triglyceride levels and platelet fatty acid composition. This study indicates that a high consumption of lean fish is not sufficient to induce changes in blood lipids and platelet function associated with low CHD mortality and it does not seem to prevent high CHD mort

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty patients irradiated to a major part of the heart had serial determinations of serum total creatine kinase (S‐CK), creatine kinase subunit B (S‐CK‐B), total lactate dehydrogenase (S‐LD) and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 (S‐LD‐1) activity at the beginning, at the end and 14 months after radiotherapy. One patient had an elevated total S‐CK activity three months after radiotherapy, but none of the patients had an elevated S‐CK‐B activity during follow‐up. Three patients had elevated serum LD before irradiation, two patients during and two patients after radiotherapy, but only one patient had an elevated S‐LD‐1 activity, which decreased during irradiation. We conclude that the heart muscle is not injured by cardiac irradiation to such an extent that CK, CK‐B, LD and LD‐1 activities rise in serum, if moderate doses (39–62 Gy, NSD 1137–1775 r

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDuring the period 1973–1983, 1014 patients with end stage renal failure received a kidney graft at the Helsinki University Central Hospital. As a consequence of diabetic nephropathy, 163 of them (16%) developed renal failure. Ten diabetic (6%) and 72 non‐diabetic (9%) patients received grafts from a living donor. One‐year patient survival did not differ between diabetic and non‐diabetic patients (76% and 79%, respectively). From the second post‐transplant year onwards patient survival was worse in diabetic than in non‐diabetic patients. The two groups did not differ with respect to graft survival. Sixty‐two diabetic patients (38%) died during the follow‐up period, with myocardial infarction as the most common cause of death (31%), followed by infection (15%) and cerebral stroke (13%). Seven myocardial infarctions out of 19 occurred within three months of transplantation. However, significantly more fatal and non‐fatal myocardial infarctions were observed in post‐transplant patients who had returned to dialysis therapy than in patients with a functioning kidney graft. Blindness did not influence the outcome of transplantation. Nor did the transplantation significantly affect the course of this diabetic complication. In conclusion, although the early success rate of kidney transplantation in our study population was acceptable, the later outcome was poor, mainly due to advanced disease‐

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTWe have determined glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), urinary excretion of albumin and β2‐microglobulin, urinary osmolality and total renal area in 22 female patients with renal scarring and a history of febrile urinary tract infections (UTI) and in nine healthy age‐matched controls with normal i.v. urography. The aim of the study was to compare different methods of determining glomerular function in patients with renal scarring due to previous pyelonephritis and to determine the urinary excretion of β2‐microglobulin in these patients. All individuals were investigated in hydropenia. The patients with renal scarring had significantly lower GFR, smaller kidneys and lower urinary osmolality than the controls. A significant positive correlation between GFR and total renal area (r=0.70,p<0.001) and between GFR and urinary albumin excretion (r=‐0.69,p<0.001) was demonstrated. This indicates that determinations of total renal area from an i.v. urography and the urinary albumin excretion can be used for estimating GFR. Increased urinary excretion of β2‐microglobulin does not occur in patients with renal scarring until the glomerular function is severely

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb10668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY