ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03695.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cardiac effects of ethanol ingestion (1.75 g/kg within 3 hours) were examined in 8 healthy males by echocardiography and systolic time intervals in a controlled study. Heart rate (HR) was increased by 15% (p<0.05) during intoxication when blood ethanol (mean±SD) was 33.7 ±4.1 mmol/l. Left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic dimension was simultaneously shortened by 4% (p<0.01) and LV end‐systolic dimension by 3% (p<0.05). Stroke volume was reduced by 12% (p<0.05). Most subjects experienced hangover symptoms 12 hours after the beginning of ethanol intake; blood ethanol was 8.8 ± 4.0 mmol/l. At this time, HR was raised by 17% (p<0.05), ejection fraction by 7% (p<0.05), and circumferential fiber shortening velocity by 19% (p<0.01); total peripheral resistance was decreased by 17% (p<0.001). The resultant increase in cardiac output amounted to 22% (p<0.01). In short, the main effect of ethanol at modest blood concentrations was to reduce LV preload without detectably impairing myocardial performance. Hangover was characterized by vasodilation as well as intensified LV myocardial and pump perfor

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03696.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To evaluate the hemodynamic changes related to alcohol flush, the effects of ethanol intake (0.5 g/kg) were studied by echocardiography and systolic time intervals in 10 Finnish and 9 Japanese healthy volunteers. In 5 Japanese subjects, post‐drink facial flush was associated with elevated blood acetaldehyde (peak levels 20–83 μmol/l) and marked cardiocirculatory stimulation. Heart rate was increased directly post ingestion by 65% (p<0.01), stroke index by 23% (p<0.05), and cardiac index by 106% (p<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure was simultaneously decreased by 23% (p<0.05), peripheral vascular resistance by 54% (p<0.01), and circumferential wall stress by 22% (p<0.05); ejection fraction was raised by 26% (p<0.01). The other Japanese and the Finnish subjects had no detectable acetaldehyde in blood after ethanol ingestion. The average hemodynamic alterations in them were similar in direction to the changes presented above, but quantitatively 6–10 times smaller (p<0.005 for each of these variables). Thus, in Orientals with genetically defective acetaldehyde oxidation, ingestion of even small amounts of alcohol evokes intense enhancement of left ventricular function, probably because of acetaldehyde‐induced catecholamine release and peripheral vaso

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03697.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Total serum IgE concentrations were measured in 106 male alcoholics with current alcohol abstinence of varying duration. The influence of smoking habits and clinical atopy on IgE levels was considered. The majority (91%) of the alcoholics were smokers and 26 % suffered from possible clinical atopy. The geometric mean IgE in non‐atopic, smoking alcoholics was 42 kU/l and significantly higher than the mean IgE level, 19 kU/l, in age‐matched, smoking, non‐atopic male participants in a general health survey (p<0.001). The IgE levels declined with the length of the alcohol abstinence period. Alcoholics, serially followed after a heavy drinking spree, showed a uniform pattern of declining IgE levels during a fortnight of abstinence (p<0.001). No link was noted between total IgE levels and the extent of liver affection as estimated by various serum variables (bilirubin, aminotransferases, γ‐GT, IgG, IgA and IgM) or galactose tolerance test. The increased IgE levels in alcoholics are suggested to reflect an influence of ethanol on T lymphocytes regulating the IgE synthesis. Such a proposed effect of ethanol on cellular immunity may contribute to certain organic alcohol diseases, but does not appear to influence the frequency of clinical atopy, being similar in our patient group and in the general population of the same geograp

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03698.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Formate and methanol were quantified in blood samples from 11 untreated methanol‐poi‐soned subjects. The range for whole blood methanol concentrations was 0–137 mmol/l and for plasma formate concentrations 0.4–17.1 mmol/l. Simultaneously determined acid‐base status and serum electrolyte concentrations allowed assessment of the relative importance of formate accumulation for the acidosis. The plasma formate concentration was highly correlated to both the calculated anion gap (r=0.833), the bicarbonate concentration (r=— 0.852) and the negative base excess (r=0.865). The accumulation of formate fully accounted for the increase in the anion gap and the fall in plasma bicarbonate, whereas the negative base excess values were about 22% higher than the plasma formate concentration. We conclude that formate accumulation is the main or only reason for acidosis in the early, uncomplicated stages of methanol poisoning. Lactate may appear at more adva

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03699.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐seven consecutive patients with suspected lone atrial fibrillation were studied by M‐mode echocardiography. Echocardiography disclosed structural or functional cardiac abnormalities in only two (12%) of 17 patients without any sign of underlying heart disease by history or physical examination, whereas an accompanying or underlying cardiac disorder was found in 6 (60 %) of 10 patients with ambiguous clinical findings. It is concluded that echocardiography is of minor value in patients with lone atrial fibrillation if symptoms and signs of other cardiac disorders are totally absent, but the presence of even minor or ambiguous clinical abnormalities seems to be a clear indication for echocardiography in these patients. It is, however, emphasized that echocardiography appears to guide the clinical management in less than 20% of patients with clinically suspected lone atrial fibrillat

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03700.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The frequency and type of some abnormal ECG findings in 86 consecutive patients with intrathoracic sarcoidosis were studied and compared with 86 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Ail ECGs from the patients and controls were mixed and evaluated blindly by one of the investigators. Ectopic beats were seen in 6 patients in the sarcoidosis group and in 3 individuals in the control group. Patients with stage m sarcoidosis had more conduction defects compared with stage I and n patients and with the controls. Repolarization disturbances were found in 17 patients and 6 controls. These disturbances were more common in patients with stage I and II man in those with stage III sarcoidosis. The total number of patients with some ECG abnormality was 27 compared to 12 contr

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03701.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) was performed in 48 patients who had been hospitalized for pancreatitis. The findings were related to results of oral glucose tolerance tests. Patients with gross changes at ERP tended to have latent or manifest diabetes. In patients with latent or manifest diabetes, the increase in C‐peptide after oral glucose was lower than in healthy subjects, while insulin sensitivity, estimated with euglycemic insulin clamp technique, was within the same range as in healthy subjects. It is concluded that gross changes of the pancreatic ducts after pancreatitis are often accompanied by widespread tissue damage leading to deficient B‐cell function and decreased glucose tolera

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03702.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eighty diabetic patients, consecutively selected from an out‐patient clinic, were studied with regard to plasma lipoprotein levels, especially HDL. Patients treated with sulphonylureas had 24% lower HDL cholesterol concentrations (p<0.01) but only about 7% lower apo AI levels (n.s.) than those on insulin treatment. This difference could at least partly be explained by differences in age and type of diabetes. There was no relationship between the degree of diabetic control, as measured by fasting blood glucose levels, and HDL levels. In two subgroups of insulin‐treated diabetics, selected to represent extremely low and high HDL levels (range 0.5–0.8 and 1.8–2.0 mmol/l, respectively) but matched with regard to age, duration of diabetes, insulin dosage and diabetic control, the activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase in postheparin plasma were also recorded. The high HDL group had significantly higher lipoprotein lipase activities (p<0.01) and significantly lower hepatic lipase activities (p<0.05) than the low HDL group, supporting the hypothetical roles of these enzymes in HDL metabolism, and offering a tentative mechanism behind the large variability of HDL levels in di

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03703.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seventeen subjects with hypercholesterolemia (type IIa) were compared with 11 normocholesterolemic family members (controls) with similar dietary habits. The type IIa subjects bad a shorter bleeding time. Beta‐thromboglobulin in plasma and thromboxane B2and malondialdehyde released from platelets before and after stimulation with collagen or thrombin were similar. No differences in platelet sensitivity to adenosine diphosphate, thrombin or collagen were observed. Gel‐filtered platelets from type IIa subjects had a tendency to spontaneous aggregation and lower procoagulant activity. Platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin was slightly higher in type IIa subjects. No differences in a series of coagulation parameters were observed between the groups. This study has shown some deviations from normal in platelets from subjects with familial hypercholelsterolemia. These changes may contribute to the increased tendency to occlusive vascular diseases in such subje

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1983.tb03704.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY