ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02750.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSeventeen 50‐year‐old hypertensive men (157±4/110±2 mmHg, mean ± SE) were given low sodium diet for one week, which was supplemented with potassium the following week. The urinary Na+/K+excretion ratio changed from 2:1 to 1:5 and 1:12, respectively, during dietary intervention. Arterial plasma vasopressin decreased by 3.4±1.7 ng/l (0.05>p<0.10) and urinary excretion of vasopressin was reduced by nearly 50% (p<0.001) during sodium depletion, while plasma noradrenaline increased by 38% (p<0.001) and plasma dopamine showed an increase by 58% (p<0.001). Plasma renin concentration increased four‐fold during sodium depletion (p<0.001). With combined salt depletion and potassium supplementation, arterial plasma vasopressin decreased by 9.5±4.0 ng/l (p<0.05) compared to control. Urinary excretion of vasopressin together with plasma noradrenaline and dopamine were unchanged during the second week. The reduction of blood pressure was most marked during the first week (143±3/103±2 mmHg,p<0.05), but continued to fall also during the second week. Thus, during sodium restriction in middle‐aged hypertensive men, blood pressure reduction occurs concomitantly with inhibited vasopressin release, despite enhanced renin and catecholamine release. Potassium supplementation during sodium restriction induces only minor changes in t

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors was investigated in 133 patients aged 45–64 years with newly diagnosed non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes and in 144 randomly selected non‐diabetic subjects of the same age. History of intermittent claudication, absent foot pulses, decreased ankle‐arm blood pressure ratio (<0.9) and radiologically detectable arterial calcifications of the lower limbs were used as indicators of the presence of peripheral arterial disease. Peripheral arterial disease tended to be somewhat more common in men with newly diagnosed non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes than in non‐diabetic men, whereas no difference was found in prevalence of peripheral arterial disease between diabetic and non‐diabetic women. The association of various indicators of peripheral arterial disease with cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart disease

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe efficacy and credibility of a skin temperature ‐ skin conductance meter (Teledyne Sleep Sentry) for detecting hypoglycemia was studied during night‐time in 22 adult insulin‐treated diabetics. Capillary blood glucose concentration was measured 99 times (when the alarm sounded, in case of hypoglycemic symptoms, and at 3 a.m.). Hypoglycemia was defined as a capillary blood glucose concentration of ≤3 mmol/l. Blood glucose was measured 61 times in connection with sounding of the alarm and 38 times without the alarm sounding. At 3 a.m. the Sleep Sentry sounded the alarm 22 times, of which hypoglycemia was present 6 times giving a diagnostical specificity or diagnostical true positive rate of 0.27 (95 % confidence limits 0.11–0.50). In 35 of 38 cases of no alarm the blood glucose was>3 mmol/l, giving a diagnostical sensitivity of 0.92 (95 % confidence limits 0.79–0.98). The Sleep Sentry sounded the alarm in 6 of 9 cases of hypoglycemia, giving a nosological sensitivity of 0.67 (95 % confidence limits 0.30–0.93). The Sleep Sentry did not sound the alarm in 35 of 51 cases of non‐hypoglycemia, giving a nosological specificity of 0.69 (95 % confidence limits 0.54–0.81). In other words, the Sleep Sentry detects about 2/3 of blood glucose values ≤3 mmol/l, but in addition it sounds a false alarm

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects of 4 months' physical exercise on the metabolic control in non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes were studied in 25 patients divided randomly into exercise (n=13) and control (n=12) groups. In the exercise group glycosylated hemoglobin A1fell from 9.6–8.6% (p<0.01) and the 2 hour plasma glucose in oral glucose tolerance test decreased from 19.7–16.5 mmol/l (p<0.01). The mean fall in fasting plasma glucose from 11.8–10.5 mmol/l was not statistically significant. The responses of plasma insulin and C‐peptide to oral glucose increased significantly during the exercise period. However, patients with initially poorest metabolic control were not able to improve their physical fitness and did not show significant improvement in metabolic control. In the control group no changes occurred in any parameter of glucose metabolism. The results suggest that physical exercise is beneficial for the glycemic control in patients with mild and moderate non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes. Increased insulin response is at least one main mechanism of the act

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAn epidemiological study of 439 cases (184 males, 255 females) of pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) diagnosed in Sweden from 1958‐81 is presented. From the mid 1960's an average of 22 cases have been diagnosed each year. In 255 cases, the pheochromocytoma was diagnosed by clinical examination and/or surgery. In 184 cases (40%), the diagnosis was achieved by autopsy and out of which 60 (14% of all cases) were reported as incidental findings. Ninety‐five pheochromocytomas (22%) were located outside the adrenals. The average (±SD) age at diagnosis for the total study population was 55.8 ± 17.7 years. Clinically diagnosed tumour cases were significantly younger (48.5±16.3 years) compared to cases diagnosed at autopsy (65.8±14.0). Pheochromocytomas were more common among women than among men. The age specific incidence rate increased continuously for both sexes from the youngest to the oldest age groups. The average incidence of pheochromocytoma in the 24 counties of Sweden was 2.1 cases per million inhabitants per year, range 0.9–5.3. A North to South gradient was noted with a higher incidence in the Southern parts of the country. Whether this is due to a real geographical variation of incidence, to a larger number of unreported cases in the Northern parts, or to presence of families with Sipple's syndrome in the South i

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe muscle strength of the quadriceps muscle was measured in a computerized modified Cybex II muscle dynamometer. The method used is easy and has an error of>5%. A marked increase in muscular strength was found after successful surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with normalization of serum calcium levels. The results support the opinion that all patients with PHPT, with or without muscle weakness, should be recommended an operation if no serious contra‐indications exis

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe influence of betamethasone on iodothyronines and their binding proteins in serum was studied in 18 patients with Graves' disease. Betamethasone, 6 mg daily, was given orally for 5 days. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentration decreased, reverse triiodothyronine increased, while thyroxine (T4) and thyroid‐stimulating hormone were unchanged. Thyroxine‐binding globulin (TBG) decreased and thyroxine‐binding prealbumin increased. In accordance with the decrease in TBG, the in vitro T3uptake increased and out of the indirect measures of the free thyroid hormones, the free T4index increased and the free T3index decreased. We suggest that the decrease in serum T3during betamethasone administration supports the view of glucocorticoids being benefical as additional treatment in some patients with thyrotoxic c

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDuring the period 1976‐83, anti‐mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) were detected in 68 patients out of about 48 000 sera (0.14%) analyzed for a repertoire of autoantibodies at the Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Tromsø. Fifty‐five of these patients were women, and only 10 had unequivocal primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). At follow‐up in 1984, 48 out of these 68 patients were accessible for complementary testing. The AMA test became negative in 17 of these 48 patients during the observation period. Eleven of these 17 had originally a titer of 50. Seven of the 31 patients with persistent AMA were without detectable liver pathology. One patient had antibodies against smooth muscle, one against cell nucleus, whereas 35 had an increased serum IgM level. In conclusion, most patients with AMA do not have obvious PBC, a low AMA titer is likely to be transient, and there is a strong association between AMA and an increased serum I

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSixty‐six febrile episodes associated with leukopenia were observed in 56 patients with solid tumors, WBC>1.5x109/l and temperature ≥38.5°C. Stratification to antibiotic treatment regimen was made with regard to priorcis‐dichlorodiamineplatinum (cis‐platinum) treatment or not. Patients who had received nocis‐platinum were randomized between carbenicillin 10 g every 8 h plus gentamicin 80 mg every 8 h or latamoxef 2 g every 8 h (group I). Patients having receivedcis‐platinum were treated with carbenicillin 10 g every 8 h plus mecillinam 800 mg every 8 h or latamoxef 2 g every 8 h (group II). The first dose of latamoxef was preceded by 10 mg of vitamin K i.v. In group I, clinical response was observed in 10 of 19 febrile episodes (52.6%) treated with carbenicillin plus gentamicin and in 10 of 14 (71.4%) treated with latamoxef (p>0.05). In group II, 6 of 14 febrile episodes treated with carbenicillin plus mecillinam responded (42.9%) while 11 of 19 (57.9%) responded to latamoxef (p>0.05). No bleeding due to antibiotic treatment was observed. No statistical difference between standard antibiotic therapy and latamoxef was seen in this subset

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY