ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Hjortdahl P, von Krogh H, Daae L, Holme I, Hjermann I (Department of General Practice, University of Oslo, Oslo City Board of Health, Central Laboratory, Life Insurance Companies' Institute for Medical Statistics, Department of Internal Medicine, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway). A 24‐week multicenter double‐blind study of doxazosin and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.The new α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, doxazosin (DOX), was compared with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), both drugs administered once daily, in a randomized double‐blind study including 115 patients. The mean final daily doses used were DOX, 10.8 mg; HCTZ, 89.1 mg. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups for blood pressure (BP) changes except that HCTZ produced a significantly greater fall (p=0.04) in supine systolic BP than DOX. The statistically significant mean differences in changes in lipid parameters (total cholesterol and total triglycerides) were in favour of DOX. The number of patients reporting side‐effects were DOX, 27/57; HCTZ, 29/53, with two DOX‐and five HCTZ‐treated patients withdrawn due to side‐effects. In the HCTZ‐treated group, laboratory serum tests indicated 11 patients with abnormally low potassium and seven with abnormally high uric acid concentrations. The overall results suggest a benefit‐to‐risk

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Emmertsen K, Bjerregaard P, Andreasen F (Department of Cardiology, Aarhus Kommunehospital and Institute of Pharmacology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark). Amiodarone for refractory supraventricular tachycardias. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:435–9.Amiodarone was administered to 53 patients with otherwise drug‐refractory supraventricular tachycardias. Therapy was effective in 35 patients and partially effective in nine patients for a median duration of 35 months. The median maintenance dose was 200 mg/day in both groups, whereas the median serum amiodarone concentrations were 1.1 mg/l and 0.7 mg/l, respectively. Amiodarone was ineffective in nine patients despite higher dosage (median 400 mg/day) and insignificantly higher serum concentrations (median 2.0 mg/l). Neither the age of the patients, the duration or type of arrhythmia, the cardio‐thoracic index, nor the type of underlying heart disease were predictive of the efficacy of amiodarone. Side‐effects occurred in 28 patients, leading to withdrawal of therapy in 12 patients. Side‐effects were not associated with higher serum amiodarone concentrations. Despite its efficacy, amiodarone should be reserved for otherwise drug‐resistant supraventricular tachy

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Thamsborg G, Storm T, Keller N, Sykulski R, Larsen J (Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Internal Medicine, Sundby Hospital, Copenhagen, and Department of Cardiology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark). Changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide during exercise in healthy volunteers. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:441–4.Graded exercise was performed in three healthy volunteers. Plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (iANP) were determined at different workloads. Unchanged or slightly decreased plasma levels of iANP were observed during light exercise, whereas at medium to high workloads a considerable increase in plasma levels of iANP was found. Factors responsible for the increase in plasma levels of iANP might include elevated right atrial pressure and increased plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrin

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Sundkvist G, Lilja B, Rosén I, Agardh C‐D (Departments of Internal Medicine and Clinical Physiology, Malmö General Hospital, and Departments of Clinical Neurophysiology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden). Autonomic and peripheral nerve function in early diabetic neuropathy. Possible influence of a novel aldose reductase inhibitor on autonomic function. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:445–53.Autonomic and peripheral nerve functions as well as the possible short‐term effect of a novel aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on neuropathy were evaluated in 30 male type I diabetics (age 25–44 years, mean 34; duration of diabetes 10–20 years, mean 34) with neurographic signs of peripheral neuropathy (PN). Autonomic neuropathy (AN) was established by the heart rate reactions to deep breathing (E/I ratio = vagal function) and to tilt (acceleration index = sympathetic and vagal functions; the brake index = vagal function). Twenty‐nine patients, 13 with AN, completed the study. Among neurographic variables, only sural nerve function tests correlated with autonomic functions. Patients with AN showed significantly lower mean sensory action potential amplitudes (SAPA) sural, indicating axonal losses, than patients without AN (3.58±0.79 μV vs. 7.34±1.12 μV;p<0.01). PN as measured by neurography did not improve during ARI treatment. On the other hand, vagal function (brake indices) improved (p<0.05) during A

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01279.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Liippo K, Pelliniemi T‐T, Lehto H (Department of Diseases of the Chest and Haematology, University of Turku, and the Research Center of the Farmos Group Ltd., Turku, Finland). Trimethoprim prophylaxis of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:455–9.A double‐blind randomized trial was carried out to study the efficacy and tolerance of trimethoprim with a daily single dose of 300 mg in long‐term prophylaxis of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The patients, 13 in the trimethoprim group and 11 in the placebo group, were followed up at fixed intervals and checked for respiratory functions and haematological parameters for six months. The number of exacerbations were significantly lower than during the previous winter in both groups: 0.6 compared to 3.8 in the trimethoprim group, and 0.6 to 3.0 in the placebo group. Tolerance of trimethoprim was good and did not differ from that of placebo. The necessity of double‐blind trials in evaluating the prophylactic value of antibiotics in COPD is emphasized, since the exacerbations are also dependent on many unknown factors. There were no statistically significant differences in blood counts of fola

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01280.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Eriksson S. (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.) α1‐Antitrypsin deficiency and liver cirrhosis in adults. An analysis of 35 Swedish autopsied cases. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:461–7.α1‐Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in adults predisposes to lung and liver disease, but its natural history is incompletely known. To better characterize the liver disease, all known deceased adult Swedish patients known to us with homozygous (PiZZ) AAT‐deficiency, who had undergone autopsy during the 20‐year period 1963–82 were reviewed. Of 94 such patients, 35 had cirrhosis (27 males and eight females) with a mean age at death of 65.5± 10.5 (SD) years compared to 53.6± 12.8 years (p<0.01) for the 59 non‐cirrhotic patients. The longer survival suggests less severe lung disease in the cirrhotic group. Clinically these patients most frequently presented with ascites or other signs of portal hypertension. Evidence of alcohol overconsumption, chronic viral hepatitis, or autoimmune disease was rare. Aside from low plasma AAT levels, laboratory and other clinical features were indistinguishable from those of decompensated cirrhosis of any etiology. The prognosis was generally grave with a mean survival of two years after diagnosis. Fourteen of the 35 cirrhotics (10 males and four females) had primary liver cancer (PLC) at autopsy. We conclude that cirrhosis and PLC are more frequent complications in elderly patients with AAT‐deficiency than was previously known. These complications had a mar

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01281.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Jensen IW, Faber J (Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital North, Aalborg, and Departments of Internal Medicine and Clinical Chemistry, Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark). Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:469–73.A family with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia is described. The syndrome is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and is characterized by marked elevation of serum thyroxine, due to increased binding of thyroxine to albumin, whereas serum triiodothyronine is normal. Serum free thyroxine is normal when measured with ultrafiltration or equilibrium dialysis, but artefactually high when measured with an analogue assay. The importance of the condition, which is harmless, lies in the misinterpretation of values with subsequent erroneous treatment of thyrotoxicosis. By using an ultrasensitive TSH method it is possible to discriminate between euthyroid and hyperthyroid patients and thereby to avoid incorrect diagnosis in subjects with euthyroid hyperthyroxinemi

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Gislason T, Almqvist M (Departments of Lung Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospital, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden). Somatic diseases and sleep complaints. An epidemiological study of 3201 Swedish men. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:475–81.The prevalence of sleep complaints and somatic diseases was estimated in a random sample of 4064 Swedish men aged 30–69 years. Great difficulty initiating sleep (DIS) was experienced by 6.9% and moderate problems in DIS by 14.3%. Complaints of major difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) were reported by 7.5% of the men and of moderate DMS by 14.9%. DMS was more frequent with increasing age. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was reported by 5.7%. Altogether 879 men were attending regular medical examinations for somatic diseases. Among the 299 hypertensive men, major complaints of DMS (13.5%), DIS (8.4%) and EDS (8.8%) were more common, but the 167 men treated with β‐blockers rather showed a proportionally somewhat lower prevalence of sleep complaints. Men with obstructive pulmonary disease (n=113) had a higher prevalence of DMS (18.8%) and EDS (12.4%). Diabetic men (n=74) complained also more often of DMS (21.9%), DIS (21.1%) and EDS (12.2%). Men with rheumatic disease (n=176) and obesity (n=221) also had increased prevalence of sleep comp

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1987.tb01283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY