ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb18067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe prospective longitudinal population study of elderly individuals in Gothenburg started in 1971/72 with an investigation of a representative sample (about 3/10) of the 70‐year‐olds. This wide population study concerns the nature and manifestations of normal ageing processes, the incidence and prevalence of disease at higher ages and the occurrence and the nature of infirmity in old age. This paper is a general description of some of the social and medical observations obtained during the first study of the probands and concerns migration in the population, housing, dwelling conditions, mobility and transportations, social contacts, need of help, results of the general, othological, ophthalmological, psychiatric, psychological and odontological examinations as well as of certain laboratory analyses. The results showed that “underdiagnosis” was common in this age group, i.e. that previously unknown disease often was present. The results also indicate that “overdiagnosis” is rather common due to the fact that the border zone between normal ageing and disease is only a very vague presentiment in the higher age groups. More advanced handicaps were rather uncommon and only about 3 per cent of the 70‐year‐olds suffered from handicaps or diseases to such an extent that care within institutions was necessary. The 70‐year‐olds rather commonly are living under social conditions that from a medical point of view might be subjected to critizism. It should, however, also be emphasized that a majority of the 70‐year‐olds in Gothenburg were living a very comfortable life in rather good physic

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb18068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this substudy within the population study “70‐year‐old people in Gothenburg, Sweden” were to survey the dietary habits of the probands including meal habits and intake of energy and nutrients. The subsample comprised 191 males and 199 females, of whom 182 males and 188 females took part in the complete dietary interview examination, comprising a 24‐hour recall interview and a dietary history interview. The examined subsample was considered representative of the 70‐year‐old population in Gothenborg. The dietary history method was found to be more valid than the 24‐hour recall method. On an average 1.8 hot meals and 0.9 meals of type beverages and sandwich with slices of meat, cheese etc. were consumed daily. The intakes of energy and nutrients were on average satisfactory but showed a fairly great variation. Examples of intakes calculated from the dietary history interview are (M±SD, males and females, respectively): Energy 9.8±2.4 MJ and 8.1±2.3 MJ, protein 74±18.7 g and 63±16.5 g, calcium 1033±414.0 mg and 927±368.0 mg and potassium 79±22.2 mmol and 68±25.1 mmol, respectively. Examples of significant associations between social data and data of the intake of energy and nutrients are that probands with an education higher than elementary school showed a higher proportion of energy intake from protein than other probands and that males living alone showed a lower iron intake than other males. A comparison between this study and cross‐sectional studies on e.g. middle‐aged women in Gothenburg showed that the energy intake and the body composition in females was of the same order of magnitude in these two groups. More definite conclusions concerning possible changes by age in intake of energy and nutrients presuppose, however, longitudinal studies. The present cross‐sectional data will be used as a basis for a prospective longitudinal g

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb18069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this substudy within the population study “70‐year‐old people in Gothenburg, Sweden” were to determine the body composition of the probands and to clarify possible relationships between results of these body compartment determinations and more simple somatometric variables. The cross‐sectional data will be used as a basis for a prospective longitudinal geriatric/gerontological study. The subsample comprised 66 males and 76 females, of whom 49 males and 56 females underwent a complete examination. The probands examined were considered representative of the 70‐year‐old population in Gothenburg. Total body potassium was estimated by using a whole body counter and total body water with an isotope dilution technique using tritiated water as a tracer. Body cell mass, intracellular and extracellular water, body fat and fat‐free extracellular solids were then calculated from body weight, total body potassium and total body water using certain assumptions, the relevance of which in this age group is discussed. Average values of body weight were 76.2 kg and 66.3 kg, of body cell mass 28.1 kg and 20.3 kg and of body fat 12.5 kg and 18.1 kg in males and females, respectively. It was possible from body weight and subscapular skinfold in males and from body weight, thigh and triceps skinfold in females to reach a proportion of explained variance of body fat of 58 per cent and 76 per cent, respectively. There was a good correlation between body fat and the difference between body weight and “ideal body weight” as defined by Lindberg and collaborators, 1956. A preliminary comparison between the current data and corresponding data from cross‐sectional studies of middle‐aged individuals in Gothenburg showed that the amount of fat was similar in the two age groups. Body cell mass seemed to be of the same order of magnitude in 70‐year‐old as in middle‐aged females, but showed a lesser value in 70‐yea

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb18070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY