摘要:

Abstract.The renal handling of gentamycin has been studied in nine patients with chronic pyelonephritis. It was found that the clearance of gentamycin was markedly below the creatinine clearance in eight patients with reduced kidney function, yielding a considerable apparent tubular reabsorption of gentamycin. In one patient with a normal kidney function the amount of apparent reabsorption was negligible, giving an excretion ratio of 0.94. The dependence of log gentamycin clearance on creatinine clearance was found to be highly significant (p<0.001). The possibility that gentamycin is fairly inert in relation to tubular function, as has been implied by previous studies in dog and man with normal renal function, seems unlikely. It is therefore reasonable to assume that the apparent reabsorption noted with reduced kidney function in chronic pyelonephritis may be a consequence of a reduced secretion of gentamycin due to tubular damage. An interdependence of log10serum half‐life (T1/2) of gentamycin and log10creatinine clearance (Cer) was found and expressed by the regression lineY= 1.3416 — 0.4655x. The relationship betweenT1/2 andCerwas found to be significant (P<0.

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A total of 426 patients admitted with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction have been treated in four hospitals. 219 were treated with streptokinase (SK), 600 000 IU or more, while 207 formed the control group. The patients were followed up as long as they stayed in the hospital, which was approximately three weeks, and by one visit to the outpatient clinic six weeks after their admission to hospital. The total mortality in the SK group during six weeks was 22 and in the control group 17 patients. If only the patients with their first episode of myocardial infarction are considered, 14 of the 156 (9.0%) in the SK group and 15 of the 163 (9.2%) in the control group died. Eight of the 40 patients with a recurrent infarction in the SK group and two of the 24 in the control group died. No differences in the ECG changes were noted between the groups. The serum GOT values in the first 24 h following the infarction were higher in the SK group than in the control group in patients whose infusion had been started within the first 6 hours after the onset of chest pain. In cases with a longer history no difference was observed. The BSR of the SK group fell immediately after the infusion and remained below the values of the control group for the first two weeks. The present study did not support the view that SK would be beneficial in the treatment of myocardial infarction.

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of diphenylhydantoin on dicoumarol metabolism has been studied. Diphenylhydantoin decreases serum dicoumarol and increases prothrombin‐proconvertin concentration in patients receiving dicoumarol orally. The same effect was found when dicoumarol was given intravenously. The decrease in serum dicoumarol was evident after a few days of diphenylhydantoin treatment, but afteer withdrawal an increase in serum dicoumarol was not seen until 2–3 weeks later. Half‐lives of intravenously injected dicoumarol showed inconsistent changes following diphenylhydantoin treatment. Diphenylhydantoin probably acts by inducing the drug metabolizing enzyme s

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04334.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of papaverine, lidocaine and heparine on the vascular resistance in hypothermic perfused rat kidneys has been investigated in one hundred experiments, using low molecular weight dextran 10% with NaCl 0.9% (Rheomacrodex®, MW 40000) as perfusate medium. The vascular resistance at the start of perfusion is increased due to vasospasm, arising in connection with dissection of the renal pedicle and perfusion with cold fluid, but decreases during continued perfusion. Papaverine and lidocaine, added to the perfusate medium in concentrations of 5 and 100 mg% respectively, reduce the vascular resistance significantly. Heparine in the perfusate medium increases the vascular resistance, but this effect can be neutralized by addition of papaverine. Hepa‐rinization of the animals before removal of the kidneys reduces the vascular resistance at the start of the perfusion. A combination of heparinization of the animals before removal of the kidneys and addition of 5 mg% papaverine or 100 mg% lidocaine to the perfusate medium results in the lowest vascular resistance at the start of perfusion and, therefore, probably yields the best conditions for a rapid and uniform perfusi

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04335.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Several authors report that the tissue concentrations of ‐S‐S‐ and ‐SH alter with age towards decreasing ratio ‐SH/S‐S‐, and it is claimed that this would cause detrimental functional changes. Furthermore, parenteral treatment of aged animals and humans with cysteine is claimed to increase the ratio and better the clinical condition. In ten patients, 67–90 years of age, in a stable condition and serving as their own controls, a battery of about 50 clinical chemical tests was used before, during, between and after two or three treatment periods with cysteine and folic acid intramuscularly. The only significant changes observed were in the serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and ammonium, and in the urinary excretion pattern of 17‐ketosteroids. No alterations were found in the blood concentrations of oxidized and reduced glutathione. The clinical state was not ameliorated. The discrepancy between these and earlier res

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Porphyrin excretion and clinical signs have been studied in 21 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda treated by phlebotomy and in a control series of 12 patients. Phlebotomy was performed until signs of depleted iron stores appeared. Clinical and biochemical remission occurred in every phlebotomy‐treated patient. In 18 patients who were bled frequently (usually 0.5 1 per week) and who were not given iron supplements in conjunction with phlebotomy, the urinary porphyrin excretion decreased in all to a level of 1 mg per day or less within 1/2 year. Remission ensued in patients with iron overload as well as in patients with quantitatively normal iron stores and in patients abstaining from alcohol as well as in patients with a persistent abuse of alcohol. A decrease in porphyrin excretion comparable to that of phlebotomy‐treated patients occurred in only two out of the 12 control patients. There was a significant relationship between the period required until iron stores were depleted and until the urinary porphyrin excretion fell to 1 mg per day. In one patient given iron supplement for 6 1/2 months in conjunction with phlebotomy, more blood had to be removed to obtain a remission than in any other patient, and this patient had the longest treatment (16 months). Thus the results have shown that phlebotomy therapy is effective in porphyria cutanea tarda. It seems probable that the effect is mediated through the phlebotomy‐induced reduction of iron s

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In a previous study phlebotomy therapy was consistently effective in porphyria cutanea tarda, causing clinical and biochemical remission in all. In 13 patients observed for periods of 1 to 3 1/2 years after treatment and who were not given iron, relapse occurred in only one patient. The latter had reaccumulated iron stores of considerable size spontaneously. In the present study the effect of replenishment of iron stores after phlebotomy‐induced remission was investigated. Five patients (4 men and 1 woman) were included, in four of whom the initial iron stores (before phlebotomy) had been of normal size. In one of them a moderate iron overload had been present. Iron stores were replenished by oral administration of iron sulphate in four and by intravenous administration of iron dextrin in one. After replenishment of iron stores biochemical relapse occurred in each patient. The skin disease remained in remission, except in the woman who noted an increased hair growth on the face. They were again subjected to repeated phlebotomy. Biochemical remission occurred in all and the hypertrichosis in the woman vanished. It is concluded that phlebotomy probably exerts its effect by reduction of iron stores, and that even normal amounts of storage iron may provoke deterioration of porphyrin metabolism in subjects with latent diseas

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Fine needle biopsy specimens from patients with diseases accompanied by fatty liver have been analysed for triglycerides, phospholipids, free and esterified cholesterol. In selected cases the fatty acid composition of triglycerides was determined. The concentration of the lipids was not found to vary with the fundamental disease. A positive correlation between esterified cholesterol and triglycerides was verified in the presence of a moderately, but not of a severely, fatty liver. An association between esterified cholesterol and the surface area of fat droplets in the liver is suggested.

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Two patients with hyponatraemia resulting from an inappropriate ADH secretion syndrome had low serum values and elevated clearances of uric acid. All the values returned to normal after fluid restriction. The same changes in uric acid clearance and serum level were seen when this syndrome was experimentally induced in five normal subjects.

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04340.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The lipoprotein pattern in a family of 14 members with primary hyperlipidaemia has been studied on the basis of a clinical examination and the FredricksonLees criteria for biochemical investigation of lipoproteins. The patterns were of the following distribution: type II (2), type III (2), type IV (7), and new types with the prefix normo‐, suggested by the authors in family studies —normo‐type II (2) and normo‐type IV (1). In spite of the biochemical findings, 11 of the probands had none of the clinical symptoms known to characterize lipoproteinaemia. Finally, the authors discuss the relationship between pattern typing by paper electrophoresis, by ultracentrifugation, and by Immunoelectrophoresis using the Laurell

ISSN:0001-6101    

DOI:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY