摘要:

Heliothisspp. larvae were parasitized byMicroplites croceipes(Cresson) to varying degrees throughout the study. Parasitism was not significantly greater in larvae collected from the Okra leaf cotton (open canopy), butSpicaria rileyi(Farlow) Charles infection was significantly greater in larvae collected from Delta Pine cotton (closed canopy). A decline in parasitism throughout the study was observed.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.574

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

In small field plots, (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-o1 formate (Z-9-tdf) alone was highly disruptive of pheromonal communication between male and female corn earworms,Heliothis zea(Boddie), and male and female tobacco budworms,H. virescens(F.). Z-9-tdf was not disruptive of pheromonal communication between males and females of several species of looper moths including Trichoplusia ni (Hübner),Pseudoplusia includens(Walker), andT. oxygramma(Geyer). In contrast, (Z)-7-dodecen-1-o1 acetate (Z-7-dda) was an effective disruptant of pheromonal communication of the looper moths, but did not affect maleH. zeaorH. virescens. However, when Z-9-tdf was mixed with Z-7-dda in equal quantities and evaporated into the air simultaneously in the same plot, the pheromonal communication of all 5 species was disrupted. These compounds are stable, relatively inexpensive, and commercially available. They appear to offer promise for control of mating in these important species, and they have potential as multichemical disruptants in broad spectrum control via atmospheric permeation.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.577

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Female abdominal tip extracts of peach twig borer moths,Anarsia lineatellaZeller, from Washington and California were analyzed and found to containtrans-5-decenyl acetate as a pheromone component. There was also evidence for the presence of ca. 15% of the corresponding alcohol. These synthetic compounds proved to be very attractive to peach twig borer males in field studies in both states through a range of ratios.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.580

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Collembola were collected over a period of 10 months on plots which were not burned (control), burned periodically (every 5 to 8 years), and burned annually. Significantly more Collembola were collected on the controls than on the annually burned plots. Although fewer specimens were collected on the periodically burned plots than on the controls, the difference was not significant. Species diversity of Collembola subjected to periodic burning was increased.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.583

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Crosses between femaleTetranychus urticaeKoch and males of 7 other tetranychid species showed that the cross withT. cinnabarinus(Boisduval) was the only one that resulted in sterile hybrids. Moreover, any production of progeny from subsequent matings was blocked by the initial interspecific mating. WhenT. urticaeandT. cinnabarinusmales were placed withT. urticaefemales in a 1:1 ratio, theT. urticaemales mated first 70.6% of the time. All interspecific mating resulted in a reduction in egg deposition. Four inundative releases ofT. cinnabarinusmales at 4-day intervals into an established population ofT. urticaeproduced marked suppressive results.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.588

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The effect of food type, photoperiod, and temperature on the behavior and growth of the wireworms,Melanotus depressus(Melsheimer) andLimonius dubitansLeConte, was examined. Germinating seeds from several potential host plants were evaluated. After 6 months in the treatments, previously starvedM. depressuslarvae had the highest growth rates when fed germinating field corn, wheat, or sorghum kernels. After 1 month's observation of larvae preconditioned to wheat only, those which continued on the same regimen showed a significant weight gain.L. dubitanslarvae which had been preconditioned to wheat kernels, however, showed a significant weight gain over a 3-month period when held on germinating wheat, soybean or corn kernels.Temperature and photoperiodic studies withM. depressuslarvae employed combinations of 2 temperatures (21°C and 27°C), 2 photoperiods (12L:12D, 14L:10D), and 6 diets (germinating wheat kernels in soil or on fibrous cotton, and 4 artificial diets on fibrous cotton). The effect of these conditions on larval feeding response, ecdyses, growth, and mortality is presented. None of the artificial media substituted adequately for the wheat-loam substrate. Similar experiments employingL. dubitanscould not be completed because of exceptionally high mortality.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.591

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

An easily constructed pitfall trap was made by burying a plastic cup at ground level, inserting a smaller plastic cup to capture specimens, and covering the cups with a conical coffee cup liner which had the bottom removed to form a funnel. A solution of water, ethylene glycol, formalin, and detergent was added to the inner container to kill and preserve captured specimens. A variety of animals were captured.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.596

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

About 90% of the gypsy moth,Porthetria dispar(L.) pupae found in a series of sparse stable populations studied between 1965 and 1968 were either beneath bark flaps or in the litter. Male larvae were more likely to pupate in bark flaps than females. Pupal survival was usually higher among pupae beneath bark flaps than among those in the litter, and bark flaps provided virtually the only pupation locations in the whole environment, within the highest density stratum studied, where female pupae had a reasonable survival probability. Adult gypsy moth production in these populations could be accurately estimated from knowledge of pupal density and sex ratio, and the number of bark flaps per 0.01-acre. Bark flap removal is suggested as a potentially useful technique for preventing outbreaks.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.597

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

When male moths ofSynanthedon pictipes(Grote and Robinson) were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 krad of gamma irradiation and caged with virgin females, there was significant reduction in the sexual vigor of males irradiated with 30 krad or more as compared with unirradiated males. However, irradiation did not alter the lifespan of the moths.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.601

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Flight activity ofEuxoa ochrogaster(Guenée) was monitored with BL traps for 2 years in Jefferson County, Oregon. Stages of egg development were determined from a random sample of females collected in the traps during the same period. Flight activity started in mid-June and ceased in mid-September, a period of 13–14 weeks with a peak near the end of July or early August. Weekly dissection of females from trap collections showed little or no egg development prior to early August, 4–5 weeks after adult activity began. However, eggs were present in the ovarioles during August and early September which is probably closely correlated with oviposition.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/4.4.603

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1975

数据来源: OUP