摘要:

Behavioral responses of physiologically resistant and susceptible populations of the horn fly.Haematobia irritans(L.), were characterized. Dose–response studies demonstrated that behavioral resistance can take the form of hypersensitivity or a lowered sensitivity threshold, or both. The physiologically resistant population was resistant to permethrin, fenvalerate, deItamethrin, cypermethrin, and DDT. It was behaviorally resistant to fenvalerate and permethrin. Deltamethrin evoked a hyperirritable response, which was due either to behavioral cross-resistance or a previously unconsidered form of physiologically potentiated behavioral resistance. Responses to DDT and cypermethrin were not different in the resistant and susceptible populations. Studies using pyrethroids synergized with piperonyl butoxide indicated that behavioral resistance to the pyrethroids was due to evolution of a qualitatively different mechanism than that which accounts for irritation/repellence upon initial contact with an intrinsically irritating pyrethroid.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/14.6.873

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Field mortality of the stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans(L.), was investigated over a 3-year period in Missouri. Total egg-to-adult mortalities averaged 95.1, 97.0, and 94.7% in three season-long experiments. Unknown causes, probably including desiccation, adverse environmental conditions, pathogens, and physiological anomalies, were associated with the largest proportion of mortality. Predation was found to be an important natural regulatory force and was associated principally with the smaller Coleoptera (especially Staphylinidae) in the stable fly larval environment.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/14.6.881

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Effects of azinphosmethyl, an organophosphate, and chlordimeform, a formamidine, onBracon mellitorSay, a parasitoid of Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, were studied. Both were much more toxic to adultB. mellitorthan to adult boll weevils and affected male parasitoids more severely than females. At low doses, both insecticides reduced the number of eggs deposited on boll weevil larvae. These effects were more severe with chlordimeform exposure. Up to 4 days after initial chlordimeform exposure,B. mellittorparalyzed, but did not oviposit on most hosts. Chlordimeform doses below the LC50also caused females to imbibe honey water to such extent that the abdominal cuticle was distended and split.

ISSN:0046-225X    

DOI:10.1093/ee/14.6.891

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP