摘要:

AbstractComparative investigations on cold and burning fragrance candles were carried out to identify possible changes of the volatiles caused by the heat of the flame. Headspace analysis of the volatiles of candles with lavender and apple aroma using GC, GC‐FTIR‐MS and a GC‐sniffing technique showed nearly the same combination of volatiles before and after burning of the candles. Only a slight decrease of the concentration of alcohols was found. Fragrance candles can therefore be used in the correct aromatherapeutical sense, because the unchanged biologically active fragrance compounds can be inhaled.The dominating components in the headspace of the lavender fragrance candles (cold/burning) were mainly the terpenes 1,8‐cineole (25.9/25.9%), linalol (10.8/6.2%), linalyl acetate (10.0/9.6%), camphor (8.8/9.6%), lavandulyl acetate (7.0/9.2%) and limonene (6.5/3.3%). The fragrance candles with apple aroma furnished a totally different spectrum of volatiles as no terpenes, but esters of mainly aliphatic alcohols with short‐chain aliphatic acids dominated: 2‐(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐cyclohexyl acetate (17.7/15.4%), butyl acetate (16.7/20.6%), 2‐methylnonan‐3‐one (5.5/4.9%), propyl acetate (5.4/4.5%), phenyl benzoate (5.2/5.3%), isoamyl acetate (4.9/4.3%), (Z)‐hex‐2‐enal (4.1/5.2%), amyl butyrate (3.8/2.9%), hexyl butyrate (3.6/4.3%), ethyl valerate (3.3/4.2%) and amyl acetate (3.1/2.9%) were found as main constituents (co

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil of cinnamon leaf (Cinnamomum zeylanicumBlume) grown at Bangalore and Hyderabad has been analysed by capillary GC and GC‐MS. Besides the main constituent, eugenol (81.4‐84.5%), 47 other constituents, including those present in trace amounts, have been identified in the oil samples from the two locations. The two samples differed with respect to the relative amounts of linalol, (E)‐cinnamaldehyde, (E)‐cinnamyl acetate, β‐caryophyllene and benzyl benzoate. Also the oil content of the Hyderabad material was found to be higher than that of the Bangalor

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe two diastereoisomers of sherry‐lactone (5‐hydroxy‐4‐hexanolide, 1 and 2) and the corresponding ketone (5‐keto‐4‐hexanolide = solerone, 3) were identified in a solvent extract of dried figs and their enantiomeric distributions were determined. The (4S,5S)‐ and the (4R,5R)‐enantiomers of diastereoisomer 1 were selectively synthesized following the method of Sharpless (asymmetric dihydroxylation) and their optical rotations were measured. Diastereoisomer 2 was isolated as an almost racemized by‐product. Racemic ketone 3 was obtained by oxidation of either (4

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil isolated from underground parts ofGeum reptansL. (Rosaceae) was analysed by GC and GC‐MS. The composition of the oil has not been described until now. In total, 111 components were identified, representing 91% of the oil. The main classes of the compounds present are monoterpenoids (20.5%) and fatty acids (52%) with linolenic acid as the predominant constituent (18.3%). The differences in oil composition between lowland and alpineGeumspecies are discusse

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe chemical composition of the leaf oil ofLeptospermum javanicumBlume was examined by co‐chromatography with authentic samples on two columns of different polarity, GC‐MS and Kováts retention indices. Oils obtained from three different sites at different periods were found to possess compositional similarities but quantitative differences in the concentration of each component. α‐Pinene at 41.7%, β‐pinene at 12.4% and β‐caryophyllene at 11.2% were the major components in one of the samples. The other two samples were characterized by the presence of relatively high concentrations of terpinen‐4‐ol (24.9% and 13.5% respectively) and low amounts of pinenes (6.1% and 8.1% respectively). All the samples contained 4‐hydroxy‐4‐methylpentan‐2‐one which has not been reported previously

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe rates and extents of extraction have been measured for three major constituents of peppermint oil, namely 1,8‐cineole, menthone and menthol, using the leaves of the black mint (Mentha × piperitaL.). The solvents used were hexane, ethanol and mixtures of composition 90 mol% ethanol + 10mol% hexane and 90mol% hexane + 10mol% ethanol. The extractions were carried out isothermally at 25, 35 and 45°C as well as in an electrically and mechanically modified domestic microwave oven where the temperature increase varied from c. 10 to 30°C. The rates of both isothermal and microwave extractions were sensitive to the solvent employed and decreased in the order 90mol% hexane>90mol% ethanol>hexane>ethanol. The rates of microwave extraction were also affected by the microwave power output and the size of the sample load. The activation energies for the extractions were in the range 30‐90kJ mol−1, again dependent on the solvent used. Scanning electron microscopy on the spent leaves provided evidence of a link between the kinetics of extraction and structural changes on th

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe composition of the essential oil from roots ofPolygala senegaL. var.latifoliaTorrey et Gray grown in Canada has been investigated by GC, IR,1H‐NMR and GC‐MS. The oil contained over 230 components: 53.4% of the oil was made up of carboxylic acids. The main components were hexanoic acid (33.6%), methyl salicylate (26.5%),n‐hexanal (5.3%) ando‐cresol

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNatural enantiomerically pure (4R) (+)‐α‐terpineol was detected, for the first time, in the essential oil ofMicromeria fruticosa(L.) Druce. High enantiomeric purities of the (+)‐enantiomer (78‐88%) were detected in seven other oils. Relatively high enantiomeric purities of (4S) (−)‐α‐terpineol (80%) were detected in the oils of cinnamon andLaurus nobilisL. Lower enantiomeric purities of the (−)‐enantiomer (64‐69%) were detected in another four oils, using a permethylated β‐cyclodextrin ch

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY