摘要:

AbstractEssential oils prepared by hydrodistillation of leaves (L), rhizomes (R), and stems (S) ofAlpinia speciosa(J.C.Wendl.) K.Schum. [=Languas speciosa(J.C.Wendl.) Merrill], Family Zingiberaceae, were analysed by capillary gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (CGC‐MS). Individual components of the oil of each organ were identified by their Kováts indices and their mass spectra which were compared with published material or with data of reference compounds. Quantitative determination was carried out based on peak area integration. The study revealed that the oxygenated compounds constitute 41.7%, 52.1% and 42.8% of the oil in L, R and S, respectively. They are composed mainly of terpinen‐4‐ol (17.3%, 20.2% and 16.0%) and 1,8‐cineole (14.4%, 15.9% and 11.5%) in L, R and S, respectively. The hydrocarbons constitute 52.2% (L), 40.9% (R) and 44.3% (S) of the oil, and comprise mainly sabinene 10.1% (L), 9.8% (R) and 7.5% (S) and γ‐terpinene 11.1% (L), 9.3% (R) and 8.2% (S). The essential oils of the three organs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against certain Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria as well asC

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsobaeckeol (6‐hydroxy‐2,4‐dimethoxy‐3‐methylisobutyrophenone) accounted for over 80% of the leaf essential oil of one chemotype ofAustromyrtus dulcis(C. T. White) L. S. Smith, the oil of which was obtained in 0.9‐1.2% yield based on fresh weight of leaves. A second chemotype of A.dulciscontained an entirely terpenoid essential oil with β‐pinene (34‐45%) and 1,8‐cineole (24‐35%) being the major components. The essential oil of this second chemotype was obtained in 0.3‐0.6% yield. The essential oil of A.tenuifolia(Sm.) Burret., obtained in 1.8‐3.0% yield contains isobaeckeol (97‐98%) as its principal component with the remainder of the oil being composed of terpenes, mainly sesquiterpenes. The oil of A.tenuifoliawas qualitatively similar to

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves ofLippia multifloras.l. Moldenke growing in Central African Republic has been analysed by GC and GC‐MS; its chemical composition is rather atypical in that it contains more than 70% of a rare monoterpenoid compound, 6,7‐epoxymyrcene. As far as we know, it is the first time that this compound has been found in an essential oil at such a high le

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe volatile constituents of three different clones of durian (Durio zibethinusMurr.) were isolated by vacuum distillation with subsequent extraction of the distillates with dichloromethane. The concentrated extracts were analysed by capillary GC and GC‐MS. A total of 63 constituents were identified, comprising 30 esters, 16 sulphurcontaining compounds, 5 ketones, 8 alcohols and 4 miscellaneous compounds. All three clones produced approximately the same proportions of esters and of ketones. The first‐mentioned chemical class was quantitatively the most important among durian volatiles. There was much variation in the content of sulphur volatiles among the three clones. Identified among this chemical class were some uncommon plant volatiles such ascis‐ andtrans‐3,5‐dimethyl‐1,2,4‐trithiolane and S‐alkyl esters of alkylthioc

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe volatile leaf oils ofEucalyptus argutifoliaGrayling&Brooker, E.kondininensisMaiden&Blakely,E. clelandii(Maiden) Maiden,E. striaticalyxW. Fitzg.,E. lesouefiMaiden,E. pterocarpaC. Gardner ex P. Lang,E. fraseri(Brooker) Brooker subsp.fraseri, E. conglobata(R. Br. ex Benth.) Maiden, E.‘anceps’, E. pileataBlakely,E. tenuisBrooker&Hopper,E. calcareanaBoomsma,E. obtwifloraDC.,E. dumosaA. Cunn. ex Oxley,E. percostataBrooker&P. Lang,E. cyanophyllaBrooker,E. cretataP. Lang&Brooker,E. sheathianaMaiden,E. georgeiBrooker&Blaxell andE. woodwardiiMaiden, isolated by vacuum distillation, were analysed by GC‐MS. Most species contained α‐pinene (3‐28%), 1,8cineole (2‐62%),p‐cymene (0.5‐39%), aromadendrene (0.5‐30%) and bicyclogermacrene (0.1‐30%) as principal leaf oil components. Eighteen of the twenty species

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe composition of the essential oils from different aerial parts ofLavandula pinnataL. fil. var.pinnatawas analysed by GC and GC‐MS. The oils were isolated separately from flowering tops, and from leaves and stems collected during the flowering period and the vegetative phase of the plant. The three oil samples consisted mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons (37‐80%), whereas oxygen‐containing monoterpenes were hardly present (2‐4%). β‐Phellandrene (12‐32%) was the main component of the oils analysed, and α‐phellandrene (6‐l6%) the second most important monoterpene. The sesquiterpene fraction of the oils (13‐22%) was also characterized by hydrocarbons of which β‐caryophyllene (11% of each oil) formed the major part. Phenylacetaldehyde amounted to 6‐9% of the leaf oils. Common major components of lavender oils were not found in the oils or were present in

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFour essential oil samples were obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of Bidens pilosa L. collected in Cameroon. Two types of commercially available apparatus were used. The samples were analysed by GC and GC‐MS. The major sesquiterpenes, germacrene‐D and β‐caryophyllene (respectively 21.2‐27.1% and 13.4‐19.8%) were accompanied by 1‐phenylhepta‐1,3,5‐triyne (12.0‐32.3%). The chemotaxonomic implications of the constant presence of small amounts of 7‐methoxy‐2,2‐dimethyl chromene (precocene I), and the influence of the hydrodistillation method on the quantitative chemical composition of the esse

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExtraction experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure in an electrically and mechanically modified domestic microwave oven, with temperature changes monitored by a gas thermometer. The rates of extraction were measured of six essential oil components of rosemary (Rosmarinus oficinalisL.) and detailed results are given for α‐pinene and for 1,8‐cineole. Major differences of behaviour were found according to whether the solvent employed was hexane, ethanol, or a mixture of 10 mol% hexane + 90 mol% ethanol. Simulated microwave extraction plots generated from the data of a series of thermostatted solvent extractions showed faster extraction rates than expected from the temperature changes. The rates of extractions were affected by the intensity of the microwave energy, the dielectric properties, size and composition of the workload, and the shape of the extracting vessel. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the kinetics and mechanism of the extractions were related to structural changes in the oil‐containing

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oils ofSalvia gilliessiBenth.,Satureja parvifolia(Phil.) Epl.,Lippia polystachyaGris. andLippia junelliana(Mold.) Tronc. which were produced from plants collected in the central region of Argentina, were analysed by GC. The oil ofS. gilliessiwas found to be rich in hydrocarbons (>68%). The most abundant compounds inS. parvifoliaoil were alcohols and oxides (>77%), while the oils of theL. polystachyaandL. junellianacontained ketones (>56%) as major components.The effect ofS. gilliessi, S. parvifolia, L. polystachyaandL. junellianaoils on spore germination and mycelial growth of three phytopathogenic fungiAlternaria solani(Ell. et Mart.),Sclerotium cepivorumBerk. andColletotrichum coccodes(Wallr.) Hughes were studied. The essential oils exhibited mycelial inhibition at .a concentration of 1%. The three fungi were identical in their sensitivity towards the four oils.

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730100211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY