摘要:

AbstractIn the roots of Apiaceae seedlings, the essential oils are accumulated in triangular primary oil ducts between the pericycle cells. In a later stage, when the roots are increasing in diameter, secondary oil ducts continually develop in the cortex near the cambium, thereafter moving outwards. In different stages of development after germination, the composition of the essential oils from the roots of caraway,Carum carviL., fennel,Foeniculum vulgaressp.capillaceumGilib, var.azoricum(Mill.) Thell., parsnip,Pastinaca sativaL. ssp.sativaL. var.hortensisEhrh., and lovage,Levisticum officinaleKoch was analysed parallel to microscopical observation of the roots.Compared with the ‘adult’ oils, the essential oils of the seedlings consist of large amounts of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and only small changes occur until the beginning of the secondary thickening. At that time, the changes in the oil composition start, although the secondary oil ducts have not yet developed. Just when the secondary oil ducts appear, the oil content in the roots increases remarkably, accompanied by rapid changes in the oil composition into that of the ‘adult’ oils.OnlyL. officinaledid not fit into this pattern. The phthalides, characteristic compounds of the adult oils of this species, are found in considerable amounts only after many complete secondary oil ducts have been de

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe extract obtained by solid‐liquid extraction with pentane‐dichloromethane (2+1, v/v) from dry mugwort (Artemisià vulgarisL.) herb was fractionated by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and subsequent middle‐pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC). Capillary gas chromatography (HRGC) and combined HRGC techniques, i.e. HRGC‐mass spectrometry (HRGC‐MS) and HRGC‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (HRGC‐FTIR) of the separated MPLC fractions revealed the occurrence of 54 additional volatiles not described as yet inA. vulgarisherb. Among them, chiral evaluation of y‐nonalactone carried out by on‐line coupled multidimensional gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (MDGC‐MS) revealed a distributi

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHydrodistillation ofCyperus tuberosusRottb. rhizomes yielded an essential oil (0.65%, fresh weight basis). The chemical composition of the volatile oil was investigated in detail by means of a combination of gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Of the 43 compounds that were identified, humulene, β caryophyllene and four of their isomeric epoxides accounted for more than 70% of the oil. The other 37 constituents amounted to only 25%. The essential oil fromCyperus rotundusL. rhizomes was also analysed and significant compositional differences were found between the two essential oils. These variations may be chemotaxonomically signifi

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe volatile leaf oils ofEucalyptus calycogonaTurcz.,E. celastroidesTurcz. ssp.celastroides, E. clelandii(Maiden) Maiden,E. grossaF. Muell. ex. Benth.,E. salubrisF. Muell. var.salubris, E. salubrisvar.glaucaMaiden,E. stricklandiiMaiden,E. tetragona(R.Br.) F. Muell. andE. woodwardiiMaiden, isolated by stream distillation, were analysed by GC‐MS. In addition to the usual monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, substantial amounts of the phenolic ketone torquatone were also present in some of the oil

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by extraction of mastic gum and by hydrodistillation from leaves, and unripe and ripe fruitsof Pistacia lentiscusL. was studied. Up to 250 constituents were detected in the oils. From these components, about 90 could be identified and quantified, comprising over 95% of the oils. The gum oil contained 90% monoterpene hydrocarbons, and the leaf oil 50% monoterpene hydrocarbons, 20% oxygen‐containing monoterpenes and 25% sesquiterpenes, whereas the fruit oils consisted of 90–96% monoterpene hydrocarbons and 2–3% sesquiterpenes. The main constituents of the gum oil were: 79% α‐pinene and 3% β‐myrcene; of the leaf oil: 11% α‐pinene and 19% β‐myrcene; of the unripe‐fruit oil: 22% α‐pinene and 54% β‐myrcene, and of the ripe‐fruit oil: 11% α‐pinene and 72% β‐myrcene. α‐Terpineol and terpinen‐4‐ol (together 15%) were the dominant monoterpene alcohols in the leaf oil. Undecan‐2‐one (0.1–0.6%) seems to be an olfactively important constituent of the oils. Dimyrcene (fou

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil ofPlumeria rubraformaacutifolia(Poir.) Woodson cv. ‘Common Yellow’ growing in Hawaii was extracted by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). The essential oil was analysed with GC and GC‐MS, and a total of 74 compounds were identified. Linalol, phenylacetaldehyde,trans,trans‐farnesol, β‐phenylethyl alcohol, geraniol, α‐terpineol, neral and geranial were found to make a major contribution to the floral scent o

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oils from herb samples ofSalvia coccineaJuss. ex Murr. were analysed by GLC, LSC and GC‐MS. The plant material was collected from the same location in Ile‐Ife, Nigeria, in three consecutive years. About 40 components including polynuclear aromatic compounds and their alkyl derivatives were identified in some oil samples. Their major components were acenaphthene (18%), trans‐hex‐2‐enal (11%) and globulol (11%) in 1987, globulol (65%) and aromadendrene (11%) in 1988, and 2,5‐dimethoxy‐p‐cymene (29%) and globulol (16.5 %) in 1989. The polynuclear aromatic compounds detected most likely originat

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oil of the leaves ofTagetes erectaL. exhibited complete inhibition of growth ofPythium aphanidermatumFitz., the damping‐off pathogen, at a concentration of 2000 ppm. The oil possessed a broad fungitoxic spectrum, no phytotoxicity and superiority over three synthetic fungicides, viz. Captan, Agrosan G.N. and Dithane Z‐78. Moreover, during pot trials the oil indicated its efficacy for controlling the damping‐off of seedlings of tomato up t

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe essential oils from leaves and seeds of some angiosperms collected from different localities of Varanasi as well as from local markets were tested against the mycelial growth ofAspergillus flavus. Amongst them the volatile oil from seeds ofDaucus carotaL. exhibited absolute toxicity against the test fungus. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the oil at which it exhibited fungistasis was 2000 ppm when it was not phytotoxic on seed germination and seedling growth of guar,Cyamopsis tetragonolobaL. (Taub.). It exhibited a broad fungitoxic spectrum inhibiting the mycelial growth of a number of fungi at 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm. Moreover, the oil was more effective than some synthetic fungicides including Agrosan G.N., copper oxychloride, Derosal, Dithane M‐45 and Thiovi

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0882-5734    

DOI:10.1002/ffj.2730060411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY