ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00647.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00648.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sociology of knowledge provided the conceptual and methodologic basis for this study of the relationship between the philosophic concept of holism and the professionalization of public health nursing. Set in the context of the history of ideas, the discussion examines the various meanings of holism and the circumstances surrounding their adoption, modification, and use in public health nursing. The nursing literature from the late 1800s to the 1980s was analyzed to explicate the pragmatic consequences of holism for public health nursing, and to examine holism's moral value and its part in establishing and extending public health nursing's professional domain.

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00649.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study identified population groups, health conditions, and employment settings considered appropriate for graduate‐level community health nursing (CHN) practice and employment, and described the relative importance of each of these areas as assessed by CHN leaders. According to 588 leaders in CHN service and education, (1) the population groups most in need of graduate‐prepared CHNs are the elderly, persons of low socioeconomic status, the homeless, adolescents, and the unemployed; and (2) the health conditions most in need of CHN services are AIDS, pregnancy and prenatal problems, low birth weight and infant mortality, stress‐related illness, and Alzheimer's and other chronic diseases of the elderly. Among the many employment settings rated as having a great need for CHNs are state and local health departments and home health agencies. The findings provide the direction and justification for developing specialty options within CHN that correspond to these identified and changing needs. This article provides suggestions and possible alternatives for initiating educational change to prepare graduate‐level CHNs for these various specialties and for the settings in which the specialties will be

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00650.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractYoung families are the fastest‐growing group of homeless people in the United States. Many women have suffered violations of physical and sexual abuse, reduced income through divorce, and discrimination in seeking housing. Families have been disconnected from their homes, an adequate income, health care services, schools, and their families. Selected literature is reviewed to promote understanding and advocacy nursing for this high‐risk populat

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00651.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTow birth weight (LBW) contributes to infant mortality and continues to be a public health concern in the United States. A community‐based prenatal program was established to prevent low birth weight through early and continuous prenatal care. Two key dimensions of the program were marketing and the use of volunteer neighborhood outreach workers. This paper explores the role of the program's public health nurses in relation to these dimensions and makes recommendations regarding marketing and use of outreach worker

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00652.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe major source, quantity, and quality of sex and contraceptive information African‐American males received as teenagers, and the impact of that information on sexual and contraceptive behavior, were examined among 250 males ranging in age from 12 to 70 years. Mothers were the major sources of sex and birth control information for the adolescent, young adult, and middle adult groups. Fathers and male friends were the second sources most indicated. All of the sample received sex information, and only a small proportion received no birth control information. The amount of sex information received was found to be a significant predictor (P= 0.0018) of the age at first intercourse and the regularity of use of birth control after that. The amount of birth control information received was also a significant predictor (P =0.0093) of the regularity of use of birth control after the first coitus. Because parents influence their children's behavior through a socialization process, their support of their teenage sons in matters of sexuality and contraception may be of potential value in mitigating the effects of early, unprotected se

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00653.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA telephone survey was used to assess knowledge of the transmission, prevalence, and infectivity of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the safety of casual contact among 214 randomly selected university students. Males were more knowledgeable than females overall (odds ratio [OR], men/women = 4.8). Although most students understood the dangers of unprotected sex and intravenous needle sharing, up to 30% believed some kinds of casual contact (e.g., shared eating utensils) can transmit AIDS. Older students (≥ 23 yrs) were more knowledgeable than those 17 to 19 years old about the safety of casual contact (OR = 3.8). Students are in need of education programs that stress the ways AIDS isnottransmitted. Since most students identified newspapers and television as their main sources of information, these may be effective vehicles for education effort

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00654.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhenomenologic research is a means of developing clarity on the concepts or phenomena that are the focus of community health nursing practice. Phenomenologic methodology is used in a number of disciplines, including nursing. This paper addresses how the researcher identifies the phenomena of interest, decides on the number of participants, gains access to those individuals, collects data, and analyzes and uses the findings. Specifically, community health nurses can use phenomenology to begin to define the concepts perceived to be of primary concern in the practice arena.

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00655.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purposes of this methodologic, descriptive, correlation study were to assess the reliability and validity of the Easley‐Storfjell (ES) patient‐classification instrument for home care, and determine to what extent it was useful in a large, hospital‐based home health care setting. A model for home health care developed by the investigator was used. In‐terrater reliability and concurrent validity were established by four nurse‐raters using a random sample. Nonparametric bi‐variate correlational analysis demonstrated that the ES instrument was both reliable and valid at a significant level. In addition, there was agreement between the overall ES category rating and rater frequency of home visits. Intrarater reliability for each of the four nurse‐raters on a random sample was at a significant level. The results of this study have important implications for home health care agencies providing care to chronically

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00656.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY