摘要:

AbstractTo determine the effects of a school‐based, nurse‐run prenatal counseling program, records of prenatal care visits of students and their infants' birth weights (i.e., cases) were obtained from the state live birth certificate tape for 1985‐1987. From the same tape, a mother residing in the same community but not enrolled in the program was matched with each case on eight criteria to serve as a control. A total of 288 matched case‐control pairs were obtained. Using McNemar's test, a significantly higher percentage of the cases received adequate prenatal care than did the c

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00659.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent federal legislation (e.g., PL 99‐457, Part H, and amendments to the MCH block grant and Medicaid legislation) has focused attention on infants at risk for health and developmental problems. The ability to plan services for these infants would be strengthened by data that could be used for program accountability and evaluation. Using nurses based in local health departments, North Carolina's High‐Priority Infant program currently identifies and follows infants with biologic (e.g., very low birth weight), environmental (e.g., psychosocial problems), and established (e.g., Down syndrome) risk conditions. Data from this program were collected to analyze specific features of its implementation, a necessary precursor to evaluating outc

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00660.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe primary purposes of this pilot study were to identify maternal psychosocial correlates of unrealistic expectations of children and of child abuse potential, and to investigate the relationships of these factors with child behavior. A cross‐sectional, two‐group design was used. One group consisted of 20 low‐income mothers whose preschool children were referred to a family care center for suspected abuse or neglect. A comparison group was made up of 20 low‐income mothers whose children attended a university‐based pediatric clinic and who were not referred for abuse or neglect. Data were collected during structured in‐home interviews with the mothers. Measures of parental bonding, maternal depressive symptoms, unrealistic expectations of children, child abuse potential, and child behavior were obtained. Preschool teachers of the children also rated the children's behavior. Mothers with high depressive symptoms reported more unrealistic expectations of children and had greater child abuse potential scores than those with fewer symptoms. The more child behavior problems mothers reported, the greater their unrealistic expectations of the children and the higher their score for child abuse potential. Maternal depressive symptoms were not directly related to child behavior. Teacher reports of child behavior were moderately correlated with maternal reports, but no study variable was associated with teac

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00661.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor more than two decades an enduring relationship between years of formal schooling and improved health status has been emerging as noteworthy. School nurses are currently in place to focus more attention on refining how this relationship can be maximized in clinical practice. A brief review of the theoretical framework, modeling and role‐modeling, is presented, including application to a case study depicting how the school nurse used theory‐driven nursing process for health promot

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00662.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the 1980s home care, in contrast to hospital care, was reported substantially to reduce costs for third‐party payers who provided funding for technology‐assisted children. Savings were realized primarily because parents substituted for nurses, eliminating or reducing those costs. Third‐party payers' savings thus were directly related to the number of hours parents assumed care. Because home care relies on parents doing some of the work of nurses, decisions regarding nursing hours must consider family factors in addition to medical factors. We evaluated the number of nursing hours 31 Minnesota families with technology‐assisted children received, as well as the factors that determined the allotment of nursing hours. Most families (96.8%) received some hours of professional nursing care per day, and 16.1% received 24‐hour care. Multiple regression, however, showed that family factors, rather than the child's medical condition, influenced the number of hours, with married, lower‐income families with a younger child receiving the fewest.Further discussion and study are recommended to understand more fully the impact family factors have on the allotment of nursing hours and home

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00663.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEstimates are that 1.8 million women are physically abused each year by their husbands. To prevent abuse and promote physical safety, routine assessment is essential. Planned Parenthood of Houston and Southeast Texas added four self‐reported abuse assessment questions to their standard intake form completed by all initial and annual‐visit clients. After one month of self‐report by 477 women, the prevalence of physical abuse was 7.3%. To compare self‐report to nurse interview assessment, the same four questions were asked of 300 women coming to the same clinic for initial or annual visits. The reported prevalence of abuse after a nurse interview wa

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00664.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProductivity is an important issue in home care. Employee perceptions of an equitable system are crucial and have been linked to job satisfaction, motivation, and production. Ten staff nurses, and all supervisors and program directors were interviewed to elicit perceptions of the productivity system. Staff nurses' time sheets for seven months were evaluated retrospectively for visit length, number of visits per day, payer source, mileage per day, and travel time per day. Mean time in minutes spent in the patient's home on intravenous visits(n =58 visits) was approximately twice as long as that of home care visit(n= 11,573 visits). Mean length of hospice visits (n= 368 visits) was 25 to 29 minutes longer than that of mean home care visits. The proportion of Medicare reimbursement was negatively correlated with productivity bonus point achievement (when two high and two low bonus point outliers were removed). Recommended changes were based on both qualitative analysis of employee perceptions of the productivity system and quantitative analysis of time sheets.

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00665.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe paper underscores the relevance of preventive and well health practices for older adults, given the current potential for extended life spans. One model for health promotion interventions consists of self‐care skills, emotional and spiritual integration, and social integration. It was based on research in which older adults identified dimensions of everyday well‐be

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe importance of identifying the mental as well as physical health needs of individuals served in primary care settings has been documented in the United States, Great Britain, and developing countries. This study compared the prevalence of psychosocial distress across four demographically diverse ambulatory care clinics, and described the relationship among selected demographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, race, education, and income) and psychosocial distress in order to develop a profile of high‐risk clinics and patients. The sample was drawn from consecutive clinic attendees in two geographic regions of the United States. Psychosocial distress was measured with the Goldberg 28‐item general health questionnaire (GHQ). As a group, 64% of the subjects had GHQ scores of less than 5, indicating they were not at risk; 26.5% were moderately distressed and 9.5% were highly distressed. The distressed tended to be chronically physically ill patients who attended two clinics. Multivariate nominal scale analysis (MNA) indicated that the sociodemographic variables accounted for 11% of the variance in GHQ scores. Younger (<60 yrs), white, low‐socioeconomic subjects had a higher probability of falling into the high‐risk category. Contrary to previous research findings, gender was not associated with d

ISSN:0737-1209    

DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.1991.tb00668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY